• 아동학회지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.87-101
• /
• 2011

This study employed a child-centered approach in the examination of patterns of preschooler's learning behaviors. A hierarchical cluster analysis was employed in order to discern a meaningful typology of such behavior. The subjects consisted of 232 children (117 boys, 106 girls) and their mothers from 6 kindergartens and 6 day care centers. The results of this study were as follows. The cluster analysis yielded five types of learning behaviors; the competent type, the average type, the low attention/persistence type, the low motivation -attitude type, and the deficient type. The most consistent level differences among these types appeared to lie in distinctions among the average Attention/Persistence scores. The composition of the cluster types, including both the age and gender of the children, was ascertained. Our results indicated that preschool learning behavior types could be seen to differentially relate to children's self-regulation, cognitive styles, problem behaviors, and the level of maternal involvement. It was revealed that a child's characteristics was more important than maternal involvement and beliefs. As there were more girls and older children in the learning type, this type was seen to be more competent.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
• /
• 제22권
• /
• pp.331-360
• /
• 1992

This research presents author co-citation analysis of the subject area in the humanities - Korean history. Three approaches to multivariate analyses were used to display the inter-author relationships in the similarity matrix. Data on co-citation of sixty seven authors for the period of 1980­1989 were extracted from the database constructed by author. The author's name, here refers to a body of writings by a person, is the unit of analysis. The data were subjected to non-metric multidimensional scaling program create two-dimensional map of authors. Authors with similarity are clustered using hierarchical agglomerative procedure and it is found that five clusters in Korean history represent primarily research specializations. Author map of Korean history reveals the first dimension corresponding to subject orientation of authors and the second dimension corresponds to research method or research style. In factor analysis, each factor reflects research specialty made up of authors, and factor locadings demonstrate the breadth or concentration of sixty seven authors' scholarly contributions on Korean history. It is demonstrated that the· specific methodology employed by this research, author co-citation analysis, is useful to represent the intellectual structure of Korean history.

• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.309-322
• /
• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of Korean preschool children. Methods: Subjects for the study were recruited using the convenience sampling method. A total of 162 mothers with preschool children aged 3 to 5 years participated in the study using a self-reported questionnaire and provided data regarding the frequency and quantum of the children's sugar-sweetened beverage consumption days in a week and the factors associated with such consumption. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to analyze the factors associated with the sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of preschool children. Results: Among the children-specific factors, age (β=.13, p=.015) was positively associated, while fruits/vegetable consumption (β=-.22, p<.001) was negatively associated with sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of the preschool children. Among the mother-specific factors, fruits/vegetable consumption of mothers was negatively associated (β=-.16, p=.006), while the sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of the mothers was positively associated with the sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of the preschool children (β=.27, p<.001). In addition, the maternal restrictive feeding style was negatively associated with sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of preschool children (β=-.23, p<.001). Conclusion: Based on these results, interventions targeted at children, parents, and the family environment should be developed to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in early childhood.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.19-31
• /
• 2024

Jinhae is the oldest Western-style radial and grid city on the Korean Peninsula, and it also has the most defined structure to date, remaining largely unchanged and unlike any other in Korea. The Jinhae town plan was completed immediately after the signing of the Japan-Korea Treaty. Although the city of Jinhae was built by the Japanese, its overall organizational principle is clearly a radial-grid form that was established in the West. The Jinhae radial-grid planning was elaborately constructed with multiple layers of overlapping structures. It is the result of the application of geometry that creates symmetry and hierarchy in European countries, and the simultaneous consideration of road hierarchy and land form in the process of combining radial and grid forms. To reveal these points, four analyses are performed. First, the formation process of Western radial and grid streets is reviewed and compared to derive review points for Jinhae City. Second, the layout and geometric characteristics of radial streets are discussed. Third, the hierarchical characteristics and connections of grid streets are analyzed. The last part is a comparative analysis of the plan and the final realization.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.67-86
• /
• 2007

Choseon Dynasty, from many aspects, saw the institutional establishment of its royal palaces in the 17th and 18th century, with 'donggwol (east palace)' as the most representative form in the era. In that period, palaces were managed in the best way that fits the royal etiquette and order to maintain the Confucian framework of the times. While the royal palace was the place for the king to conduct state affairs, it was also a compound for the royal family to lead a life in. Since the royal family was also based on the Confucian system, women in the royal palace seldom revealed their existence to outside world. Yet daebi,(a Queen Mother) who was often called 'dongjo,' enjoyed the highest level of honor not only as a member of the royal family but in the hierarchical order of the dynasty. As they often engaged themselves in political affairs, daebi raised their reputation through rites and rituals. So, in the 16th century, they largely used Changgyeong-gung palace in the eastern part of the royal compound since they sometimes had to go out of the royal residence. While it was called 'dongjo' because it was seated in the eastern part, it was also used as a word symbolizing daebi. And, therefore, it has become a general principle of royal palaces to build the palace for daebi in the eastern wing of the compound. However, the residence for daebi was not always built in the eastern part in the 17th and 18th century and, instead, edifices for daebi were sometimes erected in several points within the royal compound. Beside, daebi's residence in this period had additional spaces for ceremonies since they had a number of official events there. Construction of daebi's residences in this era was not confined to the symbolic institutions and they became the peculiar palaces with specific characteristics for official ceremonies of the queen mothers. Consequently, it could be said that the architectural style of dongjo, which was the place of the supreme female in the hierarchical order, stemmed from donggwol where daebi spent the longest time of the royal life.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제41권3호
• /
• pp.83-93
• /
• 2013

