• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.91-95
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• 2018

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia-associated pulmonary hypertension (BPD-PH) is increasingly being recognized as a cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Recently, BPD-PH has also been shown to have additional long-term negative effects on neurodevelopmental outcomes and right ventricular function. Several significant risk factors associated with the development of BPD-PH have been identified. A screening strategy for BPD-PH is needed for infants presenting more than one risk factor. In addition, an early echocardiogram within 14 days of age may be a useful tool to identify infants at high-risk for BPD-PH. We have reviewed recent progress in research concerning clinical characteristics, presentation, and outcomes of BPD-PH and have suggested direction for future studies.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2011

Since 'The Act on Private Investment of The Infrastructure' was established in 1994, private investment as well as government's investment in transport infrastructure has been active. However investment in transport infrastructure has more risks than others' due to uncertainty both in traffic volume and in construction cost. In the current appraisal procedure of deciding transportation infrastructure investment, instead of risk management, the sensitivity analysis considering only the changes of benefit, cost and social discount rate which are main factor affecting economic feasibility is carried out. Therefore the uncertainty of various factors affecting demand, cost and benefit are not considered in feasibility study. In this study the problems in current investment appraisal system were reviewed. Using Delphi technique the major factors which have high uncertainty in feasibility study were surveyed and then improvement plan was suggested in the respective of classic 4 step demand forecasting method. The range estimation technique was also mentioned to deal with the uncertainty of the future.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1257-1264
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• 2011

Delirium is a neuropsychiatric disorder accompanying symptoms of hallucination, drowsiness, and tremors. It has high occurrence rates among elders, heart disease patients, and burn patients. It is a medical emergency associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates. That s why early detection and prevention of delirium ar significantly important. And This mental illness like delirium occurred by complex interaction between risk factors. In this paper, we identify risk factors and interactions between these factors for delirium using multi-factor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.262-268
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• 2014

Background: The development of diagnostic techniques and an awareness of health examinations can bring about an early diagnosis of lung cancer. However, appropriate postoperative management and adjuvant chemotherapy remain under debate in postoperative therapeutic strategy. The present study was conducted to assess the clinicopathologic factors that influence recurrence and prognosis after complete resection of lung cancer. Methods: The present study analyzed 62 patients with lung cancer who underwent complete resection of diagnosed adenocarcinoma between 1994 and 2007. In addition to conventional factors, which include staging factor and histological evaluation, the present study also performed univariate and multivariate analyses to consider claudin, a cell adhesion molecule, as a prognostic factor by immunohistochemical staining. Results: There was no correlation between conventional factors, including lymphatic and vascular invasion, and recurrence. However, there was a significant correlation between high expression of claudin 4 and cancer recurrence. In particular, there was a correlation between high expressions of claudin 1, 4, and 5 and a reduction of disease-free survival. Conclusion: Increased expressions of claudin 4 were negative prognostic factors in adenocarcinoma of the lung and thus could be used to identify high-risk patients for adjuvant chemotherapy, even if they had early-stage lung cancer. The present findings collectively suggest that consideration of claudin as a prognostic factor in the active postoperative treatment in patients at high risk will lead to better therapeutic outcomes with fewer side effects.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.447-454
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• 2006

Objectives : To determine obesity for the screening of individuals at high risk of coronary heart disease in urban areas. Methods : Data were obtained from 4,137 adults between 19 and 85 years of age (2,372 males, 1,765 females), not recognized as taking medicines for cardiovascular diseases, who underwent a health check-up at the health promotion center of university hospitals in cities between Jan. 2003 and Dec. 2004. The variables studied were divided into two broad categories, and their relationships examined. obesity indices and risk factors for coronary heart disease. To reveal the relation between each of the obesity indices and the proportion of individuals at risk of coronary heart disease, the obesity indices were stratified and odds ratios obtained after age adjustment. Results : From a gender comparison of anthropometric measures, men were found to have significantly greater heights, weights, and waist and hip circumferences than women. From a gender comparison by the obesity indices, women were found to have significantly higher BMI, %Fat, waist to hip and waist to stature ratios than men. As obesity indices, the waist to stature ratio and the waist circumference were strongly correlated with coronary risk factors, both in men and women. The age-adjusted odds ratio of coronary risk factors increased significantly with increasing waist circumference, BMI, %fat, waist to hip and waist to stature ratios, and were highest specifically for the waist to stature ratio and the waist circumference. Conclusions : The study results showed that the waist to stature ratio and the waist circumference, as obesity indices, were most closely correlated with coronary risk factors. It is suggested that the waist to stature ratio and, specifically, the waist circumference can be effectively used in the field of health management for screening those with high levels of coronary risk factors.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2019

