• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2000

Purpose: The aim of this research is to examine the abnormal liver function complicated with Kawasaki disease (KD) and to analyze its clinical characteristics and complications. Methods: Ninty eight cases were diagnosed as having KD, among which thirty four cases had abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (>30 IU/L). These abnormal ALT cases were evaluated in terms of age and sex distribution, major symptoms, complications, laboratory and histopathologic findings. Results: Male to female ratio was 2.4:1 and most patients (91.2%) were under 5 years of age. Cervical lymphadenopathy was observed in 3 cases (8.8%); and recurred cases were two (5.8%). Average fever duration was 8 days; average length of hospitalization was 9 days; and average recovery period was 13 days. Immediately after admission, positive CRP was observed in 31 cases (91.2%), leukocytosis (> $10,000/mm^3$) in 26 cases (76.0%), thrombocytosis (> $450,000/mm^3$) in 7 cases (20.6%), and anemia (<10 gm/dl) in 7 cases (20.6%), respectively. GB hydrops or cholecystitis were noted in 3 cases (8.8%), abnormal ECG finding in 1 case (2.9%), coronary dilatation or aneurysm in 2 cases (5.9%). Liver biopsy was done in four cases and revealed mild infiltration of lymphocytes on the portal area and mild bile duct proliferations. Conclusion: The abnormal liver function was noted in 34.7% of KD patients, and subsided all within one month. But the liver function test should be checked closely in patients of the abnormal liver function test complicated with KD despite of its good prognosis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.345-349
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• 2015

Background: To determine the cut-off values of the preoperative risk of malignancy index (RMI) used in differentiating benign or malignant adnexal masses and to determine their significance in differential diagnosis by comparison of different systems. Materials and Methods: 191 operated women were assessed retrospectively. RMI of 1, 2, 3 and 4; cut-off values for an effective benign or malignant differentiation together with sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values were calculated. Results: Cut-off value for RMI 1 was found to be 250; there was significant (p<0.001) compatibility at this level with sensitivity of 60%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 75%, specificity of 93%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 88% and an overall compliance rate of 85%. When RMI 2 and 3 was obtained with a cut-off value of 200, there was significant (p<0.001) compatibility at this level for RMI 2 with sensitivity of 67%, PPV of 67%, specificity of 89%, NPV of 89%, histopathologic correlation of 84% while RMI 3 had significant (p<0.001) compatibility at the same level with sensitivity of 63%, PPV of 69%, specificity of 91%, NPV of 88% and a histopathologic correlation of 84%. Significant (p<0.001) compatibility for RMI 4 with a sensitivity of 67%, PPV of 73%, specificity of 92%, NPV of 89% and a histopathologic correlation of 86% was obtained at the cut-off level 400. Conclusions: RMI have a significant predictability in differentiating benign and malignant adnexal masses, thus can effectively be used in clinical practice.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.2965-2970
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• 2014

Background: To evaluate association of lung cancer with arsenic and cadmium levels measured in tumor tissue. Materials and Methods: Ninety-five patients with lung cancer tumor tissue obtained surgically were included in this study. Arsenic and cadmium levels were measured and levels of metals were compared among types of lung cancer and with reference to patient data. Results: The histopathologic diagnoses of the 95 cases were SCC, 49, adenocarcinoma, 28, large cell, 11 and SCLC, 1. Mean tumor arsenic and cadmium levels were $149.3{\pm}129.1{\mu}g/kg$ and $276.3{\pm}219.3{\mu}g/kg$, respectively. Cadmium levels were significantly associated with smoking (p=0.02), histopathologic type (p=0.005), and TNM staging (r=0.325; p=0.001), although arsenic was not related to any parameter (p>0.05). There was no relation between metal levels and mortality (p>0.05). Conclusions: We found a significant association between tumor cadmium levels of patients with lung cancer and smoking, histopathologic type and staging, although there was no relation with arsenic levels.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is appropriate for detecting early changes in the mandibular bone marrow and pulp tissue of rats after high-dose irradiation. Materials and Methods: The right mandibles of Sprague-Dawley rats were irradiated with 10 Gy (Group 1, n=5) and 20 Gy (Group 2, n=5). Five non-irradiated animals were used as controls. The MR images of rat mandibles were obtained before irradiation and once a week until week 4 after irradiation. From the MR images, the signal intensity (SI) of the mandibular bone marrow and pulp tissue of the incisor was interpreted. The MR images were compared with the histopathologic findings. Results: The SI of the mandibular bone marrow had decreased on T2-weighted MR images. There was little difference between Groups 1 and 2. The SI of the irradiated groups appeared to be lower than that of the control group. The histopathologic findings showed that the trabecular bone in the irradiated group had increased. The SI of the irradiated pulp tissue had decreased on T2-weighted MR images. However, the SI of the MR images in Group 2 was high in the atrophic pulp of the incisor apex at week 2 after irradiation. Conclusion: These patterns seen on MRI in rat bone marrow and pulp tissue were consistent with histopathologic findings. They may be useful to assess radiogenic sclerotic changes in rat mandibular bone marrow.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-29
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• 1996

