• 환경영향평가
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.201-208
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• 2012

Global warming due to the climate change causes environmental problems such as urban heat island (UHI), air pollutant deposition, urban heavy rainfall, etc. Urban stream plays an important role on mitigating UHI as open space as well as an ecological corridor in urban area. In order to investigate the wind characteristics of urban stream in the case of Yangjae Stream at Daechi-dong, Gangnam-gu in Seoul, the wind direction and wind speed data were observed and analyzed using a propellor type RM-Young wind monitor. The results show that the prevailing wind direction was southwest. However, easterly wind is the prevailing one between 8:00 and 12:00. Strong wind whose Beaufort scale is four or more blew frequently from 12:00 to 18:00. In terms of seasonal frequency, the spring shows the highest frequency, then winter was the next.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.150-158
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• 2018

The deteriorating role of Nakdong River due to the Four Major Rivers Project has caused a series of problems, including water pollution, drying streams, aggravation of the hydroecology. Geumho River and Gyeongseong-cheon had a higher concentration index and is believed to impact the water quality of the main stream. The influence index of Geumho River and Nam River between 2015 and 2016, which have a large amount of discharge, was the highest among the tributaries in terms of the load material balance. Showing the highest average concentration and average load in the index assessment, Geumho River is believed to require an intensive management for improving the water quality of the main stream. Furthermore, when the cumulative percentage of the average concentration and average load was compared based on the water quality improvement of the tributaries mixed to Nakdong River, which was set to 60%, Geumho River, Nam River, Topyeong-cheon, and Cha-cheon, which showed the highest ratio in that order, were determined to require a water quality management program as a priority.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.63-74
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• 1990

The present study was accomplished from March to August, 1990 in order to examine the community structure of aquatic insects and the biological estimation of water pollution levels by the aquatic inseets of Kyungan stream in Kyunggi-do. 1. The aquatic inseets of whole area composed of 78 species, 42 genera, 26 families in 8 roders. 2. The occurrence species number show highest at Gungpyung-ri(29 species) and lowest at Yongin town(1 species) 3. Dominance indices show lowest at Gungpyung-ri(0.35) and highest at Yongin town(1.00) and Choboo-ri(1.00) 4. Species diversity indices show highest at Gungpyung-ri(3.53) and lowest at Yongin town(0.00) 5. The biological estimation of each area's water quality levels based on the diversity index are as follows. Oligosaprobic area : Gungpyung-ri, Muchu-ri $\alpha$ mesosaprobic area : Yooeun-ri, Choboo-ri(K4), upper site of Wangsanri, Yeuk-ri, Wangsan-ri. $\beta$ mesosaprobic area Gonjiam-ri, Dopyoung-ri, Kyungan-ri, Wondang-ri. Polysaprobic area : Yongin town, Choboo-ri(K5)

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.563-573
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• 1996

Macroinvertebrate contribution to the leaf litter breakdown of Carpinus cordata was estimated at headwater streams at Mt. Jumbong (38°03'N, 128°25'E) during spring and winter spring by using two types of litter bag. Coarse-mesh bags with 10 g of leaf letter were placed in a 1st-order stream in April (the spring experiment) and December 1995 (the winter-spring experiment). Fine-mesh bags with 5 g of leaf letter were placed in a nearby 3ed-order steam. The breakdown of Carpinus in coarse-mesh bags was rapid, and, in terms of season, leaf litter processed rapidly during spring. daily mass loss rates of leaf litter (-k±1 SE) were highest for coarse-mesh bags in the spring experiment (-0.0429±0.0048), followed by coarse-mesh bags in the winter-spring (-0.0146±0.0014), fine-mesh bags in the spring (-0.0078±0.0004), fine-mesh bags in the winter-spring experiment (-0.0054±0.0005). Macroinvertebrate contribution to the litter breakdown was estimated by the difference of % leaf letter remaining between coarse -mesh bage and fine-mesh bags. Although shredders were more abundant during the winter-spring, their contribution was greater during the spring (50%) than the winter-spring (22∼33%). This result appeared to be due to the change in the chemical composition of leaf letter during processing, and to the seasonal growth patterns of major shredder taxa.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.39-53
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• 2019

서식처 유형에 따른 배스의 식성을 비교하기 위해 하천과 저수지에서 2016년 4월부터 9월까지 306개체의 배스를 채집한 후 먹이생물을 분석하였다. 그 결과 하천과 저수지에 서식하는 배스의 가장 중요한 먹이생물은 어류로 확인되었다. 그러나 저수지에 서식하는 배스의 소화관 내용물에는 어류뿐 아니라 갑각류와 곤충류의 비율도 높게 나타나 하천에 서식하는 배스와 섭식 차이를 보였다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제100권2호
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• pp.142-148
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• 2011

