• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.56-63
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• 2006

This study examined the effects of the abdominal drawing-in (ADI) maneuver using a pressure biofeedback on muscle recruitment pattern of erector spinae and hip extensors and anterior pelvic tilt during hip extension in the prone position. Fourteen able-bodied volunteers, who had no medical history of lower extremity or lumbar spine disease, were recruited for this study. The muscle onset time of erector spinae, gluteus maximus, and medial hamstring and angle of anterior pelvic tilt during hip extension in prone position were measured in two conditions: ADI maneuver condition and non-ADI maneuver condition. Muscle onset time was measured using a surface electromyography (EMG). Kinematic data for angle of anterior pelvic tilt were measured using a motion analysis system. The muscle onset time and angle of anterior pelvic tilt were compared using a paired t-test. The study showed that in ADI maneuver during hip extension in prone position, the muscle onset time for the erector spinae was delayed significantly by a mean of 43.20 ms (SD 43.12), and the onset time for the gluteus maximus preceded significantly by a mean of -4.83 ms (SD 14.10) compared to non-ADI maneuver condition (p<.05). The angle of anterior pelvic tilt was significantly lower in the ADI maneuver condition by a mean of 7.03 degrees (SD 2.59) compared to non-ADI maneuver condition (15.01 degrees) (p<.05). The findings of this study indicated that prone hip extension with the ADI maneuver was an effective method to recruit the gluteus maximus earlier than erector spinae and to decrease anterior pelvic tilting.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.36-43
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the vastus medialis oblique muscle(VMO) had greater electrical activity than the vastus lateralis muscle(VL) when hip adduction and knee extension exercise were performed. Electrical activity of the VMO and VL was measured on 42 healthy subjects (28 men, 14 women) during maximal voluntary isometric contractions of hip adduction and knee extension by an EMG-BIOFEEDBACK. The results showed that the electromyographic activity of the VMO was significantly greater than that of the VL during the hip adduction exercise. Differences noted with knee extension by performing hip adduction exercises. Isometric hip adduction exercises, therefore, may be advisable in the treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2014

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships among the hip joint passive range of motion (ROM) and femur head anterior glide (FHAG) mobility on the gait ability in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis. METHODS: The participants were 37 patients (30 male, 7 female) living in Daejeon. The ROM of the hip joint was measured by using goniometry and the FHAG mobility was measured by using the Prone Figure-4 test. The walking ability was assessed by using the 10m walk test (10MWT), and the 6-min walk test (6MWT). RESULTS: The FHAG was negatively correlated with hip extension (r=-.554, p<.05) and flexion (r=-.337) on the affected side as well as with hip extension (r=-.480), abduction (r=-.361), and adduction (r=-.426) on the non-affected side (p<.05). The gait ability was correlated with the hip joint external rotation on the non-affected side (p<.05), but showed no significant correlation with the hip ROM on the affected side (p>.05). CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence that in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis, the FHAG mobility might be correlated with hip extension. Based on these results, the FHAG mobility may be used to determine the hip extension in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.80-86
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to compare the muscle activity of the abdominal and lumbar multifidus during unilateral prone hip extension on the floor and on a round foam roll. Fifteen healthy participants were recruited. They were instructed to perform a unilateral hip extension on the floor and on a round foam roll in the prone position. Surface electromyography (EMG) signals were recorded from bilateral lumbar multifidus (LM), external oblique (EO), and internal oblique (IO) muscles. A paired t-test was used to compare muscle activity, with the level of significance set at ${\alpha}$=.05. The results showed that bilateral LM, EO, IO EMG activity during right-hip extension on a round foam roll was greater than that on the floor, and EMG activity of bilateral LM, right EO, and left IO during left-hip extension on a round foam roll was greater than that on the floor (p<.05). These findings suggest that the unilateral hip-extension exercise on a round foam roll can be used to activate the lumbar multifidus and abdominal oblique muscles and causes a different increasing pattern between the two lifting sides.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1426-1434
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• 2018

This study was conducted to observe the isokinetic strength (IS) of the hip, ankle, and knee joints in young age groups. Thirty eight men and thirty one women with mean age of $30.4{\pm}3.5$ and $32.8{\pm}4.4years$, respectively, were enrolled in this study. Measurements of hip flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction at $30^{\circ}/sec$, Knee flexion and extension at $60^{\circ}/sec$, ankle inversion, eversion, plantarflexion, and dorsiflexion $30^{\circ}/sec$ were conducted. Absolute IS (Nm), relative IS (Nm/kg), strength ratios, correlations between movements were observed. Significant differences in absolute and relative strength were observed between groups in all movement except in the relative ankle strength. Relative isokinetic strength ratios of hip flexion/extension were .45 and .55, knee flexion/extension were .84 and .89, ankle dorsi/plantarflexion were .30 and .29, and ankle eversion/inversion were .86 and .84 for men and women, respectively. In the hip extension, men had about three times the body weight, and women had about 2.5 times the strength. The abduction muscle had about 1.5 times the body weight of both men and women. Height and body weight showed the significantly strong correlating relationship with hip (r, .76-.86) and knee (r, .67-.84) strength. However, ankle strength showed the comparatively correlating relationship, especially in women (r, .03 - .36). Similar age and physique characteristics of female and male groups could provide useful isokinetic strength reference values for developing the exercise program for healthy and rehabilitation groups.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.391-399
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• 2019

