• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.497-509
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• 2008

현재 패킷 분류에 대한 다양한 알고리즘들이 연구되어 오고 있다 그 중 HiCuts와 HyperCuts와 같은 디시젼(decision) 트리에 기초한 패킷 분류 알고리즘은 룰의 각 필드가 가지는 영역에 따른 기하학적 구조를 이용한 방법으로 잘 알려져 있다. 그러나 이 알고리즘들은 분할(cutting)을 수행할 필드(Field)를 선택하거나 디시젼 트리의 각 노드에서 컷(cut)의 수를 결정해야 하는 등의 비교적 복잡한 작업을 요구하므로 현실적으로 구현하기 어려운 점을 가진다. 또한 각 룰이 차지하는 영역의 특성을 고려하지 않고 일정한 크기의 영역으로 커팅이 이루어지므로 효과적인 커팅을 하지 못하는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 새로운 영역 분할을 사용한 효과적인 패킷 분류 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 먼저 프리픽스를 가지는 두 필드를 이용하여 각 룰이 차지하는 영역들을 찾아내 이들을 이용해 영역분할을 수행한다. 따라서 제안된 알고리즘은 보다 효율적인 디시젼 트리를 구성한다. 즉, 디시젼 트리의 각 노드에서는 HiCuts이나 HyperCuts와 같은 복잡한 작업없이 최적화된 커팅을 수행할 수 있다. 클래스 벤치에서 제공된 데이타베이스에 대하여 시뮬레이션을 수행한 결과, 제안된 알고리즘은 평균 검색 속도에서 기존의 알고리즘들보다 훨씬 향상되었고 메모리 요구량에서는 기존의 커팅 알고리즘과 비교하여 대략 $3{\sim}300$배까지 크게 줄어드는 효과를 보였다.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 고성능 네트워크 응용에서 사용하기 위한 트래픽 패턴 매칭 하드웨어를 제안한다. 제안하는 트래픽 패턴 매칭 하드웨어는 고속 망에서 다양한 종류의 정보 유출이나 침입을 차단하기 위한 콘텐츠 보안 시스템에서 사용 할 목적으로 설계되었다. 제안하는 하드웨어는 헤더 검색부와 스트링 패턴 매칭부로 구성되었다. 헤더 검색부의 하드웨어 구현에는, 흔히 TCAM(Ternary CAM) 구현이 사용되지만 하드웨어나 메모리 비용과 전력 소모 면에서 비효율적이므로, 본 논문에서는 비교기 배열과 HiCuts 트리에 기반을 둔 구현 기법을 채택하고 이를 수정하여 적용하였다. Xilinx FPGA XC4VSX55을 사용한 구현에서, 제안된 설계는 TCAM 구현에 비하여 FPGA 슬라이스 사용을 약 26%까지 그리고 블록 RAM의 사용을 약 58%까지 절약할 수 있었다. 스트링 패턴 매칭부의 설계에서는 하드웨어 면에서 효율적이며, 충돌 발생률을 감소시킬 수 있도록 구성을 바꿔 전력 소모를 감소시킬 수 있는 셀룰러 오토마타형 해싱 모듈을 설계하여 사용하였다.

• 천문학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.41-53
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• 1999

We have carried out high-resolution observations along one-dimensional cuts through the three Galactic super-shells GS 064-01-97, GS 090-28-17, and GS 174+02-64 in the HI 21 cm and CO J=l-0 lines. By comparing the HI data with IRAS data, we have derived the distributions of the $I_{100}$ and $T_{100}$ excesses, which are, respectively, the 100 ${\mu}m$ intensity and 100 ${\mu}m$ optical depth in excess of what would be expected from HI emission. We have found that both the $I_{100}$ and $T_{100}$ excesses have good correlations with the CO integrated intensity W co in all three supershells. But the $I_{100}$ excess appears to underestimate $H_2$ column density N($H_2$) by factors of 1.5-3.8. This factor is the ratio of atomic to molecular infrared emissivities, and we show that it can be roughly determined from the HI and IRAS data. By comparing the $T_{100}$ excess with $W_{co}$, we derive the conversion factor X $\equiv$ N ($H_2$) /$W_{co}{\simeq}$ 0.26 - 0.66 in the three supershells. In GS 090- 28-17, which is a very diffuse shell, our result suggests that the region with N($H_2$) $\le$ $3 {\times} 10^{20} cm^{-2}$ does not have observable CO emission, which appears to be consistent with previous results indicating that diffuse molecular gas is not observable in CO. Our results show that the molecular gas has a 60/100 ${\mu}m$ color temperature $T_d$ lower than the atomic gas. The low value of $T_d$ might be due either to the low equilibrium temperature or to the lower abundance of small grains, or a combination of both.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권5호
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• pp.1098-1113
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• 2021