본 연구는 밤나무림, 소나무림 개벌조림지로 이용되고 있는 산지소유역에서 임상별 계류수질의 차이와 변화를 분석하고, 이를 먹는물 수질기준과의 비교를 통하여 얻은 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 세 임분의 계류수 pH는 소나무임분(pH 7.18) >밤나무임분(pH 6.90) >개벌조림지(pH 6.82) 순으로 나타났다. 전기전도도는 개벌조림지 >밤나무임분 >소나무임분의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 양이온은 세 조사구의 계류수 모두 $Ca^{2+}$, $Na^{+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $K^{+}$, $NH_{4}{^{+}}$의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 음이온은 밤나무임분과 소나무임분 계류수에서는 $SO_{4}{^{2-}}$, $Cl^{-}$, $NO_{3}{^{-}}$의 순으로 높게 나타났으나, 개벌조림지 계류수에서는 $SO_{4}{^{2-}}$, $NO_{3}{^{-}}$, $Cl^{-}$의 순으로 높게 나타나 차이를 보이고 있다. 세 조사구의 계류수 간에 차이를 살펴보기 위하여 각 임분별 수질의 변화에 대한 다중검정을 실시한 결과 12개 항목 중에서 pH, EC, $NO^{3-}$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Na^{+}$, $Cl^{-}$, TNU, Color 9개 항목들은 임분 간에 유의성이 인정되므로 각 임분별 수질의 차이가 나타났다. 특히, 개벌조림지는 식재목 성장을 위한 비료의 시용으로 인하여 밤나무림과 소나무림에 비해 오염지표라 할 수 있는 EC, $NO{^{3-}}$, $SO_{4}{^{2-}}$, $Cl^{-}$, 탁도, 색도 등이 높은 것으로 보아 임지 이용에 따라 수질에 영향이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 각 임분별 계류수의 pH, $NH_{4}{^{+}}$, $Cl^{-}$, $SO_{4}{^{2-}}$, $NO_{3}{^{-}}$는 먹는물 기준이하를 나타내어 수질이 비교적 양호한 편으로 나타났으나, 탁도와 색도의 수치는 모든 임분에서 먹는물 기준을 초과하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 도시주변 산림지역은 토사 유출로 인하여 탁수화 및 밤나무 재배지는 시비 등으로 수질오염이 예상되므로 계류수를 식수화하기 위해서는 간이 수질정화시설과 같은 적절한 대비책이 마련되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.11-23
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• 1989

This study was performed to investigate present water quality and pollution characteristics of them in the basin area of the Mankyung river near Chonju urban stream. In order to obtain the pollution characteristics of this investigation, the physio-chemical water analysis as temperature, pH, DO, BOD, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn, and coliform group and their correlation analysis were determined from March to August 1988. The main results were summarized as follows 1. Each chemical constituent detected in three streams has the following variation range as pH(6.7-7.3), DO(1.3-8.9 mg/l), BOD(1.6-162.5mg/l) and water temperature was dominated by atmospheric temperature. 2. In three streams, concentration range of heavy metal was Cd N.D.-2.8 $\mu$g/l, Cu 1.1-10.2 $\mu$g/l, Pb 2.1-13.2 $\mu$g/l and Zn 25.6-62.2 $\mu$g/l, and was shown the order of Zn, Pb, Cu and Cd. 3. In the investigation on the bacteriological pollution-in the three streams. 1) The average number of general bacteria contaminated in the Chonju urban stream was $1.7 \times 10^{5}$ numbers/ml, which was higher than $2.6 \times 10^{2}$ numbers/ml, in the Gosan stream and 1.6 $\times$ 10 numbers/ml in the Mankyung river. 2) The average number of total coliform, fecal coliform and fecal streptococcus contaminated in the Chonju urban stream which was the highest polluted site than those of the other sampling sites were respectively $2.1 \times 10^{5}$, $2.1 \times 10^{5}$ and $9.6 \times 10^{4}$ MPN/100ml. 4. Correlation coefficient between GB and TC in the Chonju stream, Gosan stream and Mankyung river was respectively 0.99, 0.96 and 0.99, Correlation coefficient between TC and FC in Chonju stream, Gosan stream and Mankyung river was respectively 0.99, 0.97 and 0.99 and correlation coefficient between FC and TC was respectively 0.99, 0.91 and 0.99. This results mean positively dose relationship between them. 5. The occupied percentage of FC of TC in the Chonju stream, Gosan stream and Mankyung river was respectively 88.1%, 68.4% and 77.9% and the percentage of Tc of TS was respectively 43.5%, 31.6% and 41.4%. These .results was considered indicative of pollution derived from domestic wastes which had been contaminated by the feces of inhabitants and domestic animals.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.311-324
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• 2004

