• 대한지리학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.414-429
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• 2010

이어도 영유권 분쟁에 있어서 인접국인 중국의 부당한 주장에 대해 한국으로서 정합적인 논리를 개발 설득함으로써 문제를 평화적으로 해결하는 데 본 연구의 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 먼저 이어도의 자연경관의 특징과 형성과정을 자연지리학으로 정리하고. 이를 토대로 중국의 견강부회적인 주장에 대해 구체적이고 객관적인 반박 논리를 개발한다. 지질 지형과 관련한 지질사를 봤을 때 이어도가 제주도의 부속암초라는 사실이 그대로 드러나고 있으며, 중국이 주장하는 인문학적 증거, 즉 $\ll$산해경$\gg$에 대한 중국측의 해석은 우려할 정도로 왜곡되고 있다. 뿐만 아니라 중국측이 주장하는 논리가 북해대륙붕사건에서 독일의 논리를 도입하고 있으나 중국은 대향국간과 인접국간의 경계획정을 혼동하고 있어 정합성이 전혀 없다고 해도 과언이 아니다. 본 연구 결과는 강단지리학에 관심을 갖도록 할 뿐만 아니라 나아가 국민을 계도하고 관계기관이 상대국과 협상할 때 주요자료와 이론으로 활용할 수 있다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.202-212
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• 2017

Background: To reveal establishment strategy of Sparganium erectum, we tried to find realized niche of adults through field survey and effects of water level on the establishment process through mesocosm experiments. Results: In the field survey, the height and coverage of community living in deeper water were greater than those of community living in shallow water. There was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) in the means of water and soil properties between the two communities. In mesocosm experiments, we found no correlation between water levels and germination rates, but S. erectum seedlings have characteristics of post germination seedling buoyancy when S. erectum seeds germinated in inundation conditions. Shoot height, total leaf length, and survival rates of sinking seedlings in shallow water levels at -5, 0, and 5 cm were higher than those in deeper water levels at 10 and 20 cm. Floating seedlings established in water levels of 3 and 6 cm only. The seedlings could live up to 6 weeks in floating state but died if they were unable to establish. Conclusions: The water level around adult S. erectum communities in the field were different from the water level at which S. erectum seedlings can survive in the mesocosm experiments. The findings provided not only understanding of S. erectum habitat characteristics but also evidence to connect historical links between the early seedlings stage and adult habitat conditions. We suggested the logical establishment strategy of S. erectum based on the data.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.456-461
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• 1995

저자들은 좌측 악하부의 종창을 주소로 내원한 48세 여자 환자에서 임상소견과 방사선 검사 및 절제생검 조직의 병리조직학적 검사를 통해 폐의 일차적 결핵병소 없이 발생한 결핵성 경부 임파선염으로 진단하고 절제생검과 술후 isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol을 이용한 화학요법을 시행하여 양호한 결과를 치험하였다. 비록 흔하지는 않지만 특히 젊은 성인에서 경부에 종괴가 있을 경우 감별진단시에 결핵성 경부 임파선염을 고려해야 하며, 이 질환은 재발의 가능성이 있기 때문에 주기적인 관찰과 검사가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.279-290
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• 2012

Plecoglossus altivelis (ayu) is an amphidromous fish widely distributed in Northeastern Asia from the East China Sea to the northern Japanese coastal waters, encompassing the Korean Peninsula within its range. The shore lines of northeastern region in Asia have severely fluctuated following glaciations in the Quaternary. In the present study, we investigate the population genetic structure and historical demographic change of P. altivelis at a population level in East Asia. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) based on 244 mitochondrial control region DNA sequences clearly showed that as the sampling scope extended to a larger geographic area, genetic differentiation began to become significant, particularly among Northeastern populations. A series of hierarchical AMOVA could detect the genetic relationship of three closely located islands between Korea and Japan that might have been tightly connected by the regional Tsushima current. Neutrality and mismatch distribution analyses revealed a strong signature of a recent population expansion of P. altivelis in East Asia, estimated at 126 to 391 thousand years ago during the late Pleistocene. Therefore it suggests that the present population of P. altivelis traces back to its approximate demographic change long before the last glacial maximum. This contrasts our a priori expectation that the most recent glacial event might have the most crucial effect on the present day demography of marine organisms through bottleneck and subsequent increase of effective population size in this region.