Maturation process of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) could be prevented by the reduction of lignin content in terms of conventional breeding or transgenic technology. Alfalfa could exhibit higher leaf/stem ratio, with a concern of yield loss. The objective of this study was to compare forage yield and nutritive value of low lignin alfalfa and two reference varieties subjecting to two harvest intervals and three seeding rates. The experimental design was a randomized complete block in a split-split plot arrangement with four replicates, where harvest intervals (28-day and 35-day) were assigned to whole plots, seeding rates were subplots, and varieties were sub-subplots. The weighted mean nutritive value was applied to two production years of 2016 and 2017. Hi-Gest 360 (low lignin alfalfa) provided similar yield potential and increased nutritive value compared to two reference varieties. Over a two-year production period, alfalfa harvested at every 28-day interval provided more economic returns than those at 35-day interval. For the seeding year and first production year, five cuts made by the 28-day interval produced more yield than four cuts by the 35-day interval. Due to limited rainfall in May 2017, a sharp drop of the first cutting overturned the advantage of the five-cut system. Shorter intervals between harvests generally increased crude protein (CP) concentrations. The differences of relative feed value (RFV) between two harvest intervals tended to be great during the first and second cuttings. Overall, harvest interval had a large effect on nutritive value and a more significant effect on alfalfa dry matter yield than variety selection. Seeding rate did not affect alfalfa yield and nutritive value.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.447-458
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• 2009

The advent of various arts and remarkable development of mass media since 1980s accelerate fashion photographs' advancement. The expression of fashion through photographs can represent characteristics of ages, societies, cultures, traits of designers and techniques of photographers. This study focuses on Cindy Sherman's fashion photographs, which represent different kinds of respect to the women's states and identity. Cindy Sherman describes neglected women, sexual characteristics, and tries to overcome the limitation existing in modern society. By analyzing her fashion photographs, women's identities can be examined and the new trial of fashion photographs' expression is able to be considered as well. The results are summarized into two traits. The first is grotesque images, which have strange cuts, dissolved and deformed bodies. Those are expressions to subvert the stereotype of women. The second is amusement, which is expressed with uncanny and ridiculous appearances. These fun images are challenges to depict human instinct and also symbolic plays.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2004

High speed machining is a machining process which cuts materials with the fast movement and rotation of a spindle in a machine tool. It reduces machining time because of the high feed and the high speed of a spindle. In addition it gets rid of post processes for high precision machining. When the high speed machining is applied to especially hardened steel, operators should select the proper parameters of machining. This can produce machining surfaces which is qualified with good surface roughness. This paper presents a method for selecting machining parameters to minimize surface roughness with high speed machining in cutting the hardened steels. Experimental data for surface roughness are collected in a machining shop based on the cutting feed and the spindle rotation. The data fits in hi-cubic polynomial surface of mathematical form. From the model this research minimize the surface roughness to find the optimal values of the feed and the spindle speed. This paper presents a program which automatically generates optimal solutions from the raw data of experiments.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제7호
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• pp.189-240
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• 2009

