• Survey Research
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.123-140
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to determine the unidimensionality of Grasmick's operationalization of Gottfredson and Hirschi's criminality inducing the concept of low self-control. By applying confirmatory factor analysis procedures that incorporate advances in the application, the proposed six factor model and two alternative models were examined suggesting that Grasmick's low self-control scale actually contains 6 distinguishable factors, not a single factor. The factors identified to be consistent with the six-factor model were impulsivity, simple tasks, risk seeking, physical activities, self-centered, and temper.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.56 no.1
• /
• pp.235-252
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to construct and test a social relation model of youth school adjustment, based on Hirschi's social bonding theory and the previous findings in the area of youth school adjustment. The social relation model included parent-child relation, peer relation, and teacher-student relation variables. The sample consisted of two groups, 494 adolescents: 351 high school students and 143 adolescent residents at the shelter for runaways. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed. The main finding was that the social relation model of youth school adjustment was significant in explaining the general school adjustment and academic performance. Specifically, the better relations with parents, peer, and teachers, the higher the degree of youth school adjustment. Among the significant variables, teacher-students relation was the most important variable. Based on these results, this study provided some practical suggestions to effectively enhance the relations with teachers, peer, and parents.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.45-63
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the mediating effects of delinquent peers between attachment to parents, low self-control and adolescent deviant behaviors. After specifying a research model based on Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory of crime and Hirschi's control theory of delinquency, the study analysed the model using structural equation modeling. The data for this investigation came from a sample of 2,448 Korean adolescents. The results showed the both measurement model and structural model had a good fit to the data and all paths of structural model were statistically significant. The main findings were the attachment to parents and low self-control had direct and indirect effects on adolescent deviant behaviors through delinquent peers. The implications for practical intervention and further research in the field of delinquency were discussed.

• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.149-177
• /
• 2001

This is a study on age-crime curve in Korea. Three data was used in this study as following: First is the crime statistics as aggregated data. Second is the police record(N=3.541 offences) of the male ex-offenders(N=988) who have been released in eleven prisons in 1987 as individual data. Third is the self-reported group-interview data(N=10.198 offences) administered to the male prisoners(N=979) in ten correctional facilities including eight adult prisons, one juvenile prison and one juvenile training center as another individual data. Generally, the right-skewness of age-crime curve has been explained through the difference of crime rate between early starters and late starters. Moffitt explains that this is because of the higher participation rate of the juvenile period of adolescence-limited offenders, but Godttfredson and Hirschi explain that this is because of a similar distribution in the crime rate of both early starters and late starters. the analysis of this study shows that Godttfredson and Hirschi’s explanation on the generality of age-crime-curve distribution is correct, but this can be modified by various factors like a economic crisis. And the peak age of juvenile period is consistent with the Moffitt’s hypothesis that the peak age is contributed to the increase of crime rate of late starters, not with Godttfredson and Hirschi’s one.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.63-63
• /
• 2003

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
• /
• 1993.10a
• /
• pp.1003-1012
• /
• 1993

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of tillage and cropping management systems in reducing the movement of nitrate and pesticides in surface and sub-surface flow. Nitrate and pesticides in runoff and sub-surface tile flow have been monitored for two years from fields with various tillage and cropping management practices. Samples have also been obtained along the mainstream of the watershed. Concentrations of nitrate an pesticides differed little among specific sampling locations along the river, but they definitely followed a seasonal cycle. Nitrate concentrations from the tile drains varied considerably between fields depending upon the cropping management systems used, with concentrations varying seasonally as inthe river.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.44
• /
• pp.225-250
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study is to explore the relative influences of juvenile delinquency using variables from Hirschi's social bonding theory, Agnew's general strain theory, Gottfredson and Hirschi's self-control theory, and Akers' social learning theory. The data derived from a sample of 2,018 high school students taken from National Youth Policy Institute in 2013. Multiple OLS regression analysis indicated that social learning theory has the greatest impact on dependent variables than other theories. The results of regression analyses also explore the notion that without the social bond, general strain, and self-control variables, there is very little loss of explained variance when these variables are removed from the full equation. However, when the social learning factors are eliminated from the full equation, the change in $R^2$ is dramatic. This result supported the idea that social learning variables had the strongest effect on the juvenile delinquency of Korean adolescents. The most important implication of this study is that it is the first study to test four major theoretical models for juvenile delinquency in Korea. It also makes a number of important contributions toward the further utilization of social learning in investigating juvenile delinquency for Korean high school students.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.39
• /
• pp.217-239
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to compare with three juvenile delinquency theories on adolescents' status offenses including Hirschi's social bonding theory, Agnew's general strain theory, and Akers' social learning theory. The data derived from a sample of 2,337 middle school students taken from National Youth Policy Institute in 2011-2012. Multiple OLS regression analysis revealed that variables from social learning theory were strongly supported as an explanation for adolescents' status offenses, while variables from general strain theory were not supported. The social learning model explained 12.0% of the variance in adolescents' status offenses. However, general strain variables explained 2.6% of the variance in the dependant variable and 6.2% of the variance in adolescents' status offenses were explained by the social bonding variables. The present research made important contributions the further utilization of social learning in investigating many of the damaging forms of social deviance which exist in our society.