• 유공압시스템학회논문집
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2007

This paper presents an energy saving hydrostatic pressure exchanger for sea water desalination equipment. In a reverse osmosis(RO) system for desalinating sea water, more than 70 percent of the supplied sea water, brines which were impassable through RO membrane are bypassed, resulting in high energy losses. In this paper, a hydrostatic pressure exchanger consisting of an embedded water hydraulic piston motor and a water hydraulic piston pump was proposed and investigated in order to recover the energy of the bypassed brines. The pressurized brines are supplied to the embedded water hydraulic piston motor as power sources and the water hydraulic piston pump is driven by the output torque of the embedded water hydraulic piston motor as well as electric motor. Consequently, the energy of the bypassed brines can be recovered. To examine the electric energy saving characteristics of the hydrostatic pressure exchanger, a simulation model was constructed using commercial software and experiments were conducted. Through the results of simulation and experiment, the feasibility of the electric energy saving effect of the proposed hydrostatic pressure exchanger was investigated.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.545-550
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• 2001

Effects of high hydrostatic pressure on pH, titratable acidity, color, hardness and microorganisms of Chinese Cabbage Kimchi were investigated. Kimchi was pressurized at $200{\sim}600$ MPa for 5 min. There were no significant differences in color and hardness between control and pressurized Kimchi (p>0.05). Total aerobes and lactic acid bacteria were effectively inactivated by high hydrostatic pressure above 400 MPa. Changes in pH, titratable acidity, color, hardness and microbial counts for 4 weeks storage of Kimchi were investigated Kimchi was pressurized at 400 MPa for 5 min and stored at $4^{\circ}C$. The pH of control decreased to 3.94 but pressurized Kimchi maintained its initial pH value throughout the storage. The color of control showed significantly low values compared with pressureized Kimchi (p<0.05), but hardness was not significantly changed (p>0.05). Total aerobes and lactic acid bacteria in the control were reduced from the initial value of $10^8{\sim}10^9$ CFU/mL to $10^6$CFU/mL after 4 weeks storage. Whereas microbial counts in pressurized Kimchi was maintained about $10^3{\sim}10^4$ CFU/mL during storage.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.181-186
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• 2002

Lately, as going on increasing in the demand of high power density(power/weight), it is necessary for hydraulic axial piston pump/motor to operate more high pressure and speed. But in these condition, there are some trouble like as friction loss. To reduce this friction loss, hydrostatic bearing is used far axial piston pump/motor frequently. In general, it is difficult to measure accurate friction torque of spherical hydrostatic bearing in the use of the existing devices. So, we have developed the measurement device using the reaction torque sensor to obtain the pure friction torque, fitted in the casing. In this report, we intend to make an introduction about this measurement device for friction torque of the spherical wear part and clarify the effect of friction characteristics on supply pressure and rotational speed with three types of pocket size by using this measurement device.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 순환형 감압건조 및 초고압 추출공정을 이용하여 전통적인 기존 추출공정과 비교함으로써 복합 추출공정에 의한 감귤의 항산화 활성 증진을 확인하고자 연구를 수행하였다. 건조공정을 거친 후 초고압 처리 추출물의 수율이 20.41~28.19%로 높은 추출 수율을 나타내어 건조전 열수추출공정(17.21%)과 비교하여 약 1.6배의 높은 추출수율을 나타내었다. 순환형 감압건조와 초고압 공정을 병행하였을 시 총 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드 함량이 순환형 감압건조공정을 거치지 않은 것보다 다소 증가되는 것으로 보아 활성성분의 용출이 증진된 것으로 보인다. DPPH radical 소거 활성은 15분 초고압 처리한 추출물이 48.21%로 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 전처리 공정에 따른 감귤 시료의 주사전자현미경(SEM)을 통해 순환형 감압건조 후 초고압 추출이 감귤 내부 조직까지 영향을 주어 세포벽이 깨어지면서 조직 및 구조가 변화한 것으로 판단되며, 이를 통해 수율 및 활성 성분의 용출 증가가 이루어 진 것으로 사료된다. 따라서, 감귤의 건조 및 초고압 추출공정의 최적화를 통한 활성물질의 추출 극대화를 통해 추출수율을 향상시킬 것으로 판단된다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.1102-1105
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• 2008

The structural change and leakage of cellular substances of Saccharomyces cerevisiae attributed by high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment were observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). S. cerevisiae (ATCC16664) was inoculated in apple juice for 10 min at $23^{\circ}C$ and the apple juice treated at 138, 207, 276, 345, and 414 MPa pressure for 30 sec at $23^{\circ}C$. Increased of roughness, elongation, wrinkling, and pores on yeast cell surfaces, the yeast cell walls were severely damaged by HHP treatment from 276 to 414 MPa. Inactivation of S. cerevisiae by HHP is dependent on structural changes on the cell walls observed with SEM.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.148-153
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• 2004

