• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.65-75
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• 2024

The growing demand for functional cosmetics, driven by modern individuals' quest for healthy and aesthetically pleasing skin, is being challenged by reports of side effects and toxicity associated with these products. This underscores the importance of exploring natural plant-based materials for functional cosmetics. This research focuses on the assessment of antioxidant and whitening properties of mixed extracts from Ipomoea nil, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, and Angelica gigas Nakai, all of which have proven pharmacological benefits. The study evaluated the extracts' total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities, SOD-like activity, and xanthine oxidase inhibition to determine their antioxidant capabilities. Moreover, the whitening potential was investigated through tyrosinase activity and melanin production assays, alongside a cytotoxicity evaluation via a cell viability test. The findings revealed that the extracts, IAA-1 to IAA-4, demonstrated both antioxidative and whitening capabilities without exhibiting cytotoxic effects. Notably, the extract IAA-4, processed through ultrasonic and ultrahigh pressure extraction, exhibited superior effectiveness. These results indicate that the cavitation formed during ultrasonic irradiation effectively destroys the plant cell wall by creating high pressure, and as a result, it is judged that useful components are easily extracted. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that the IAA-4 extract could be applied as a material for functional cosmetics.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.105-111
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• 2020

We defined Jeju Wind Castle and analyzed the relationship between Hallasan-Oreum-Batdam, the main subject, for the first time. In Jeju, 1.5m high Batdam(Black Silk Road), 368 Oreums, Hallasan Mountain 1950m are all unique scenery. The verification of this paper demonstrates that Samdasoo's groundwater extraction sea level is equal to the height of Hallasan and that this problem is mathematically complete in neutral plane theory. Donnaeko(700meters above sea level)-Baeknokdamdongneung-Jindallebat-Seongpanak-Gyorae(453 meters)-Witsaeoreum(1700meters) is a rain belt that hits the low-air pressure air-conditioned North Pacific humidity rising from the southeast and the high-pressure cold air of Hallasan Peak. It rains a lot because - and + are neutral plane, which adds to zero. Hallasan is called Jinsan in Jeju history. The answer is Wind Castle. The number of Oreum in Jeju is 369 including Hallasan, and Batdam, which is about 1.5m high, does not collapse even with a typhoon blowing over 50m/s. Because the wind castle's core is 1.5 meters of Batdam and it is a triangular number.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2010

Metal Injection Molding (MIM) is attractive because it produces consistent, complex-geometry components for high-volume, high-strength, and high-performance applications. Also MIM using in optical communication field, display field, and semi-conductor field is a cost-effective alternative to metal machining or investment casting parts. It offers tremendous single-step parts consolidation potential and design flexibility. The objective of this paper is to study the suitability of design, flow analysis, debinding and sinterin processes, and capability analysis. The suitable injection conditions were 0.5~1.5 second filling time, 11.0~12.5 MPa injection pressure derived from flow analysis. The gravity of the product is measured after debinding an sintering. The maximum and minimum gravity levels are 7.5939 and 7.5097. the average and standard deviation are 7.5579 and 0.0122; when converted into density, the figure stands at 98.154%. According to an analysis of overall capacity, PPM total, which refers to defect per million opportunities(DPMO), stands at 166,066.3 Z.Bench-the sum of defect rates exceeding the actual lowest and highest limits-is 0.97, which translates into the good quality rate of around 88.4% and the sigma level of 2.47.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.6-12
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• 2005

Contamination of soils and groundwater by leakage of petroleum compounds from underground storage tanks (USTs) has become great environmental issues. Conventional methods such as soil vapor extraction (SVE) used for the remediation of unsaturated soils contaminated with volatile organic compounds might not be applied for the removal of semi-volatile organic compounds such as diesel fuels and PCBs, which have low volatility and high hydrophobicity. The objective of this study is to develop a hot air injection method to remove semi-volatile compounds. Additionally, operation parameters such as temperature, air flow rate, and water content are evaluated. Experimental results show that diesel ranged organics (DROs) are removed in the order of volatility of organic compounds. As expected, removal efficiency of organics is highly dependent on the temperature. It is considered that more than $90\%$ of organic contaminants whose carbon numbers range between 17 and 22 can be removed efficiently by the hot air injection-extraction method (modified SVE) over the $100^{\circ}C$. It is also found that increased air flow rate resulted in high removal rate of contaminants. However, air flow rate over 40 cc/min is not effective for the operation aspects, due to mass transfer limitation on the volatilization rate of the contaminants. The effect of the water content on the decane removal is minimal, but some components show large dependence on the removal efficiency with increasing water content.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.317-322
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• 2020

Hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN; NH₃OHNO₃) is an ionic energy material having a low melting temperature and vapor pressure with a high oxygen balance. To utilize it as an oxidizer for a high content liquid mono-propellant, a dual solvent was used to obtain HAN in a solid particulate form. The dehydrated crystal from an aqueous HAN was washed with dual organic solvents including acetone and ethanol, finally resulting in the moisture content of 13.8 wt%. When acetone was applied as a single solvent, the maximum synthesis yield of 88%, the HAN content evaluated by TGA of 86.2%, and the decomposition temperature ranged 160℃ to 205℃ were achieved.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.27.1-27.6
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• 2019

Background: In order to assess the high value-added use of the alginate-free residue of sea tangle, an animal study was performed to evaluate the functional activities and key compounds present. In the animal study, sea tangle and the alginate-free residue demonstrated good anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-arteriosclerotic abilities. Results: The functional compounds in the alginate-free residue of the sea tangle were effectively extracted by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The optimum extraction temperature and pressure were 40 ℃ and 6500 psi (M1) in the SFE, a better method in comparison to the conditions of 70 ℃ and 4500 psi (M2), respectively. The anti-atherosclerotic effects of the alginate-free residue of sea tangle (M1, M2) were investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats treated with poloxamer 407, Triton WR 1339, corn oil, and a high-fat diet. The M1 fraction reduced the serum lipid levels with greater efficacy than the M2 fraction. In the hyperlipidemic rats, treatment with M1 decreased the serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels when compared to the levels in normal rats. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that the alginate-free residue of sea tangle reduces serum TC, TG, and LDL-C. These results suggest that the alginate-free residue of sea tangle contains physiologically active components, such as fucosterol, that may exert beneficial effects in the prevention of atherosclerosis.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.67-75
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• 2020

Objectives SJ004 is a natural herbal medicine that contains Acyranthes japonica Nakai and Eucommia ulmoides Oliver traditionally used for joint and spinal diseases. This study aimed to establish an efficient method of extracting SJ004 to standardize using the yield, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and antioxidant assay. Methods SJ004 was extracted with distilled water, 70% and 100% of ethyl alcohol (EtOH). The method validation of 20-hydroxyecdysone and pinoresinol diglucoside was determined by HPLC-photo diode array and the content of SJ004 was calculated. The antioxidant activity of each extract was compared and measured using total flavonoids, total phenolic compounds, 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and ferric reducing antioxidant power according to the standard protocol. Results The yield was highest in pure water extract and lowest in 100% EtOH. But, the content of marker compounds indicating 20-hydroxyecdysone and pinoresinol diglucoside was highest in 100% EtOH extract. In the physiological activity measurement using antioxidant activity, 100% ethanol extract was highest. The limit of detection indicating 20-hydroxyecdysone and pinoresinol diglucoside were analyzed 0.33 ㎍/mL, 0.1616 ㎍/mL, and the limit of quantification were analyzed 1.01 ㎍/mL and 0.49 ㎍/mL respectively. Conclusions The experimental results showed that the extraction conditions have a significant effect on content of marker compounds and antioxidant activity. As a result of method validation, SJ004 was standardized by 20-hydroxyecdysone and pinoresinol diglucoside.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.07b
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• pp.786-789
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• 2002

A recurrent artificial neural network (ANN) model is developed to simulate hydrocarbon recovery process at petroleum-contaminated site. The groundwater extraction rate, vacuum pressure, and saturation hydraulic conductivity are selected as the input variables, while the cumulative hydrocarbon recovery volume is considered as the output variable. The experimental data fer establishing the ANN model are from implementation of a multiphase flow model for dual phase remediation process under different input variable conditions. The complex nonlinear and dynamic relationship between input and output data sets are then identified through the developed ANN model. Reasonable agreements between modeling results and experimental data are observed, which reveals high effectiveness and efficiency of the neural network approach in modeling complex hydrocarbon recovery behavior.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.298-299
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• 2010

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.181-185
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• 2011

Objectives : The Zanthoxylum pericarpium has been used as oriental spicy seasoning and a medicinal plant from old times. This study was performed to determine the anti-oxidant efficacy of Zanthoxylum pericarpium extract and the anti-microbial effects. Methods : We got Zanthoxylum pericarpium extract using PSE (pressurized solvent extraction) method. The anti-microbial effect of Zanthoxylum pericarpium extract was assessed on Streptococcus mutans(S. mutans) and anti-oxidant effect of the extract was assessed by measuring DPPH radical scavenging activity and SOD like activity. Results : 1. Zanthoxylum pericarpium extract had high anti-microbial activity on S. mutans. 2. DPPH radical scavenging activity significantly increased in the Zanthoxylum pericarpium extract. 3. SOD like activity also significantly increased in the Zanthoxylum pericarpium extract. Conclusions : The PSE extract from Zanthoxylum pericarpium has good anti-microbial and anti-oxidant effects in a concentration-dependent manner.