• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.128-136
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• 2004

CYP1A1 is known to be inducible by xenobiotic compouds such as polyciclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin(TCDD). These chemicals have been identified worldwide and can have a significant impact on the human health and well being of human and wildlife. Given these issues, the detection and quantification of these chemicals in biological, environmental and food samples is important. First, we investigated the effect of on CYP1A1 promoter activity, 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase(EROD) activity and CYP1A1 mRNA expression induced by benzo(k)fluoranthene(B(k)F) in MCF-7 cells. We found that B(k)F significantly up-regulates the level of CYP1A1 prompter activity, EROD and CYP1A1 mRNA. When cells were treated with genistein, it was not changed that EROD and CYP1A1 mRNA, compared to that of control. However, genistein inhibited the B(k)F-induced CYP1A1 promoter activity and mRNA level at high concentration. Furthermore, in this study, effects of HDAC(histone deacetvlase) inhibitors on human prostate cancer cells proliferation were examined. HC-toxin, SAHA and TSA inhibited cell proliferation in PC3 cells. A novel HDAC inhibitor, IN2001 also suppressed the growth of PC3 cells. And IN2001 and SAHA increased S phase and G2/M phase at 12 hrs treatment but cells were arrested G0/G1 phase at 45 hrs treatment. The HC-toxin treatment for 24 hrs and 48 hrs increased G0/G1 at low concentration ($0.1\mu\textrm{m}$) but increased G2/M at more than concentration of $1\mu\textrm{m}$. TSA increased G2/M phase. These findings height the possbility of developing HDAC inhibitors as potential anticancer therapeutic agents for the treatment of prostate cancer.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.1065-1072
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• 2012

Crop productivity decreases globally as a result of salinization. However, salinity impact on greenhouse-grown crops is much higher than on field-grown crops due to the overall concentrations of nutrients in greenhouse soils. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the short-term changes in growth, photosynthesis, and metabolites of tomato plants grown in greenhouse under heavily input of fertilizers evaluated by microbial activity and chemical properties of soils. The soils (< 3, 3.01~6, 6.01~10 and > 10.01 dS $m^{-1}$) from farmer's greenhouse fields having different fertilization practices were used. Results showed that the salt-accumulated soil affected adversely the growth of tomato plants. Tomato plants were seldom to complete their growth against > 10.0 dS $m^{-1}$ level of EC. The assimilation rate of $CO_2$ from the upper fully expanded leaves of tomato plants is reduced under increasing soil EC levels at 14 days, however; it was the highest in moderate or high EC-subjected (3.0 ~ 10.0 dS $m^{-1}$) at 28 days. In our experiment, soluble sugars and starch were sensitive markers for salt stress and thus might assume the status of crops against various salt conditions. Taken together, tomato plants found to have tolerance against moderate soil EC stress. Various EC levels (< 3.0 ~ 10.0 dS $m^{-1}$) led to a slight decrease in organic matter (OM) contents in soils at 28 days. Salinity stress led to higher microbial activity in soils, followed by a decomposition of OM in soils as indicated by the changes in soil chemical properties.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.1228-1237
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• 2023

The CRISPR-Cas system has emerged as the most efficient genome editing technique for a wide range of cells. Delivery of the Cas9-sgRNA ribonucleoprotein complex (Cas9 RNP) has gained popularity. The objective of this study was to develop a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based assay to quantify the double-strand break reaction mediated by Cas9 RNP. To accomplish this, the dextransucrase gene (dsr) from Leuconostoc citreum was selected as the target DNA. The Cas9 protein was produced using recombinant Escherichia coli BL21, and two sgRNAs were synthesized through in vitro transcription to facilitate binding with the dsr gene. Under optimized in vitro conditions, the 2.6 kb dsr DNA was specifically cleaved into 1.1 and 1.5 kb fragments by both Cas9-sgRNA365 and Cas9-sgRNA433. By monitoring changes in dsr concentration using qPCR, the endonuclease activities of the two Cas9 RNPs were measured, and their efficiencies were compared. Specifically, the specific activities of dsr365RNP and dsr433RNP were 28.74 and 34.48 (unit/㎍ RNP), respectively. The versatility of this method was also verified using different target genes, uracil phosphoribosyl transferase (upp) gene, of Bifidobacterium bifidum and specific sgRNAs. The assay method was also utilized to determine the impact of high electrical field on Cas9 RNP activity during an efficient electroporation process. Overall, the results demonstrated that the qPCR-based method is an effective tool for measuring the endonuclease activity of Cas9 RNP.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.552-562
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• 2023

