• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2022

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of the resistance levels on the muscle activities around the hip and spine during bridge exercise with hip abduction resistance in patients with chronic back pain. METHODS: A cross-over study design was used. Twenty subjects with low back pain were enrolled in this study. The subjects performed bridge exercises with hip abduction resistances (20 mmHg, 40 mmHg, and 60 mmHg). A Narrow Sling was used to provide resistance. Surface electromyography was used to measure the activity of the erector spinae, biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, and gluteus medius. RESULTS: The muscle activity of the gluteus maximus and gluteus medius increased significantly with increasing resistance levels. There was a significant difference in the muscle activity of the biceps femoris with a resistance level between 20 mmHg and 40 mmHg, but there was no significant difference in the other resistance levels. There was no significant difference according to resistance level in the erector spinae. The muscle activity ratios of the gluteus medius/erector spinae and gluteus maximus/erector spinae increased significantly with increasing resistance strength. CONCLUSION: The different levels of abduction resistance for hip abduction during bridge exercise will help activate the gluteus maximus selectively in patients with chronic back pain.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of abdominal muscle activation during unilateral leg raising in supine position among three hip abduction angles($0^{\circ}$, $15^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$). Methods : Twenty eight able-body volunteers who had no medical history of low back and hip joint were recruited for this study. Abdominal muscle activity was recorded using surface EMG from both sides of the rectus abdominis, internal/external oblique muscle during leg raising in each position. Results : The muscle activations induced under the three different positions were compared and results showed that there was significant difference only in the right external oblique muscle activation. Conclusion : This study suggest that leg raising of different hip abduction angles without trunk control has little influence on abdominal muscle co-activation.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of contralateral hip adduction (CHA) on thickness of lumbar stabilizers during hip abduction in side-lying. Twenty healthy subjects without back pain were recruited for this study. The thickness of transverse abdominis (TrA), internal oblique (IO) and quadratus lumborum (QL) were measured by ultrasonography. Pelvic lateral tilting motion was measured using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. Measurements were performed at rest position (RP), $35^{\circ}$preferred hip abduction (PHA) and $35^{\circ}$abduction with $10^{\circ}$contralateral hip adduction (CHA) in side-lying at the end of expiration. During the measurements, subjects were asked to maintain steady trunk alignment without hand support. Thickness of TrA and IO was significantly greater in CHA than in PHA and RP conditions. There was no significant difference in thickness of TrA and IO between PHA and RP conditions. Medio-lateral (M-L) thickness of QL was not significant between PHA and CHA conditions. Anterio-posterior (A-P) thickness of QL in PHA and CHA significantly decreased compared to RP condition. Angle of pelvic lateral tilting was significantly decreased in CHA compared to PHA condition. In conclusion, CHA can be recommended for increasing trunk stability without compensatory pelvic motion during hip abduction exercise in side-lying.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제24권8호통권197호
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• pp.130-137
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• 2007

The optimized prosthetic mass distribution was a controversial problem in the previous studies because they are not supported by empirical evidence. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of prosthetic mass properties by modeling musculoskeletal system, based on the gait analysis data from two above-knee amputees. The joint torque at hip joint was calculated using inverse dynamic analysis as the mass was changed in knee and foot prosthetic components with the same joint kinematics. The results showed that the peak flexion and abduction torque at the hip joint were 5 Nm and 15 Nm when the mass of the knee component was increased, greater than the peak flexion and abduction torque of the control group at the hip joint, respectively. On the other hand, when the mass of the foot component was increased, the peak flexion and abduction torque at the hip joint were 20 Nm and 15 Nm, greater than the peak flexion and abduction torque of the control, respectively. The hip flexion torque was 4.71-fold greater and 7.92-fold greater than the hip abduction torque for the knee mass increase and the foot mass increase on the average, respectively. Therefore, we could conclude that the effect of foot mass increase was more sensitive than that of knee mass increase for the hip flexion torque. On the contrary, the mass properties of the knee and foot components were not sensitive for the hip abduction torque. In addition, optimized prosthetic mass and appropriate mass distributions were needed to promote efficiency of rehabilitation therapy with consideration of musculoskeletal systems of amputees.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.152-159
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• 2023