• 복식
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• 제52권7호
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• pp.139-154
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• 2002

This study selects mannequins. fashion models. and fashion photographs as communication media to express the beauty of an ideal body. Each medium is discussed by the denotative and connotative aspects through the semiology. First, the mannequins are the most concrete medium which can form women's ideal body types and reproduce images in which the idealistic human body are coded in various figures. It embodies such various figures of the modem society by being replaced with the symbolic representation of our intrinsic·extrinsic forms. From a denotative view, the mannequins can be explained by ideal body types and expressive tools. The mannequin has implied connotative meanings of the similarity and dissimilarity between the actual body and itself. Second, fashion models have played a role in transmitting fashion images and presenting the ideal body. As fashion has adopted the body as its object fashion models have been used to express an ideal body. The development of the mass media in the 20th century has defined the standard of the beauty, Both the relationship between fashion designers and fashion models. and the standardization of beauty and fashion models are reviewed from a denotative view. Fashion models imply connotative meanings of the figurative and the controlled property. Third, fashion photographs are historical documents presenting us with the evidence of the ideal body types and culture throughout time. The photographs could be adopted as proper means to express fashion. having realistic and practical expressional functions, and it can be said that the realistic and practical expressional function of photographs has served as a suitable means for express fashion, and fashion photographs are discussed. The fashion photograph has the reproducible and the symbolic property.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.439-454
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• 2013

UN-REDD (United Nations programme on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation) is currently being emerged as one of important mechanism to reduce carbon dioxide in relation to the deforestation. Although administrative boundary has already gained world-wide recognition as a typical method of monitoring unit in the process of GHG (Greenhouse Gas) reduction project, this approach did not provide a realistic evidence in the carbon sequestering monitoring in terms of UN-REDD; the meaningful comparison of land use patterns among watershed boundaries, interpretation for distribution trends of carbon density, calculation of opportunity cost, leakage management, etc. This research proposes a comparative evaluation framework in a more objective and quantitative way for carbon sequestering monitoring between administrative and watershed boundary approaches. Mt. Geumgang of North Korea was selected as a survey objective and an exhaustive and realistic comparison of carbon sequestration between the two approaches was conducted, based on change detection using TM satellite images. It was possible for drainage boundary approach to identify more detailed area-wide patterns of carbon distribution than traditional administrative one, such as estimations of state and trends, including historical trends, of land use / land cover and carbon density in the Mt. Geumgang. The distinctive changing trends in terms of carbon sequestration were specifically identified over the watershed boundary from 4.0% to 34.8% while less than 1% difference was observed in the administrative boundaries, which were resulting in almost 21-22%. It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference to support more scientific and objective decision-making in introducing watershed boundary as carbon sequestering monitoring unit.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.229-241
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• 2009

1989년 미국 수학교사협의회(National Council of Teachers of Mathematics)에서 "학교 수학을 위한 교육과정 및 평가 규준집 (The Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics)" 을 발간한 이후로 이 규준집은 미국 국내 뿐만 아니라 세계적으로도 수학교육학과 관련된 여러 연구에서 인용되어 왔다. 본 논문은 1989년 미국 NCTM 규준집이 미국의 일부 수학교육 단체에 의해 주도된 수학과 교육과정 개정 움직임이 아니라, 미국내 국가 차원에서 수많은 수학교육학자들과 수학 교사들의 합의와 다년간의 노력에 의해 만들어진 거의 국가수준의 교육과정임을 역사적으로 보여주고 있다. 특히, 본 논문은 1970년, 80년대 미국 수학교육학 단체들의 연구동향이 1989년 NCTN 규준집 내용과 밀접하게 결부되어 있음을 보여줌과 동시에, 이 NCTM 규준집이 우리나라 제 6차 및 7차 수학과 교육과정에 어떤 영향을 미쳤는지에 대해 분석한 내용을 소개하고 있다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.263-277
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• 2008