Objectives: Adolescents who engage in unhealthy behaviors are particularly vulnerable to anxiety. We hypothesized that participation in physical activity could influence the relationship between anxiety and unhealthy behaviors in adolescents. These behaviors include smoking, alcohol consumption, and unsafe sexual activity. Methods: This study included 50 301 students from the first year of middle school to the third year of high school, all from Korea. The unhealthy adolescent behaviors examined included current alcohol consumption, current smoking, and unsafe sexual behavior. Anxiety levels were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire (GAD-7). Results: The participants had a mean age of 15.19 years and an average GAD-7 score of 4.23. No significant differences were observed in GAD-7 score among exercising participants when categorized by smoking status (p=0.835) or unsafe sexual behavior (p=0.489). In contrast, participants in the non-exercise group who engaged in these behaviors demonstrated significantly higher GAD-7 scores (p<0.001 and 0.016, respectively). The only significant interaction was found between unsafe sexual behavior and exercise (p=0.009). Based on logistic regression analysis, within the non-exercise group, significant positive associations were observed between current smoking and anxiety (odds ratio [OR], 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18 to 1.57), as well as between unsafe sexual behavior and anxiety (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.73). However, within the exercise group, no significant association was found between anxiety and either smoking or unsafe sexual behavior. Furthermore, no significant interaction was observed between unhealthy behaviors and exercise. Conclusions: These findings are insufficient to conclude that physical activity influences the relationship between unhealthy behaviors and anxiety.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.153-163
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality of life of clients who treated and equipped prosthesis in Eulji University Hospital in Dae-Jun City. The results of this study were as follows. The oral status of Female had more carious tooth than male had. Carious tooth(p<0.05) and losed tooth(p<0.001) was more popular in older female. The frequency of treated tooth was higher under 59 years old female than over 60 years old(p<0.01). In education category, carious tooth(p<0.05) and losed tooth(p<0.000) was more popular in low education than high education In the score of relation of OHIP-14 category and general characteristic, female was significantly higher than male in dysfunction( p<0.05), physical disorder(p<0.001) and activity disorder(p<0.05). The score was significantly higher in older than younger in dysfunction(p<0.05), physical disorder(p<0.001) and activity disorder(p<0.001). The score of education was significantly higher in low education group than high education group in physical pain (p<0.001), mental discomfort (p<0.001). The score of marriage status was significantly higher in marriaged group than other group in dysfunction (p<0.05) and mental discomfort (p<0.05). In the score of relation of OHIP-14 category and oral status, the score of carious tooth group was significantly higher in dysfunction(p<0.05), physical disorder(p<0.05) and activity disorder(p<0.05). The score of losed tooth group was significantly higher in dysfunction(p<0.05), physical pain (p<0.05), mental discomfort(p<0.05), physical disorder(p<0.05) and activity disorder(p<0.01). The score of non treated tooth group was significantly higher in dysfunction(p<0.05), mental discomfort(p<0.05), social disorder(p<0.05) and activity disorder(p<0.05). In the score of relation of OHIP-14 category and the sort of prosthesis, the score of being bridge group was significantly higher than being crown group in activity disorder(p<0.05). The OHIP-14 category and the number of prosthesis was not significant relationship. These results suggest that the information and services of the process of dental prosthesis based on subjective evaluation should be provided to clients rather than based on clinical evaluation. The continued system of oral management should be developed and provided.