It is well-known that the mechanical behavior of fiber-reinforced composites under hydrostatic pressure environment is different from that of atmospheric pressure environment. It is also known that the mechanical behavior of fiber-reinforced composites is affected by a strain rate. In this work, we investigated the effect of strain rate on the compressive elastic modulus, fracture stress, and fracture strain of carbon/epoxy composites under hydrostatic pressure environment. The material used in the compressive test was unidirectional carbon/epoxy composites and the hydrostatic pressures applied was 270㎫. Compressive tests were performed applying three strain rates of 0.05％/sec, 0.25％/sec, and 0.55％/sec. The results showed that the elastic modulus increased with increasing strain rate while the fracture stress was little affected by the strain rate. The results also showed that the fracture strain decreased with increasing strain rate.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2001년도 제34회 추계학술대회 개최
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• pp.186-193
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• 2001

In the high pressure state, the leakage flow rate of hydraulics is one of serious problems and the great reason to decrease the volume efficiency. In this paper, I tried to clarify tribology characteristics for the slipper hydrostatic bearing in swash plate type axial piston pumps and motors by means of experiment . I measured the leakage flow rate between swash plate and piston shoe with change the supply pressure and oil temperature at a swash plate angle of 0。 . And I also investigated the slipper pocket pressure and calculated oil film thickness for theoretical method. So. 1 have analyzed the tribology characteristics of hydrostatic bearing for leakage flow rate and oil film thickness with oil temperature and supply pressure.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.56-64
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• 2006

Rapid progress in many branches of technology has led to a demand on new materials such as high strength light weight alloys, powdered alloys and composite materials. The hydrostatic extrusion is essentially a method of extruding a clad rod through a die. In order to investigate the effect of the process conditions such as friction heat, deformation and clad thickness on the clad extrusion process, viscoplastic finite element simulations were conducted. A specific model for theoretical analysis used in this study is The single scalar variable version of Hart's model. An experiment also has been carried out using 1.5MN hydrostatic extruder with variable speed ram, LVDT and load cell for comparison. It is found that the hydrostatic extrusion pressure considering the effect of heat dissipation in this theoretical work was closer to the experimental pressure than the isothermal hydrostatic extrusion pressure.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.598-603
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• 2000

열처리에 의한 식품의 성분변화 손실을 줄이기 위한 비열처리 기술중 하나로 새롭게 주목받고 있는 초고압 처리를 적용하여 저염발효 새우젓의 저장성을 증진시키고자 하였다. 염농도 8%로 $20^{circ}C$에서 6주간 발효한 새우젓의 Vibrio 선택배지 검출균은 $1.6{\times}10^3\;CFU/g$, Staphylococcus 선택배지 검출균은 $9.3{\times}10^3\;CFU/g$이었고 18%의 새우젓에서의 Vibrio 선택배지 검출균은 $1.4{\times}10^4\;CFU/g$, Staphylococcus 선택배지 검출균은 $1.7{\times}10^\;CFU/g$이었다. 새우젓을 압력 $3,500{sim}6,500$기압, 시간 $5{\sim}40$분의 범위로 초고압 살균하였을 때 압력과 처리시간이 증가할수록 살균효과가 증가되었으며 사멸패턴은 1차반응으로 확인되었다. 압력을 6,500기압으로 고정하고 10분 동안 처리하였을 때 유해가능 세균은 본 연구방법의 검출한계인 $10^2\;CFU/g$수준에서는 경출되지 않았다. Vibrio선택배지 검출균의 $D_p$값은 염농도 8%보다 18%에서 더 높았으며 Staphylococcus 선택배지 검출균은 18%보다 8%에서 더 높은 값을 보였다. Vibrio 선택배지 검출균과 Staphylococcus 선택배지 검출균 모두 염농도 8%에서의 $Z_p$값이 염농도 18% 경우보다 높은 값을 보였다. 초고압 공정은 저염발효 새우젓의 살균에 응용될 수 있었으며 최적 고압살균조건은 6,500기압에서 10분간 처리하는 것이었다.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.345-360
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• 2021

This paper presents an analytical approach to calculate the buckling load of the cylindrical ring structures subjected to both hydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressures. Based on the conservative law of energy and Timoshenko beam theory, a theoretical formula, which can be used to evaluate the critical pressure of buckling, is first derived for the simplified cylindrical ring structures. It is assumed that the hydrodynamic pressure can be treated as an equivalent hydrostatic pressure as a cosine function along the perimeter while the thickness ratio is limited to 0.2. Note that this paper limits the deformed shape of the cylindrical ring structures to an elliptical shape. The proposed analytical solutions are then compared with the numerical simulations. The critical pressure is evaluated in this study considering two possible failure modes: ultimate failure and buckling failure. The results show that the proposed analytical solutions can correctly predict the critical pressure for both failure modes. However, it is not recommended to be used when the hydrostatic pressure is low or medium (less than 80% of the critical pressure) as the analytical solutions underestimate the critical pressure especially when the ultimate failure mode occurs. This implies that the proposed solutions can still be used properly when the subsea vehicles are located in the deep parts of the ocean where the hydrostatic pressure is high. The finding will further help improve the geometric design of subsea vehicles against both hydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressures to enhance its strength and stability when it moves underwater. It will also help to control the speed of the subsea vehicles especially they move close to the sea bottom to prevent a catastrophic failure.