In picture bible, the picture is helpful for showing story more vividly and specifically and it is helpful for finding the meaning of bible hidden behind familiarity. It plays the role of the most powerful testimony and expression, with which human provides himself. The purpose of study was to grasp the relation among historical background of the middle age, human's characteristic and symbolic color by considering the fact that the costume expressed in Maciejowski Bible, which is a picture bible of the middle age and observing type, color and decoration of costume. Among 46 folios organizing Maciejowski Bible, 129 pictures explaining the Book of Genesis, the Book of Exodus, the Book of Leviticus, the Book of Numbers, the Book of Deuteronomy, the Book of Joshua and the Book of Judges, which belong to the former 400 years of the old Testament, were analyzed for people's costumes. The pictures shown in Maciejowski Bible portrays object, costume and behavior on the background of France of the 13th century so we can find out the precious natures of middle age's costume, weapon and armor. Especially, the portrait about finger armor of chain mail attached in hauberk becomes the outstanding evidence that can encroach the discussion over whether it was used in the end of 1300s. Regarding costumes of main characters, they wore chemise and braies as underwear, wore tunic or cotte having various lengths from the length reaching knee to the length reaching 8round as basic costume and wore mantle with different-colored lining and hose with various colors. In the war picture, we can see hauberk made with chain mail and cyclas with long slit, which was worn over hauberk, barrel helmet, norman helmet and steel school cap. Regarding cap. man usually wore coif, beret, shade-shaped cap, straw hat and woman wore the decoration using veil and hairlace and used the method to wrap whole hair with net. As the colors used in the costume of the picture bible, scarlet, blue, green and brown were usually used in order. They usually wore costumes decorated splendidly with the colors haying hish brightness and chroma.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2011

고대의 인간거주의 흔적을 확인하기 위하여 중부 내륙의 석회암 지대인 평창, 단양, 진천, 괴산, 제천, 문경, 보은, 상주 등지에 대한 조사에서 모두 고고학적으로 기조사된 동굴 6개소 및 31개소의 동굴이 지표조사 되었다. 조사는 주로 입지와 퇴적층의 유무 그리고 문화유물의 부존가능성에 대한 확인을 포함하였다. 조사된 동굴 중에서 평창의 광천선굴이나 문경의 모산굴을 비롯한 11개소가 퇴적층의 잔존상황이나 토기나 동물 뼈 등의 유물의 산포상황으로 미루어 고고학적으로 의미가 있을 것으로 보이며 이 중에 문경 모산굴은 크기나 내부의 퇴적층 그리고 발견된 토기로 미루어 고고학적인 가치가 분명하게 확인되었다. 이러한 새로운 자료는 그동안 이 지역에서 조사된 인간거주의 증거들과 함께 구석기시대 이래의 생활사를 잘 보여줄 것으로 기대된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.587-593
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• 2019

Excavation (2008-2014) carried out under the Uffizi Gallery (Florence, Italy) led to the discovery of 75 individuals, mostly buried in multiple graves. Based on Roman minted coins, the graves were preliminarily dated between the second half of the 4th and the beginning of the 5th centuries CE. Taphonomy showed that this was an emergency burial site associated with a catastrophic event, possibly an epidemic of unknown etiology with high mortality rates. In this perspective, paleoparasitological investigations were performed on 18 individuals exhumed from 9 multiple graves to assess the burden of gastrointestinal parasitism. Five out of eighteen individuals (27.7%) tested positive for ascarid-type remains; these are considered as "decorticated" Ascaris eggs, which have lost their outer mammillated coat. Roundworms (genus Ascaris) commonly infest human populations under dire sanitary conditions. Archaeological and historical evidence indicates that Florentia suffered a period of economic crisis between the end of 4th and the beginning of the 5th centuries CE, and that the aqueduct was severely damaged at the beginning of the 4th century CE, possibly during the siege of the Goths (406 CE). It is more than plausible that the epidemic, possibly coupled with the disruption of the aqueduct, deeply affected the living conditions of these individuals. A 27.7% frequency suggests that ascariasis was widespread in this population. This investigation exemplifies how paleoparasitological information can be retrieved from the analysis of sediments sampled in cemeteries, thus allowing a better assessment of the varying frequency of parasitic infections among ancient populations.