This study was conducted to elucidate the pathogenesis of Aujeszky's disease virus(ADV) by histopathologic examination. The first Korean ADV Isolate, which was isolated from piglets with clinical signs of Aujeszky's disease in Yangsan(YS) county, Kyungnam province, was inoculated into 32 days old piglets with a dose of $10^{5.9}$$TCID_{50}/ml$ through intranasal or intramuscular route. These piglets were sacrificed at intervals of every 24hrs for 8 days. The virulence of YS strain was determined by the observation of clinical signs, gross findings, and histopathologic changes in tissues. The virus recovery test was performed from brain, spleen, lung and tonsil in cell culture. The pathogenesis of YS strain was determined by the observation of histopathologlc lesions in CNS and neuronal tracts. The major clinical signs were fever, anorexia, dyspnea, constipation, tremor, ataxia, circling movement, hindleg paralysis and salivation. The clinical signs were more severe in piglets of the group inoculated intranasally than those of the intramuscularly inoculated gorup. Lymphocytopenia was detected on day 5 to day 6 postinoculation (PI). The ADV was recovered from the tissue homogenates of tonsil, lung, spleen and cerebrum in cell culture. The highest virus titer was detected from tonsil between day 6 and day 7 PI. Reddish sublobar consolidation foci were scattered in the apical and cardiac lobes of lung. Although yellowish necrotic foci were detected in tonsil and liver, hemorrhagic lesions were mainly observed in heart, kidney and lymph nodes. Histopathologically, degeneration and necrosis of nerve cells, nonsuppurative meningoe-ncephalitis, nodular gliosis and perivascular cuffings were observed in CNS. Multifocal fibronecrotic foci were observed in lung, liver, lymph nodes and spleen. The major pathologic changes were detected in the midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata. Eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies were mainly observed in epithelia and /or macrophages of tonsil, liver, lung, spleen and submandibular lymph nodes, and neurons of brain, respectively. Observation of viral particles at various stages of replication were possible from the endothelial cells of the alveolar capillaries and tonsillar crypt epithelia by transmission electron microscope.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 1976

Cellulose acetate electrophoresis was used for differential diagnosis of radicular cysts and granulomas. Sixteen periapical lesions were excised from sixteen teeth with radiographic evidence of periapical pathosis, and two normal periodontal tissues were surgically removed from two wisdom teeth. The tissue samples were separated into two parts. Half was prepared for cellulose acetate electrophoresis, and the electrophoretic patterns were scanned with Helena densitometer. The other half was examined histologically, and the histologic diagnoses were then compared with the electrophoretic patterns and with the x-ray findings. The results were the following: 1. The histopathologic results showed the presence of 13 granulomas (81.8%) and 3 cysts (18.3%). 2. An albumin pattern, alpha-globulin pattern, beta-globulin pattern, fibrinogen pattern and gamma-globulin pattern were found in all eighteen cases. 3. All eighteen cases were divided into normal periodontal tissue group, dental granuloma group, and radicular cyst group by the histopathologic diagnosis. The electrophoretic pattern of dental granuloma group and that of normal periodontal tissue group resembled each other. The two groups showed the highest percentage in beta-globulin fraction, and the beta-globulin of dental granuloma group(47.17%) was higher than that of normal periodontal tissue group (40.54%) by 6.63%. On the contrary, beta-globulin fraction of radicular cyst group (28.00%) was much lower than those of the granuloma group (47.17%) and normal periodontal tissue group (40.54%), and alpha-globulin of radicular cyst group (34.16%) was much higher than those of the granuloma group (20.04%) and normal group (19.58%). 4. Five cases (31.3%) of the sixteen periodontal lesions showed different results between histopathologic diagnoses and radiographic findings.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2014