• 지역연구
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.29-44
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• 2021

미세먼지는 인간의 수명을 단축시키고 각종 암을 유발하는 대기오염 물질이다. 따라서 도시민은 미세먼지 농도에 따라 도시활동을 조정할 수 있다. 미세먼지가 도시민의 활동에 미치는 영향은 미세먼지의 지속 기간, 미세먼지 경보 여부에 따라 달라질 수 있다. 또한 도시활동의 유형과 장소, 도시민의 미세먼지 취약 정도에 따라 회피행동의 수준이 다르게 나타날 수 있다. 이처럼 다양한 요인들에 따라 도시민의 미세먼지 대응 방식이 다르게 나타날 수 있음에도, 이에 관한 연구적 증거는 매우 미흡한 상황이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 서울시 도심 중 하나인 종로구를 대상으로 미세먼지가 도시민의 활동에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 SKT의 휴대전화신호 자료와 토지이용 자료를 연계하여 도시활동 유형·연령별 일 단위 활동인구 수를 추출하고, 미세먼지 농도, 미세먼지 지속일 수, 미세먼지 경보 여부의 영향을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 미세먼지에 대한 회피행동이 도시활동의 유형, 활동장소의 물리적 특성(실내·야외), 미세먼지 지속 기간, 미세먼지 경보 여부, 도시민의 연령에 따라 다른 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 미세먼지가 도시민의 활동에 미치는 영향을 다각적으로 제공하여, 공공의 미세먼지 저감 및 적응 정책 수립을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2024

최근 에듀테크의 관심이 AI 기술과의 접목에 집중되어 있는 가운데, 관련 분야 시장이 확대되고 있는 추세이다. 이에 본 연구는 AI-에듀테크 분야의 주요국 기술경쟁력과 핵심 기술분야를 분석하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 또한 AI-에듀테크가 AI 기술과 에듀테크 간 융합임을 고려하여, 주요국별 AI-에듀테크 기술이 과연 기존의 AI 혹은 에듀테크 기술에 기반한 것인지 경로의존성도 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 AI-에듀테크 분야 특허를 수집한 뒤, 특허활동력, 특허영향력, 시장확보력 등의 지표로 경쟁력을 분석하였고, 국제특허분류 코드로 국가별 핵심 기술 분야를 살펴보며, 허들 음이항 회귀모형으로 국가별 경로의존성을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, AI-에듀테크 분야 특허활동력은 중국이 가장 높고 한국, 미국, 인도, 일본이 그 뒤를 이었다. 특허영향력과 시장확보력 측면에서, 미국은 두 지표 모두 높고, 일본은 시장확보력이 높으며, 한국은 특허영향력이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 국제특허분류코드로 볼 때 국가 간 차별성이 나타나고 있으며, 한국은 머신러닝과 생체 모델 기반의 AI에 집중하면서 다양한 기술과 융합하는 특징이 있었다. 허들 음이항 분석 결과 중, 로짓 부분 결과로는 과거의 AI 또는 교육 분야 기술 보유 여부가 현재의 AI-에듀테크 기술의 등장 여부에 정의 영향을 주지는 않았으나, 카운트 부분 결과는 정의 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 현재의 AI-에듀테크 기술이 전반적으로 과거의 AI 또는 에듀테크 기술에 기반한다고 보기는 어려우나, 일부 과거 AI 또는 교육 기술에 기반한 AI-에듀테크가 일단 등장하면 이는 기존 기술로부터의 영향을 받음을 의미한다. 이러한 결과는 이 분야 향후 연구와 기술전략을 위한 시사점을 제공한다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.16-24
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• 2021

