• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.50 no.5
• /
• pp.83-93
• /
• 2013

Recently, the SURF algorithm, which is conjugated for object tracking system as part of many computer vision applications, is a well-known scale- and rotation-invariant feature detection algorithm. The SURF, due to its high computational complexity, there is essential to develop a hardware accelerator in order to be used on an IP in embedded environment. However, the SURF requires a huge local memory, causing many problems that increase the chip size and decrease the value of IP in ASIC and SoC system design. In this paper, we proposed a way to design a SURF algorithm in hardware with greatly reduced local memory by partitioning the algorithms into several Sub-IPs using external memory and a DMA. To justify validity of the proposed method, we developed an example of simplified object tracking algorithm. The execution speed of the hardware IP was about 31 frame/sec, the logic size was about 74Kgate in the 30nm technology with 81Kbytes local memory in the embedded system platform consisting of ARM Cortex-M0 processor, AMBA bus(AHB-lite and APB), DMA and a SDRAM controller. Hence, it can be used to the hardware IP of SoC Chip. If the image processing algorithm akin to SURF is applied to the method proposed in this paper, it is expected that it can implement an efficient hardware design for target application.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
• /
• v.42 no.12
• /
• pp.149-158
• /
• 2005

This paper proposes a congestion avoidance algorithm which provides stable throughput and transmission rate regardless of buffer size by limiting the TCP congestion window in fixed bandwidth networks. Additive Increase, Multiplicative Decrease (AIMD) is the most commonly used congestion control algorithm. But, the AIMD-based TCP congestion control method causes unnecessary packet losses and retransmissions from the congestion window increment for available bandwidth verification when used in fixed bandwidth networks. In addition, the saw tooth variation of TCP throughput is inappropriate to be adopted for the applications that require low bandwidth variation. We present an algorithm in which congestion window can be limited under appropriate circumstances to avoid congestion losses while still addressing fairness issues. The maximum congestion window is determined from delay information to avoid queueing at the bottleneck node, hence stabilizes the throughput and the transmission rate of the connection without buffer and window control process. Simulations have performed to verify compatibility, steady state throughput, steady state packet loss count, and the variance of congestion window. The proposed algorithm can be easily adopted to the sender and is easy to deploy avoiding changes in network routers and user programs. The proposed algorithm can be applied to enhance the performance of the high-speed access network which is one of the fixed bandwidth networks.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.78-88
• /
• 2014

Now, UTIS collects and provides traffic information by building RSE 1,150(unit) and OBE about 51,000(vehicle). it's inevitable to enlarge traffic information sources which use to improve quality of UTIS traffic information for Stabilizing UTIS's service. but there are missing data sections. And, In this study as a way to overcome these problems, based on BIS(Bus information system) installed and operating in the capital area to develop normal vehicle's link transit time estimation model which is used realtime collecting BMS data, we'll utilize the model to provide missing data section's information. For these problem, we selected partial section of suwon-city, anyang-city followed by drive only way or not and conducted model estimating and verification each of BMS data and UTIS traffic information. Consequently, Case2,4,6,8 presented highly credibility between UTIS communication data and estimated value but In the Case 3,5 we determined to replace communication data of UTIS' missing data section too hard for large error. So we need to apply high credibility model formula adjusting road managing condition and the situation of object section.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.10 no.6
• /
• pp.609-616
• /
• 2017

In this paper, we propose an algorithm to obtain more stable and high recognition rate by using left and right rotation information of input image in order to obtain a stable recognition rate in face recognition. The proposed algorithm uses the facial image as the input information in the web camera environment to reduce the size of the image and normalize the information about the brightness and color to obtain the improved recognition rate. We apply Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to the detected candidate regions to obtain feature vectors and classify faces. Also, In order to reduce the error rate range of the recognition rate, a set of data with the left and right $45^{\circ}$ rotation information is constructed considering the directionality of the input face image, and each feature vector is obtained with PCA. In order to obtain a stable recognition rate with the obtained feature vector, it is after scattered in the eigenspace and the final face is recognized by comparing euclidean distant distances to each feature. The PCA-based feature vector is low-dimensional data, but there is no problem in expressing the face, and the recognition speed can be fast because of the small amount of calculation. The method proposed in this paper can improve the safety and accuracy of recognition and recognition rate faster than other algorithms, and can be used for real-time recognition system.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.359-369
• /
• 2020