Background: The gluteus medius (Gmed) plays a critical role in maintaining frontal plane stability of the pelvis during functional activities, such as one-leg lifting. Side-lying hip abduction (SHA) has been used as a dynamic test to evaluate Gmed function. However, the abduction force of the lower leg against the floor is not controlled during SHA. Therefore, hip abduction performance with contralateral adduction in the side-lying position (HAPCA) can be proposed as an alternative method to assess performance of hip abduction. If the number of HAPCA is related to the lateral pelvic shift distance, a new quantitative measurement for hip abductor function may be presented. Objects: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the number of successful HAPCA and the lateral pelvic shift distance during one-leg lifting. Methods: Thirty healthy participants were recruited, and lateral pelvic shift distance was measured during one-leg lifting test using two-dimensional analysis. The number of successful HAPCA was counted when participants touched both target bars at the beat of a metronome. Results: There was a negative correlation between the number of HAPCA and lateral pelvic shift distance during one-leg lifting (r = -0.630, p < 0.05). The number of HAPCA accounted for 39.7% of the variance in the lateral pelvic shift distance during one-leg lifting (F = 18.454, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The number of successful HAPCA is significantly correlated with lateral pelvic shift distance during one-leg lifting. This finding suggests that HAPCA can be proposed as a new measurement for hip abductor performance and more research is needed on its relationship with hip abductor strength.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of contralateral hip adduction (CHA) on the muscle activity of lumbar stabilizers and the angle of pelvic lateral tilting during hip abduction in side lying. Twenty healthy male subjects with no medical history of lower extremity or lumbar spine disorders were recruited for the study. Subjects randomly performed preferred hip abduction (PHA) and hip abduction with contralateral hip adduction in side lying. The muscle activities of the dominant side rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, quadratus lumborum, gluteus medius, and non-dominant side hip adductor longus were measured during PHA and CHA by using a surface electromyography (EMG) system. Pelvic lateral tilting motion was measured by using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. Data on EMG and pelvic motion were collected at the same time during PHA and CHA. A paired t-test was used to compare EMG activity and the angle of pelvic lateral tilting in the two exercises. The study found that the EMG activities of all muscles were more increased significantly in CHA than PHA condition. The angle of pelvic lateral tilting was more decreased significantly in CHA than PHA condition. These findings suggest that CHA could be recommended as a hip abduction exercise for activating lumbar stabilizers and decreasing compensatory pelvic lateral tilting motion.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of posterior oblique sling activation on the muscle activities of the gluteus maximus (GM), multifidus (MF), and biceps femoris (BF) during three different prone hip extension exercises in healthy male individuals. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects participated in this study. An electromyography device was used to measure the muscle activities of the GM, MF, and BF. Each subject was asked to perform three different prone hip extensions as follows: [1) Prone hip extension with knee flexion + hip abduction 30°; PHE1, 2) Prone hip extension with knee flexion + hip abduction 30° and shoulder abduction 125°; PHE2, 3) Prone hip extension with knee flexion + hip abduction 30° and shoulder abduction 125° with 1kg loading; PHE3, in random order. A one-way repeated measures analysis of the variance and a Bonferroni post hoc test were used to analyze the results. The statistical significance was set at α=0.01. Results: The muscle activity of the GM was significantly different between the three positions (P_adj<0.01). The muscle activity of the GM was significantly greater during PHE3 compared with PHE1 and PHE2 (P_adj<0.01). The BF muscle activity was significantly lower during PHE3 compared with PHE1 and PHE2 (P_adj< 0.01). There was no significant difference in the muscle activity of the MF (P_adj<0.01). The ratio of the muscle activity (ratio=GM/BF) during PHE3 was significantly greater compared to PHE1 and PHE2 (P_adj< 0.01). Conclusion: The GM activity and GM/BF ratio during the PHE3 exercise were significantly greater compared to that during PHE1 and PHE2. Therefore, the PHE3 exercise could be recommended as a selectively effective GM activation exercise while decreasing the muscle activity of the BF.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2016

PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the effects of side-lying hip abduction exercise with and without vibration on pain, disability, strength and balance in individuals with low back pain. METHODS: 30 participants enrolled in this study were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG, n=15) for side-lying hip abduction with vibration and a control group (CG, n=15) for side-lying hip abduction without vibration. Both groups were treated 3 times per week for 4 weeks. Pain (Numeric Rating Scale), disability (Korean Oswestry Disability Index), hip abductor muscle strength, and static balance were measured in both groups before and after the program. Results were analyzed using paired t-test for comparing the difference within the group and independent t-test for comparing the difference between two groups. RESULTS: Compared to the CG, the EG showed significantly greater reductions in pain and disability (p<.05). There was a significant difference in all balance categories of both the painful and non-painful sides within the EG (p<.05). Balance showed a significant decrease except the envelope area (ENV) on the non-painful side within the CG (p<.05). There was a significant increase in all balance categories except ENV of non-painful side between the two groups (p<.05). Balance increased on both the painful and non-painful sides in the EG. Balance improved on the painful side in the CG, but significantly decreased on the non-painful side (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Side-lying hip abduction exercise with vibration is considered an effective treatment for pain, disability and balance in individuals with low back pain.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.157-168
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) approach on the spasticity of affected side in patients with hemiplegia. Three subjects with hemiplegia participated in this study. In single-subject research design (a multiple baseline across individuals) was employed in this study. The intervention program including PNF to the unaffected side was introduced for 30 minutes each day during each intervention phase. Muscle tone of affected side was measured with Tone Assessment Scale, and active hip abduction distance of affected side was taken with the subject supine. And then the muscle tone and the hip abduction distance were measured again 30 minutes later following the intervention. The results showed that the PNF application had some beneficial effects on both muscle tone and active hip abduction. This result suggest that PNF application to non-paretic limb can be effective in reducing muscle tone and improving hip abduction range on paretic limb in persons with hemiplegia. However, further research is needed to prove the effect of PNF application on functional improvement.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2017

Background: To improve lumbo-pelvic stability, passive support devices (i.e., a pelvic belt) are recommended clinically. Nevertheless, to understand the influence of passive support on lumbo-pelvic stability, it is necessary to examine the influence of a pelvic belt on the abdominal and hip abductor muscles. Objects: To examine the effects of a pelvic belt on the forces of the hip adductor and abductor muscles and activity of the abdominal muscles during isometric hip adduction and abduction. Methods: This study recruited 14 healthy men. All subjects performed isometric hip adduction and abduction with and without a pelvic belt in a neutral hip position. Load cells, wrapped with a non-elastic belt, were placed above the medial and lateral malleoli of the dominant leg to measure the muscle forces of the hip adductors and abductors, respectively. The forces of the hip adductors and abductors were measured using a load cell during isometric hip adduction and abduction, while the electromyographic activities of the bilateral rectus abdominis, internal oblique, and external oblique muscles were measured. Results: The forces generated by the hip adductors and abductors were significantly greater with the pelvic belt than without (p<.05). No significant differences in abdominal muscle activities between the two conditions were found (p>.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that use of a pelvic belt could lead to effective strengthening exercise of hip muscles in individuals with sacroiliac joint pain.