본 연구는 1983년 설계공모 제도가 한국 조경계에 도입되고 30년이 지난 현 시점에서 조경 설계공모 과정에서 발생되고 있는 문제점을 분석 고찰함으로써 향후 조경 설계공모 과정 개선에 기여할 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하기 위한 목적으로 수행하였다. 연구를 수행하기 위해 조경 설계공모에 관여하는 전문가를 대상으로 델파이 조사를 실시하여 문제점을 도출하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 조경설계 공모 관련 이론과 선행연구를 분석한 결과, '설계공모 방식', '설계공모 지침', '당선작 선정과정', '당선작 이후 설계변화' 등 4가지 관점에서 문제점이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 전문가 델파이 분석을 통하여 전문가들의 의견을 합의하는 과정을 이끌었고, 그 결과 총 12개의 항목으로 조경설계 공모 과정의 문제점이 도출되었는바, '설계공모 방식'에서는 '설계공모 기간의 문제', '설계공모 방식' 등 2가지의 항목, '설계공모 지침'에서는 '비위계적이고 혼란스러운 지침', '규정적으로 정해지는 지침', '지침의 분량의 과다' 등 3개 항목, '당선작 선정과정'에서는 '심사위원 전문성 결여', '비조경전문가 참여', '심사배점 방식에 문제점' 등 3개 항목, '당선작 이후 설계변화'에서는 '발주처 설계담당자의 잦은 인사이동', '설계기간의 기약 없는 과다연장', '발주처의견이 과다하게 반영되는 풍토', '원설계의 창의성을 저감시키는 발주처 의견' 등 4가지 항목이 문제점으로 나타났다.

• International Journal of Contents
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.41-51
• /
• 2015

Management systems for electronic library have been developed on the basis of Client/Server or ASP framework in domestic market for a long time. Therefore, both service provider and user suffer from their high cost and effort in management, maintenance, and repairing of software as well as hardware. Recently in addition, mobile devices like smartphone and tablet PC are frequently used as terminal devices to access computers through the Internet or other networks, sophisticatedly customized or personalized interface for n-screen service became more important issue these days. In this paper, we propose a new scheme of integrated management system for electronic library based on SaaS and Web Standard. We design and implement the proposed scheme applying Electronic Cabinet Guidelines for Web Standard and Universal Code System. Hosted application management style and software on demand style service models based on SaaS are basically applied to develop the management system. Moreover, a newly improved concept of duplication check algorithm in a hierarchical evaluation process is presented and a personalized interface based on web standard is applied to implement the system. Algorithms of duplication check for journal, volume/number, and paper are hierarchically presented with their logic flows. Total framework of our development obeys the standard feature of Electronic Cabinet Guidelines offered by Korea government so that we can accomplish standard of application software, quality improvement of total software, and reusability extension. Scope of our development includes core services of library automation system such as acquisition, list-up, loan-and-return, and their related services. We focus on interoperation compatibility between elementary sub-systems throughout complex network and structural features. Reanalyzing and standardizing each part of the system under the concept on the cloud of service, we construct an integrated development environment for generating, test, operation, and maintenance. Finally, performance analyses are performed about resource usability of server, memory amount used, and response time of server etc. As a result of measurements fulfilled over 5 times at different test points and using different data, the average response time is about 62.9 seconds for 100 clients, which takes about 0.629 seconds per client on the average. We can expect this result makes it possible to operate the system in real-time level proof. Resource usability and memory occupation are also good and moderate comparing to the conventional systems. As total verification tests, we present a simple proof to obey Electronic Cabinet Guidelines and a record of TTA authentication test for topics about SaaS maturity, performance, and application program features.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.498-512
• /
• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 전국단위의 데이터를 사용하여 연구결과의 타당도를 높이고, 둘째, 아동의 스마트폰 중독이 아동의 공격성에 미치는 영향과 그 인과관계 사이에서 부모의 양육태도의 조절효과를 검증함으로써 아동의 공격성을 감소시키기 위한 부모의 양육태도의 긍정적 측면을 강화 할 수 있는 실천적, 정책적 대안을 모색함에 있어 그 필요성에 대한 기초자료로 제공하고자 한다. 이를 위해 '한국 아동 청소년패널조사(KCYPS : Korean Children Youth Panel Study)'의 초등학교 1학년패널의 제4차년도 데이터를 사용하였으며, 총 1,686케이스를 선별하여 사용하였다. SPSS 통계프로그램을 통해 빈도분석과 기술통계, 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하여 분석한 결과, 아동의 스마트폰 중독이 심할수록 아동의 공격성이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 부모의 감독, 애정, 방임이 아동의 스마트폰 중독과 공격성 사이에서 조절효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 아동의 스마트폰 중독이 아동의 공격성을 증가시키는 것을 부모의 양육태도로 조절할 수 있음을 의미한다. 이러한 연구 결과에 따라 아동의 공격성 감소를 위하여 올바른 스마트폰 사용방법 교육과 더불어 올바른 부모의 양육태도를 위한 부모교육이 도움이 될 수 있으며, 이와 함께 제도적인 노력이 필요하다는 시사점을 제시하였다.