The incidence of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing worldwide, especially in the developing countries. It differs from adult disease in clinical manifestations, especially with regard to genetic predisposition in monogenic IBD. Pediatric disease also have a tendency to show more aggressive inflammation and greater extent of lesion. Newer drugs such as anti-tumor necrosis factor ${\alpha}$ have been known to make a difference in treating pediatric IBD. Recent studies suggested that the patients with high risk factors might have some benefits from earlier use of biologics. To achieve treatment goals such as relieving symptoms, optimizing growth, and improving quality of life while minimizing drug toxicity, more research is needed to develop tools for risk stratification in the use of biologics for pediatric IBD.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.375-384
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a correlation between the segmental bio-impedance measurement with the frequency modulations and the life-style disease of obesity. An obesity is not simply the factor for estimating the life-style disease of obesity, but also the risk factor occurring. There are many methods (BMI, WHR, Waist, CT, DEXA, BIA, etc.) for measuring a degree of obesity; the bio-impedance measurement is more economic and more effective than others. The physical examination, the blood test, the medical imaging diagnosis and the bio-impedancemeasurementswithmultiple frequencies for each body parts have been conducted for 77 people. The estimated value has been calculated through a segmental bio-impedance model based on multi-frequency that was created to reflect the highest correlation by analyzing correlation with linear regression analysis method for the measured bio-impedance and the risk factors. Then we compared with the clinical diagnosis. In case of high level cholesterol, low HDL-C and high LDL-C for life-style disease, the sensitivity is 80~100%and the specificity is 83~100%. This study has shown conclusively that bio-impedance can be a possible predictor to analyze the disease risk rate of population and individual health maintenance. And also the multi-frequency segmental bio-impedance can be used as early predictor to estimate the life-style disease of obesity.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.68-86
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• 2007

This study was performed to explore the effect of customer satisfaction and switching barriers on customer royalties in medical services. 900 households, 1% sample were randomly selected from K city located in Kangwon province. Interview survey was performed with structured questionnaire for the entire people, 923 persons who experienced medical service utilization during one year before survey on time, september, 2002. In comparison of switching barriers by sociodemographic characteristics, lower income group and lower educated group showed the higher level of recognition level on availability of changing the service provider significantly. In terms of economic loss as one of switching barriers, the group of over aged 61, the lower income group and the lower educated group felt higher than other groups. Also, the time loss of switching barrier was recognized in 41-60 aged group and employee in service industry highly. For the perceived risk factor as another switching barrier, the high educated group showed the higher recognition level in performance risk and felt higher social risk than other groups. In analysis of customer satisfaction and loyalty levels by switching barrier components, the lower level of availability of changing the service provider and the higher level of recognition for economic and time loss, they showed the higher satisfaction and loyalty levels. In final step, multiple regression analysis showed the positive relationship between customer satisfaction, switching barrier and customer loyalties. Besides, the moderating effect of switching barrier in relationship between customer satisfaction and loyalties was significant and this results suggests that the influence of customer satisfaction to customer loyalties might be weakened in high level of recognition for switching barrier. In conclusion, perceived risk of economic and time loss as switching barrier is an important factor and should be considered in planning of marketing strategy carefully in terms of defensive marketing.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.675-685
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• 2010

This study analyzed risk perception and risk reduction behaviors of male and female college students in their twenties who purchased fashion products in internet shopping malls. It also investigated the relationship between risk perception and risk reduction behavior as well as the ways in which groups, categorized by risk perception, differed in their risk reduction behaviors. The results of this study were as follows: first, seven factors of risk perception were identified. These were product quality, shipping, product image, payment, economic feasibility, fear of other people's reactions, and size. Six types of risk reduction behavior were also identified. These were product comparison, word-of-mouth information search, price search, preference for name-brand, service comparison, and referring to experiences. Next, a correlational analysis of the factors of risk perception and those of risk reduction behavior showed several patterns. The highest positive correlation was between economic risk perception and product comparison behavior. In addition, shipping risk perception was positively correlated with service comparison behavior and product quality and product image had a positive correlation with word-of-mouth information search behavior. Third, customers of internet shopping malls could be categorized into three groups: shipping risk perception group, high risk perception group, and product quality risk perception group. The groups were shown by factor analysis to be significantly different to each other. Finally, risk reduction behavior was investigated according to the different groups of risk perception of the internet shopping malls and the results showed significant differences among groups.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.259-270
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 소비자들의 구매행태를 현장방문쇼핑과 재택쇼핑으로 대별하여 소비자들의 구매행태에 따른 구매요인별 중요도를 AHP기법을 이용하여 평가해 보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 소비자들의 구매요인을 1단계에서는 제품관련 요인, 구매편리성에 관한 요인, 구매에 따른 소비자 위험에 관한 요인, 구매 활동시 즐거움에 관한 요인으로 분류하고, 각 요인별로 세부요인을 설정하여 총 22개의 세부요인에 대한 중요도 산출을 위하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구에서는 응답자를 구매행태에 따라 재택쇼핑 경험이 있는 집단과 없는 집단, 재택쇼핑 경험이 많은 집단과 적은 집단, 재택쇼핑 방식으로 TV재택쇼핑 방식을 이용하는 집단과 인터넷 재택쇼핑 방식을 이용하는 집단으로 분류하여 각 집단별 구매요인의 중요도를 산출하여 실물시장과 재택쇼핑시장의 경쟁전략 수립에 지침을 제공하고자 하였다. 분석 결과 집단별로 구매요인별 중요도에 차이가 존재하는 것으로 평가되었으며, 이러한 결과는 기업의 다양한 고객요구 충족을 위한 경쟁전략 수립의 기초로서 활용되어질 수 있을 것이다.