Pullorum disease and fowl typhoid are septicemic avian diseases transmitting through egg by transovarian infections. A series of tests has been performing in breeding flocks of chickens and test plans for proper inspection have been modified by government veterinary institute to control of such diseases. To improve inspection plans, different test methods were compared using fowl typhoid positive samples from a poultry farm located in Jeonbuk state in 2012. Based on first inspection, 11 samples among total 200 samples were positive by rapid slide agglutination (RSA) test and 7 samples among RSA positive samples were finally diagnosed as Salmonella Gallinarum infection by ELISA, bacterial isolation, PCR, and histopathologic examination. In the second inspection, 20 samples among total 100 samples were positive by RSA test. Among RSA positive ones, 19 samples were positive by ELISA, S. Gallinarm were successfully isolated in 3 samples, and 16 samples were positive by PCR in the cecal tonsils where were not successful for bacterial isolation. Based on histopathologic examination, severe inflammation in the 13 cecal tonsils and infiltration of lymphocytes and heterophils in the 11 livers were observed. Therefore, we suggest that bacterial isolation, PCR, and histopathologic examination methods in the third inspection need to be further used in various tissues for correct diagnosis and for final eradication of pullorum disease and fowl typhoid in breeding flocks of chickens.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.610-626
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• 1995

Perforations especially in the furcations during endodontic treatment have notably detrimental effect on prognosis. The purpose of this study was to compare radiographically and histologically the sealing ability and the tissue responses of amalgam, Ketac-Silver, IRM, Vitapex, and mineral trioxide aggregate(MTA) used to repair furcation perforations. Thirty two experimental furcation perforations were created in the mandibular premolars of 6 mongrel dogs and immediately repaired with experimental materials. The animals were sacrificed after 16 weeks and radiographic and histopathologic results were evaluated. The following conclusions were drawn within the limits of the experimental results; 1. All materials tested in this experiment revealed a certain degree of extrusion into the periodontal space. 2. Both amalgam and Ketac-Silver showed the greatest degree of inflammation and bone resorption(p<0.0001). There was no significant difference between the amalgam and Ketac-Silver groups. 3. Both IRM and Vitapex showed a markedly milder degree of inflammatin and less bone resorption than amalgam or ketac-siver(p<0.00005). both IRM and vitapex showed the same respone. 4. MTA showed the least degree of Inflammation and bone resorption(p<0.05). The results of this experiment indicate that among the different materials tested, MTA appeared to be the best material for sealing furcation perforations, although the radiographic and histopathologic differences between the MTA and Vitapex groups were not statistically significant. But further studies with a larger sample are needed to have the exact conclusions.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.231-250
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• 1993

Thirty five male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with cadmium chloride solution ranging from 0.2 to 3.2mg $CdCl_2/kg$ by intravenous single injection. At 48 hours after administration of cadmium, total cadmium, MT bound cadmium and histopathologic finding in liver, kidney, lung, heart, testis, metallothionein in liver, kidney and total cadmium in bleed were examined. Tissue cadmium concentration was highest in liver, followed by in kidney, heart, lung and testis. Cadmium bound to rnetallothionein (MT-Cd) and ratio of MT-Cd to total cadmium were increased in liver and kidney dependently of cadmium exposure dose, but not significantly changed in other organs. On histopathologic finding, the most susceptible organ was heart in considering cadmium exposed dose, but testis in considering cadmium concentration. Blood cadmium concentration was increased with dose-dependent pattern, and significantly correlated with tissue cadmium concentration, so that we may estimate tissue cadmium concentration by measurement of blood cadmium concentration. Metallothionein in liver and kidney was increased with dose-dependent pattern, higher in liver than in kidney, and was significantly correlated with tissue cadmium concentration. However, metallothionein induction efficiency of tissue cadmium(${\mu}g\;MT/{\mu}g\;Cd$) was eater in liver than in kidney, and reverse to tissue concentration or exposed dose of cadmium.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.236-244
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• 2021

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism, irregular menstruation, ovulatory dysfunction, and insulin resistance. Recent studies have reported the possible role of phytoestrogens in PCOS. This animal study aimed to evaluate the effects of genistein on insulin resistance, inflammatory factors, lipid profile, and histopathologic indices on PCOS. Methods: PCOS was induced by 1 mg/kg of letrozole in adult Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats then received normal saline (PCOS group), 150 mg/kg of metformin, or 20 mg/kg of genistein dissolved in 1% methylcellulose solution for 42 days. Body weight, the glycemic and lipid profile, and inflammatory, antioxidative, and histopathological parameters were assessed at the end of the intervention. Results: Treatment with genistein significantly alleviated the increased level of fasting blood insulin (p=0.16) and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (p=0.012). In addition, the genistein group had significantly lower levels of serum malondialdehyde (p=0.039) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (p=0.003), and higher superoxide dismutase enzyme activity (p<0.001). Furthermore, the histopathological analysis indicated that genistein administration led to an increase in luteinization and the development of fewer cysts (p<0.05). Conclusion: Biochemical and histopathological analyses indicated that genistein administration to rats with PCOS induced significant remission in oxidative, inflammatory, and glycemic and histopathologic parameters.