• 초등상담연구
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.143-162
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 Fraley, Waller 및 Brennan(2000)이 개발한 개정판 친밀관계경험 질문지(Experiences in Close Relationships -Revised: ECR-R)의 문항 제작과정을 근거로 하여 아동의 애착유형을 신뢰롭고 타당하게 측정하기 위한 아동용 부모애착척도를 구성하고 기본적인 신뢰도와 문항반응이론에 근거한 몇가지 문항특성정보를 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 ECR-R의 원래 문항과 기존의 애착검사들에서 사용하고 있는 문항들을 수집하여 1차 예비문항을 도출하고, 이를 4~6학년 아동이 이해하기 쉽고 근거한 원문항의 의미와 최대한 같도록 수정하고 보완하여 2차 예비문항을 작성한 후, 초등학교 4~6학년 학생(N=576명)에게 실시하였다. 수거한 자료를 사용해서 2모수 등급반응모형을 적용하여 30문항으로 된 애착척도를 구성하였다. 그 결과 아동용 부모애착검사의 내적 합치도는 회피척도의 경우 .94~.95, 불안척도의 경우 .85~.86의 범위이었고, 검사-재검사 신뢰도는 회피척도의 경우 .71~.77, 불안척도의 경우 .53~.68의 범위이었다. 또한 문항반응이론(IRT)을 적용하여 문항변별도와 문항정보값을 살펴본 결과 문항변별도는 적절한 범위에 있었고 문항정보값 역시 높았다. 위계적 군집분석인 K-means방법을 적용한 결과 안정형, 거부형, 몰두형, 두려움형의 4범주로 분류할 수 있었다. 또한 애착유형에 따른 애착척도 점수의 평균과 표준편차를 알아보기 위해 일원분산분석(ANOVA)한 결과 회피와 불안척도는 안정형, 몰두형, 거부형, 두려움형 애착에서 모두 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 타당도와 관련한 제한점을 논의하였다.

• 디자인학연구
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.163-178
• /
• 2004

본 연구에서는 신제품 개발시 최적 디자인을 선정하기 위한 의사결정방법이 많지 않은 상황에서 계층적 분석 모형을 이용해 신제품 디자인 요소들간의 계층적 구조를 분석하고 요인별 중요도를 추출하였다. 신제품 디자인 개발에 적용되는 디자인 요소의 중요도를 도출하기 위해 우선순위 도출에 관한 연구모형을 설계하고, 평가항목을 설정하였으며, 이들 변인들간의 관계를 알아보기 위해 실증적 연구접근을 실시하였다. 분석에 의한 디자인 요소별 평가결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 적용을 위한 항목선정에 있어서 선행연구 자료를 통해 도출한 평가요소들을 다차원척도를 통해 4가지 차원으로 그룹화하였으며, Digital TV 제품과 관련된 속성을 36항목으로 구성하였다. 요인분석을 통하여 36항목의 평가세부기준들을 가능한 줄여서 간명성을 확보하고, 여러 항목들이 가지고 있는 특성을 하나의 요인으로 줄였다. 그 결과로 기능적 요소에서는 4개 요인을 추출하였고, 심미적 요소에는 3개 요인을 추출하였으며, 상징적 요소와 경제적 요소에서는 각각 2개 요인을 추출하였다. 둘째, 하나로 묶은 세부요인들은 다시 계층적 분석법을 통해서 서로간의 1:1 비교를 통해 중요도를 산출하였다. “Digital TV 구매시 디자인 요소의 중요도 평가”라는 전반적인 목표를 달성하기 위해 고려해야 할 상위기준과 각 기준에 대한 하위기준을 계층화하고 그에 따른 쌍별비교를 통해 요소의 중요 우선순위를 도출하였다.