전라남도 보성강에 축조된 주암댐의 집수유역 내 하상퇴적물을 대상으로 중금속의 오염현황과 거동 특성을 알아보았다. 주암댐의 집수유역에는 많은 폐금속 및 탄광이 위치하고 있어 주암댐 호저퇴적물에 잠재적인 오염원으로 작용할 수 있다. 집수유역 내 하상퇴적물의 중금속 함량(Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn)은 매우 낮기 때문에 주암댐의 호저퇴적물에 영향을 줄 것으로 판단되지 않는다. 하지만 폐금속광산지역 내 하상퇴적물의 Pb 함량은 하류로 갈수록 증가하는 경향을 보여, Pb의 오염 확산이 우려된다. 폐금속광산의 환경을 고려한 강산성 조건의 용출실험결과, 하상퇴적물의 용출비로부터 결정된 중금속의 상대적 이동도는 Pb＞Zn=Cu＞Ni＞Cr으로서, Pb이 주암댐 호저퇴적물에 영향을 미치는 원소가 될 수 있음을 지시해준다. 한편 댐으로 유입한 퇴적물이 호저에 놓이게 되면(즉, 환원환경), Pb의 이동도가 비교적 높게 나타나 물-퇴적물 경계에서 Pb의 수중으로 재용출될 수 있다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2021

Recently, the deterioration of water quality in Wonju stream has been reported due to the increase in diverse pollution sources along with community development and urbanization. Various types of attempts with a huge budget were made for better water quality so far, but its effectiveness is still doubted. In order to establish site-oriented measures for water quality improvement, the topographic and hydrologic factors were evaluated based on site inspection and survey. As the major streams merged into the Wonju stream, the Hwa and Heungyang streams were found to have higher pollution loads and contributions compared to other streams due to the scattered livestock farms and industries, and vulnerable land use. Notably, the discharge water from the Wonju Public Sewage Treatment Plant had the highest level of pollution load, impacting on the water quality of Wonju Stream. According to the SWAT model as water quality measures, the improvement effect of water quality in this treatment plant can be reached to the reductions in BOD 11.06%, T-N 23.56%, T-P 10.60% when the proper managements applied, whereas the improvement of water quality would be 3.89%, 1.23%, and 3.32% for BOD, T-N, T-P, respectively, for the industries. The reduction of the livestock industry was generally very high as a pollution source, but it was not much higher at the end of Wonju Stream than other measures. These results recommended that the water q uality improvement measures should be designated for each upper-middle-lower section in Wonju stream.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.129-140
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• 2019

춘천시 소재 농경지 소하천인 마장천이 가진 생물서식처로서의 특이성을 알아보고자, 2016년 6월부터 2016년 9월까지 물리적 환경과 어류를 조사하였다. 마장천은 고도차가 3m인 완만한 하천으로, 유속은 $0.09-0.48m{\cdot}s^{-1}$의 범위를 보였고, 하상구조는 St. 3를 제외한 전 지점이 50% 이상 clay로 이루어져 있었다. 마장천에서 채집된 어류는 총 9과 22종 2,532개체였고, 이 중 납자루아과(Acheilognathinae)나 붕어(Carassius auratus) 등의 정수성 어종과, 피라미(Zacco platypus)나 대륙송사리(Oryzias sinensis) 등 부유성 어종이 주로 출현하였다. 마장천에 대한 어류서식처 특성을 조사한 결과 고도차가 3m인 완만한 하천이었고, 축척 1:25,000에서 1차 하천이었다. 마장천의 어류상 결과와 기 보고된 문헌들의 자료를 참고하여 대응분석을 수행한 결과, 마장천은 강원도 지역 하천보다 경기도 서해안 인근 하천에 가까운 경향을 나타내면서, 두 지역들과는 독립된 그룹으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 마장천은 어류군집이 독특하면서도 특이성이 있는 하천이었으며, 앞으로도 지속적인 연구가 필요하다고 판단된다.