The suppressive effect of monensin as an ionophore-feed additive on enteric methane (CH4) emission and renewable methanogenesis were evaluated. To clarify the suppressive effect of monensin a respiratory trial with head cage was performed using Holstein-Friesian steers. Steers were offered high concentrate diets (80% concentrate and 20% hay) ad libitum with or without monensin, galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) or L-cysteine. Steers that received monensin containing diet had significantly (p < 0.01) lower enteric CH4 emissions as well as those that received GOS containing diet (p < 0.05) compared to steers fed control diets. Thermophilic digesters at 55℃ that received manure from steers fed on monensin diets had a delay in the initial CH4 production. Monensin is a strong inhibitor of enteric methanogenesis, but has a negative impact on biogas energy production at short retention times. Effects of the activity of coprophagous insects on CH4 and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from cattle dung pats were assessed in anaerobic in vitro continuous gas quantification system modified to aerobic quantification device. The CH4 emission from dungs with adults of Caccobius jessoensis Harold (dung beetle) and the larvae of the fly Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius) were compared with that from control dung without insect. The cumulative CH4 emission rate from dung with dung insects decreased at 42.2% in dung beetles and 77.8% in fly larvae compared to that from control dung without insects. However, the cumulative N2O emission rate increased 23.4% in dung beetles even though it reduced 88.6% in fly larvae compared to dung without coprophagous insects. It was suggested that the antibacterial efficacy of ionophores supplemented as a growth promoter still continued even in the digested slurry, consequently, possible environmental contamination with the antibiotics might be active to put the negative impact to land ecosystem involved in greenhouse gas mitigation when the digested slurry was applied to the fields as liquid manure.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권8호
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• pp.297-308
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• 2020

This study exemines the roles of corporate social activity (CSR) and executive compensation structure on the pricing of seasoned equity offerings (SEOs) with special focus on the role of CSR in reducing the level of information asymmetry between managers and future shareholders of issuing firms through SEOs. This study also investigates the interaction between executive compensation structure and CSR on the discounting of SEOs. We use a sample of 2,102 seasoned equity offerings of U.S. firms with CSR scores from 1995 to 2015 in our OLS fixed effect regression analysis. The results show that issuing firms with high CSR are more likely to expericence a lower degree of the SEO discount. The results also document a positive association between CSR and a high proportion of equity-based compensation of issuing firms' executives. The findings of this paper confirm that CSR attenuates the impact of information asymmetry and the pre-SEO price uncertainty on the pricing of the offers and hence the SEO discount. Furthermore, CSR reinforces the impact of executive firm-related wealth on the discounting of seasoned equity offerings. It appears that firm-related wealth motivates managers to actively engage in reducing information asymmetry activities before SEOs, thereby decreasing the SEO discount.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.613-625
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• 2005

This study was designed to evaluate impact of kinds of dietary grain and dietary lipid level on the glucose metabolism and antithrombogenic capacity in obesity induced rats. Total of 80 Sprague-Dawley male rats were raised for one month with control diet containing $50\%$ (w/w) well-milled rice powder and $20\%$(w/w) of dietary lipids. The rats were blocked into 8 groups and raised for two months with diets containing well-milled rice, brown rice, black rice, or glutinous barley powder and 8 or $20\%$(w/w) of dietary lipids. The contents of total dietary fiber in experimental grains were in following order; glutinous barley > black rice > brown rice > well-milled rice. Weekly food intake were lower in glutinous barley group among all experimental groups. Body weight gain was high in high level of fat groups ($50\%$w/w) than medium level of fat groups ($8\%$ w/w). Plasma glucose concentration was not different significantly in each groups. But brown rice group was a little lower than others. Plasma insulin concentration was lower in black rice and glutinous barley group than rice group. Plasma glucagon concentration did not differ significantly among all experimental groups. Hexokinase activities in skeletal muscle are different significantly according to level of dietary fat and grain variety factors. Brown rice group was significantly highest among all experimental groups in hexokinase activity. Plasma $TXB_2$ concentrations in black rice and glutinous barley groups were lower as compared to rice and brown rice groups. Plasma 6-keto-$PGF_{1\alpha}$ concentrations in glutinous barley group was higher as compared to others. In conclusion brown rice has a little lowering effect glucose concentration. Black rice and glutinous barley intakes enhance antithromboenic capacity. It is suggested that the intakes of mixed gains are recommend.