In this paper, we proposed a charge pump (CP) circuit that has a wide operating range while reducing the current mismatch for the PLL that generates the main clock of the CMOS X-Ray detector. The operating range and current mismatch of the CP circuit are determined by the characteristics of the current source circuit for the CP circuit. The proposed CP circuit is implemented with a wide operating current mirror bias circuit to secure a wide operating range and a cascode structure with a large output resistance to reduce current mismatch. The proposed wide operating range cascode CP circuit was fabricated as a chip using a 350nm CMOS process, and current matching characteristics were measured using a source measurement unit. At this time, the power supply voltage was 3.3 V and the CP circuit current ICP = 100 ㎂. The operating range of the proposed CP circuit is △VO_Swing=2.7V, and the maximum current mismatch is 5.15 % and the maximum current deviation is 2.64 %. The proposed CP circuit has low current mismatch characteristics and can cope with a wide frequency range, so it can be applied to systems requiring various clock speed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.11 no.11
• /
• pp.4460-4467
• /
• 2010

Recent advances in computer technology have brought more dependence on software to railway systems and changed to computer systems. Hence, the reliability and safety assurance of the vital software running on the embedded railway system is going to tend toward very critical task. Accordingly, various software test and validation activities are highly recommended in the international standards related railway software. In this paper, we presented an automated analysis tool and standard for software testing coverage in railway system, and presented its result of implementation. We developed the control flow analysis tool estimating test coverage as an important quantitative item for software safety verification in railway software. Also, we proposed judgement standards due to railway S/W Safety Integrity Level(SWSIL) based on analysis of standards in any other field for utilizing developed tool widely at real railway industrial sites. This tool has more advantage of effective measuring various test coverages than other countries, so we can expect railway S/W development and testing technology of real railway industrial sites in Korea.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.141-148
• /
• 2021

In some intersections or busy traffic roads, there are more pedestrians in a specific period of time, and there are many traffic accidents caused by road congestion. Especially at the intersection where there are schools nearby, it is particularly important to protect the traffic safety of students in busy hours. In the past, when designing traffic lights, the safety of pedestrians was seldom taken into account, and the identification of motor vehicles and traffic optimization were mostly studied. How to keep the road smooth as far as possible under the premise of ensuring the safety of pedestrians, especially students, will be the key research direction of this paper. This paper will focus on person, motorcycle, bicycle, car and bus recognition research. Through investigation and comparison, this paper proposes to use YOLO v4 network to identify the location and quantity of objects. YOLO v4 has the characteristics of strong ability of small target recognition, high precision and fast processing speed, and sets the data acquisition object to train and test the image set. Using the statistics of the accuracy rate, error rate and omission rate of the target in the video, the network trained in this paper can accurately and effectively identify persons, motorcycles, bicycles, cars and buses in the moving images.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.15 no.5
• /
• pp.405-412
• /
• 2022

This paper studies the method of estimating power loss and classifying the factors for improving the power generation efficiency through O&M. It is installed under various climatic conditions worldwide, operational and maintenance technologies suitable for the characteristics of the installation location are required. Existing studies related to solar power generation efficiency have been actively quantifying the impact on short-term losses by environmental factors such as high temperature, dust accumulation, precipitation, humidity, and wind speed, but analysis of the overall impact from a long-term operation perspective is limited. In this study, the potential for efficiency improvement was analyzed by re-establishing a loss classification system according to the power flow of solar power to derive a comprehensive efficiency model for long-term operation and estimating power loss through a case study for each region where climate conditions are classified. As a result of the analysis, the average annual potential for improving soiling loss was 26.9%, Death Valley 7.2%, and Seoul 3.8%. Aging losses was 6.6% in the 20th year as a cumulative. The average annual potential due to temperature loss was 2.9 % for Doha, 1.9% for Death Valley, and 0.2% for Seoul.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.230-238
• /
• 2023

