• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1053-1062
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• 2010

To assist the further development of hight-visibility clothing this study compared the visibility and subjective wear sensation of commercial protective vests with retro-reflecting materials or LEDs. Nine subjects compared high-visibility vests to evaluate how easy they were to see when exposed to the headlight of a car at night, and the subjects assessed the wear sensation of the vests also. The intensity and visibility of five different colored LEDs assembled on the five substrates separately were also evaluated to select the suitable LED color for night protective clothing. The intensity of illumination was measured by an illuminometer, and the visibility was evaluated by 11 participants both in a dark room and in front of a car outdoors at night. Results showed, the most effective LEDs were high intensity LEDs which shift blinking red and white were most effective. However, excessively high intensity of illumination could decrease the working efficiency. In subjective wear evaluation, the most favorable vest had a front opening, were adjustable at the sides, and had an electric power switch on the front of the vest.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.147-150
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• 2008

We have developed a 3.1-inch diagonal 2D/3D LCD with a novel pixel arrangement, called HDDP (Horizontally Double-Density Pixels), for high-quality 3D images. We have improved 3D visibility by broadening the 3D viewing zone where high-quality images can be seen, and we propose optical characterization methods which can evaluate the high-visibility autostereoscopic displays correctly.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 1993

In order to study on the cause of visibility aggravation, we have selected the days of low-visibility observed in Seoul with haziness that was below 6km from 12 to 15 LST. According to the examinations, the number of low-visibility days satisfying the criteria is 30 days in 1989, 39 days in 1990, and 35 days in 1991, respectively. The annual number of low visibility days appears to increase mainly due to an increase in emission of air pollutants and in anthropogenic water vapor in the biosphere. The relationship between visibility and air pollutants(TSP, $NO_2, SO_2, O_3$) of selected days is also studied. Air pollution concentrations of selected days are much higher than those of other days. It is observed that the cause of visibility aggravation in Seoul is mainly smog and air pollutants. In particular, the visibility reduction and high $SO_2$ concentrations at Seoul in winter are similar phenomena that occurring with London smog, while the visibility reduction and high $O_3$ concentrations at Seoul in summer are also similar to the type of Los Angeles smog.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.385-388
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• 2000

Visibility reduction is a barometer of air pollution which people can notice easily. First of all we need to measure quantified visibility continuously in order to examine visibility reduction. Prevailing visibility is not practical to measure visibility depending on observer's expertness. Scattering visibility using Forward Scattering Meter(Belfort Visibility Sensor 6230) has been measured at Kwangan-Dong in Pusan and analysed since July 1998. According to the analysis the correlation coefficient(R) between prevailing visibility and scattering visibility was 0.7235. The visibility appeared that each frequency of poor visibility(under 6km) and good visibility(over 25km) was 10.6%, 9.7% on summertime in Pusan and the visibility range from 10km to 20km ranked high frequency as a half of whole ranges. The order of correlation coefficients between visibility an air pollutants are ranking CO. PM10 and NO2 that values are 0.5878, 0.5369,l 0.5284 respectively. In meteorolgical factor the case of poor visibility presented more weakly wind speed and higher relative humidity than the case of good visibility. The correlation coefficient between calculated visibility of multiple linear regression model and observed visibility was 0.7215. But the trend of calculated and observed visibility variation was similar with the exception of several good visibility cases.

• Atmosphere
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.391-404
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• 2020

To understand the characteristics of the relationship between visibility and particulate matter (PM) in different meteorological conditions, we investigated the contributions of PM and relative humidity (RH) to visibility in Seoul, South Korea. For the period from 2001 to 2018, both PM and RH show descending trends, resulting in a visibility increase. PM has little impact on the hourly variation of visibility, which could be explained more by the RH variability. Meanwhile, the daily change of PM accounts for daily visibility variation. For the monthly variation of visibility, both PM and RH showed similar influence. The correlation coefficients of PM10, PM2.5, and RH with visibility was -0.486, -0.644, and -0.556, respectively, which became higher during the high PM seasons of spring and winter. The correlation coefficient between PM2.5 and visibility was -0.454 for RH higher than 80%, and -0.780 for RH between 40% and 60%. From 2017 to 2018, there were 10 cases of extreme visibility impairment, among which five cases were incurred by high PM pollution, and two cases were by high humidity. Further analysis with PM chemical composition measurements is required to better understand the characteristics of visibility in Seoul.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1992