This essay aims to develop a critical approach of interpretation in examining the panoptical condition of representation that is said to permeate the tradition of modern realism in novels and paintings. In defining this approach, I am interested in the problem or inability of panoptical representation to tell a coherent story of solitude(solitary confinement, isolation, self-absorption, etc.) in a range of texts from prison documents to paintings and novels, and also what might occasion such an inability including social, material, or stylistic contradictions and conflicting epistemological angles. This task potentially anticipates a trajectory of readings and investigations that cuts through the history of panoptical representation, which is outside the scope of this essay. In this writing, I will engage in a series of debates with what I consider as major theories and views of panoptical representation offered by Jeremy Bentham, John Bender, and Michael Fried. Based on this, I will formulate a conceptual or methodological frame of discourse that would envisage an anti-panoptical approach of interpretation. As an attempt to validate this formulation, I will offer a reading of Henry Mayhew's Criminal Prisons of London and Scenes of Prison Life(1862), a case of panoptical representation that produces a peculiar sense of ambivalence while accounting for sites of penal solitude.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.799-814
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• 2021

Information is lacking about the effect of date of a fall cut of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on dry matter yield (DMY), forage nutritive value, and stands persistence. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of timing of a fall cut on DMY, forage nutritive value and stand persistence of three alfalfa varieties: low-lignin Hi-Gest 360, Roundup Ready Tonica, and conventional Gunner in Northeastern Kansas in the United States. The field study was carried out by splitting plot in randomized complete block design with four replications. The harvesting data of different maturity stages were collected in each year from 2015 to 2018. Three cuts were harvested based on the stage of maturity, and the last (fourth) cut was done on September 15, September 30, October 15, and October 30 of each year. The persistence of the alfalfa stands was determined each fall after the last cut, and each spring after the first cut, by counting the number of live plants in a randomly placed quadrat in each plot. Alfalfa cut on September 15 and September 30 had a higher stand persistence compared to alfalfa cut on October 15 and October 30. The DMY of the first cut in 2016 was significantly higher in roundup ready than the low-lignin alfalfa variety. In the second cut, DMY was significantly higher in conventional alfalfa than the roundup ready. There were no significant differences in DMY between alfalfa varieties in the rest of seasonal cuttings in 2016 and 2017 and annual total yield in both years. In general, low lignin alfalfa variety had higher crude protein and relative feed value and lower acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber contents than those in roundup ready and conventional alfalfa varieties. On average, nutritive value of alfalfa was generally affected by last cutting dates in 2017. Based on 3-year data the last cutting of alfalfa in the fall could be done by September 30-October 15 without harmful effect on DMY.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.471-482
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• 1996

Early recognition of coalescence in pneumoconiotic lesions is important because such coalescence is associated with the respiratory symptoms and deterioration of lung function. This complicated form of pneumoconiosis also has worse prognosis than does simple pneumoconiosis. High resolution computerized tomography(HRCT) provides significant additional information on the stage of the pneumoconiosis because it easily detects coalescence of nodules and emphysema that may not be apparent on the simple radiograph. The purpose of this study is to clarify the role of HRCT in detection of large opacity and the relationship of change between the coalescence of nodules or emphysema and lung function in dust exposed workers. 1. There was good correlation between the HRCT grade of pneumoconiosis and ILO category of profusion. 5(9.09%) in 55 study population had confluent nodule extending eve, two o, more cuts on HRCT. HRCT could identify the pneumoconiotic nodules which was not found by simple radiogrphy in 6 workers with category 0/0. 2. No significant difference was observed coalescence of nodules and emphysema by dust type. 3. There was no significant difference in pulmonary function according to ILO and HRCT classification. 4. HRCT could detect the significant reduction in $FEV_1,\;FEV_1/FVC$, PEFR, $FEF_{25},\;FEF_{50},\;and\;FEF_{75}$ and remarkable increase in RV and TLC in study persons with emphysema compared with non-emphysema group. 5. Emphysema was found more often in nodules-coalescence group than small opacity group by HRCT. We found that HRCT could easily detect areas of coalescence and complicated emphysema compared to plain chest X-ray. Also our data suggest that it is primarily the degree of emphysema rather than the degree of pneumoconiosis that determines the level of pulmonary function.