Purpose: This study investigated the three-dimensional moment values of the hip joint for subjects with artificial leg length alterations and subjects with unaltered leg lengths. Methods: Forty-two healthy adults (8 men, 34 women) participated in this study. The selected subjects were able to walk normally, had less than a 1 cm leg length discrepancy, and were instructed to wear shoes that fit their feet. The study participants performed 8 dynamic gait trails to measure the hip joint moment using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. Kinetic and dynamic three-dimensional gait analysis data were collected from infrared cameras, and a force plate was used to standardize the weight of each subject. Results: There were significant correlations between the differences in the leg length discrepancy during right extension, right flexion, right internal rotation, and left extension in hip joint moments (p<0.05). There were significant correlations between the differences in shoe conditions during left extension, right flexion, right extension, and right internal rotation in the hip moments (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that a leg length discrepancy can affect hip joint moment, which may further exacerbate musculoskeletal disorders, such as osteoarthritis in lower extremity joints. Therefore, further studies should be conducted to verify the impact of clinical interventions on differences in hip joint moment values to correct leg length discrepancies and prevent osteoarthritis in lower extremity joints.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.123-129
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the influence of hip abduction angle on the muscle activity of the Gluteus Maximus (GM), Biceps Femoris (BF) and Tensor Fascia Lata (TFL) during Knee Flexed Prone Hip Extension exercise. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 42 healthy individuals. All participant consented to participate in this study. Subjects performed exercise, using the Knee Flexed Prone Hip Extension exercise in three hip abduction position $0^{\circ}$, $15^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}$. Subjects rested two minutes, between changing hip abduction position. Data were analyzed using a Noraxon MR-XP 1.08 Master Edition EMG to determine average amplitude, for each angle and muscle. All data were processed by Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). There were a total of three groups. the GM muscle, BF muscle, TFL muscle. RESULTS: GM muscle activity was greatest in the $30^{\circ}$ hip abduction position (p<.05), followed by $0^{\circ}$. Between $0^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}$ has significant difference in muscle activity. However, the BF and TFL amplitude were greatest at $0^{\circ}$ hip abduction position followed by $30^{\circ}$. Moreover, the TFL differed significantly between $0^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}$, but, BF did not (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Hip abduction at $30^{\circ}$ was found to be the most appropriate position for GM muscle activity.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.183-189
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• 2023

The propose of this study was to investigate the effects of squat exercise using a reformer on muscle strength, range of motion, and gait in hip joint replacement patients. This study was conducted on 20 patients hospitalized at a rehabilitation hospital in G City. As an intervention method, the experimental group performed squat exercises using a reformer, and the control group performed squat exercises, 7 times a week for 2 weeks. In the within-group comparison of the reformer group, there was a significant difference in hip flexion, extension, and abduction strength (p<0.05). There were significant differences within the group in the range of motion of hip extension and abduction and gait in the Reformer group (p<0.05). In comparison between groups, significant differences occurred in hip extension strength, hip extension, abduction range of motion, and gait (p<0.05).

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.21-29
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• 2005

The Purpose of this study was to seek determinant factors through analysis of 65 snatch skill kinematic factors of Athletics participated in 2001 Asian weightlifting competetion. The conclusion were as follows ; 1. In order to enhance snatch skill, when barbell move on knee position, One should be flex knee joint to 105-110 degree, and In pull motion, One should be move powerful extension of knee and hip joint. 2. In last pull motion, One try to make more lock out motion than extra extention motion of hip joint 3. In order to enhance snatch skill, It is inportant that elevate barbell highly by last pull motion through powerful knee extention, poweful hip flextion and One should be make lock out motion fast in the same time. 4. In order to enhance snatch skill, anterior-posterior movement width of shoulder joint should be small. 5. In order to enhance snatch skill, Hip joint should be move vertically on start and lock out phase, but In pull phase, extension motion of hip joint shoulde be performed more largely and powerfully.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.68-77
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• 2023

Background: The weakness of the gluteus medius (GM) is associated with various musculoskeletal disorders. The increasing GM activity without synergistic dominance should be considered when prescribing pelvic drop exercise (PD). Isometric hip extension or flexion of the non-weight bearing leg using thera-band at the ankle during PD may influence hip abductor activities. Objects: To determine how isometric hip extension or flexion of the non-weight bearing leg using thera-band at the ankle during PD influences the activities of three subdivisions of GM (anterior, GMa; middle, GMm; posterior, GMp), tensor fasciae latae (TFL), contralateral quadratus lumborum (QL), and GMp/TFL, GMm/QL activity ratios in patients with GM weakness. Methods: Twenty-three patients with GM weakness were recruited. Three types of PD were performed: PD, PD with an isometric hip extension of the non-weight bearing leg (PDE), and PD with an isometric hip flexion of the non-weight bearing leg (PDF). Surface electromyography (SEMG) was used to measure hip abductor activities. One-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to assess the statistical significance of muscle activities and muscle activity ratios. Results: GMa, GMm, and GMp activities were significantly greater during PDF than during PD and PDE (p < 0.001, p = 0.001; p = 0.001, p = 0.005; p = 0.004, p = 0.004; respectively). TFL activity was significantly greater during PDE than during PD and PDF (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). QL activity was significantly greater during PDF than during PD (p = 0.003). GMp/TFL activity ratio was significantly lower during PDE than during PD and PDF (p = 0.001, p = 0.001, respectively). There were no significant differences in the GMm/QL activity ratio. Conclusion: PDF may be an effective exercise to increase the activities of all three GM subdivisions while minimizing the TFL activity in patients with GM weakness.