Using data measured in 1989, a study on variations of visibility and air pollution observed in Seoul, Chongju and Choopoongryong is carried out. Analysis includes on low visibility (< 10km) and smog occurring in the Metropolitan Seoul. It was observed that number of days of visibility less than 10km during 1989 was 56.7% (207 days) for Seoul, 45.7%(167 days) for Chongju and 5.8% (21 days) for Choopoongryong. Chongju is a medium size city (population : a half million) and Choopoongryong is a rural site. In the urban are as, however, the number of low visibility days was relatively large during the winter but with little seasonal variations. In each month these cities recorded more than 10 days of low visibility. The visibility reduction due to mist, fog and haze been occurred with air pollution. In particular, the reduction in a cold season related with an increase in high concentrations of $SO_x$ and aerosols. This type of low visibility occurring in Seoul is a similar type that is occurring in London, U.K. On the other hand, the visibility reduction during in a warm season is related with high concentrations of NOx and other photochemical precursors. The visibility reduction in Seoul during summer is the same type occurring in Los Angeles, U.S.A.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.539-553
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• 2016

This study investigated the influence of consumers' self-construal and self-monitoring on brand product preference by moderating brand visibility. Brand visibility consisted of product typicality and brand salience. The study results showed that respondents preferred products with high product typicality and low brand salience. Respondents with interdependent self-construal and high self-monitoring also showed a higher preference for high product typicality and low brand salience versus respondents with independent self-construal and low self-monitoring. Respondents preferred a product when they recognized a brand name, but brand visibility should be exposed naturally. Based on these results, this study has practical implications for the importance of maintaining brand identity and the appropriacy of brand logo size.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.535-542
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate how $PM_{10}$ concentration and Relative Humidity (RH) affected visibility in Jinju, Korea. A 9-yr dataset of 1 h averages for visibility, $PM_{10}$, and RH data was analyzed to examine the correlation between these variables. On average, visibility decreased by 1.4 km for every $10{\mu}g/m^3$ increase in $PM_{10}$ and by 2.1 km for every 10% increase in RH. In general, a negative correlation was observed between visibility and and $PM_{10}$ concentration. However, under conditions of low $PM_{10}$ concentration(< $15{\mu}g/m^3$) and visibility(< 2 km), there was a positive correlation between these two variables. In this case, RH levels were high (> 75%). A high correlation analysis between two variables need to be under control conditions with RH < 75%, $PM_{10}$ $15{\sim}100{\mu}g/m^3$, and visibility > 2 km.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.358-365
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• 2023

As the Internet is used as a major channel for marketing and sales, the top ranking of search engine results is becoming a key competitor among websites. Various methods exist to maintain the top ranking of websites in search engines, typically investing heavily in organic coding or search engine optimization. The purpose of this paper, we present the ranking by recognizing factors that should be removed as negative factors when designing a web page in consideration of website visibility (SEO) because if website visibility is not met, the ranking may fall behind or be completely removed from the search engine index. The experiments that recognized and ranked the negative factors of website visibility proposed in this paper were provided through theory and experiments based on the existing website visibility analysis model. The models analyzed in this paper, we expressed or quantified as scores based on the methodology of each model, and 10 items were selected as negative factors through experiments and ranked as high scores. Therefore, when designing a website, it should be considered that the website is not removed from the search engine index as it is designed by excluding high-ranking items, which are negative factors.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.471-478
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• 2022

In roadside workplaces, more attention should be paid to the safety of workers. The roadside workers underestimate the effect of the brightness of their clothes and judge that drivers will recognize them easily, and the drivers misjudge that the roadside workers are far away and that the vehicle can be stopped in sufficient time. Therefore, customized safety education reflecting this and wearing work clothes with certified visibility functions are required. In Korea, it is not compulsory for roadside workers and vehicle guide attendants to wear work clothes with a visibility function. In this study, the distance ahead perceived by drivers was measured using manikins wearing certified and non-certified reflective safety vests. The perception distance of the non-certified reflective safety vest was 1.4 times longer than that of the certified reflective safety vest, thus confirming the importance of wearing a certified reflective safety vest. To prevent roadside workers from suffering traffic accidents, we propose the enactment of a law that makes it mandatory for them to wear high-visibility safety clothing. Specifically, Article 32 of the Enforcement Regulation of the Road Traffic Act should include high-visibility safety clothing in life protection equipment, and additionally, to prevent secondary accidents, we propose the enactment of a law requiring the installation and wearing of certified reflective safety vests in vehicles.