Small and medium-sized food manufacturing enterprises are largely reliant on manual labor, from inputting raw materials to palletizing the final product. Recently, there has been a trend toward smartness and digitization through the implementation of robotics and sensor data technology. In this study, we examined the effectiveness of improvement through 3D simulation on two repetitive work processes within a food manufacturing company. These processes involve workers whose speed cannot match the capacity of the applied equipment. Two manual processes were selected: the weighing and packing process performed by workers after skewer assembly, and the manual batch process of counting randomly delivered frozen foods, packing (both internal and external), and palletizing. The production volume, utilization rate, and number of workers were chosen as verification indicators. As a result of the simulation for improving the 3D process, production increased by 13.5% and 56.8% compared to the existing process, respectively. This was particularly evident in the process of applying palletizing robots. In both processes, as the utilization rate and number of input workers decreased, robots could replace tasks with high worker fatigue, thereby reducing work overload. This study demonstrates the potential to visually compare the process flow improvement using 3D simulations and confirms the possibility of pre-validation for improvement.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.133-146
• /
• 2013

While the use of internet is routine nowadays, users receive and share information through a variety of media. Through the use of internet, information delivery media is diversifying from traditional media of one-way communication, such as newspaper, TV, and radio, into media of two-way communication. In contrast of traditional media, blogs enable individuals to directly upload and share news, which can be considered to have a differential speed of information diffusion than news media that convey information unilaterally. Therefore this Study focused on the difference between online news and social media blogs. Moreover, there are variations in the speed of information diffusion because that information closely related to one person boosts communications between individuals. We believe that users' standard of evaluation would change based on the types of information. As well, the speed of information diffusion would change based on the level of proximity. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the differences in information diffusion based on the types of media. And then information is segmentalized and an examination is done to see how information diffusion differentiates based on the types of information. This study used the Bass diffusion model, which has been frequently used because this model has higher explanatory power than other models by explaining diffusion of market through innovation effect and imitation effect. Also this model has been applied a lot in other information diffusion related studies. The Bass diffusion model includes an innovation effect and an imitation effect. Innovation effect measures the early-stage impact, while the imitation effect measures the impact of word of mouth at the later stage. According to Mahajan et al. (2000), Innovation effect is emphasized by usefulness and ease-of-use, as well Imitation effect is emphasized by subjective norm and word-of-mouth. Also, according to Lee et al. (2011), Innovation effect is emphasized by mass communication. According to Moore and Benbasat (1996), Innovation effect is emphasized by relative advantage. Because Imitation effect is adopted by within-group influences and Innovation effects is adopted by product's or service's innovation. Therefore, ours study compared online news and social media blogs to examine the differences between media. We also choose different types of information including entertainment related information "Psy Gentelman", Current affair news "Earthquake in Sichuan, China", and product related information "Galaxy S4" in order to examine the variations on information diffusion. We considered that users' information proximity alters based on the types of information. Hence, we chose the three types of information mentioned above, which have different level of proximity from users' standpoint, in order to examine the flow of information diffusion. The first conclusion of this study is that different media has similar effect on information diffusion, even the types of media of information provider are different. Information diffusion has only been distinguished by a disparity between proximity of information. Second, information diffusions differ based on types of information. From the standpoint of users, product and entertainment related information has high imitation effect because of word of mouth. On the other hand, imitation effect dominates innovation effect on Current affair news. From the results of this study, the flow changes of information diffusion is examined and be applied to practical use. This study has some limitations, and those limitations would be able to provide opportunities and suggestions for future research. Presenting the difference of Information diffusion according to media and proximity has difficulties for generalization of theory due to small sample size. Therefore, if further studies adopt to a request for an increase of sample size and media diversity, difference of the information diffusion according to media type and information proximity could be understood more detailed.