• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.9-19
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• 2013

This research was performed to make functional papers by using the waste of herbal medicine such as Astragalus membranaceus, Angelica acutiloba, and Artemisia capillaris as additives, and to evaluate their physical and optical properties of the manufactured paper. The physical and optical properties were decreased with the increase of the amount of herbal medicine. Of those manufactured papers, the functional paper with Artemisia capillaris showed the dramatic decrease in its physical properties. Adding the herbal medicine waste as additives developed the aesthetic pattern on the surface of the manufactured paper. The paper showing the black pattern on white surface was most favored. Different patterns could be made by changing the size of fibers and the amount of wastes. There was odor emitted from the paper due to the herbal medicine waste, which make the paper to have a potential for the diverse purpose. The herbal medicine waste can be applied to replace weighting agents in the manufacturing process of paper or used for the fuctional additives, resulting in the reduce of the quantity of a pulp consumed. The paper with 10-20% Angelica acutiloba waste were thought to have the most excellent quality on the process point of view.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2012

This study examined the efficacy of natural ingredient formulated herbal medicine as feed additives against coccidiosis in broiler chicken. Medicinal herbs used in this study were Artemisia annua, Pulsatilla chinensis, Clematis chinensis and Scutellaria baicalensis. Two week old chicks were administered with 1% ingredient formulated herbal medicine. Observations of the efficacy were confirmed by examining the lesion score, histopathological appearance of cecum, shedding of fecal oocyst and production index in farm. S. baicalensis of the most effective substance were analyzed by UPLC. The results are as follows; among various types of Chinese medicine, the most efficacious ingredient was found to be pure bicalein. The major index substance is bicalein and $13{\mu}g/ml$ per gram was found. Feeding of chickens with S. baicalensis induced the coccidiostat effect and reduced the fecal shedding of E. tenella oocyst by 14%. Experimental results on a farm, feed conversion ratio and weight gain and production rate in the group with natural ingredient formulated additives than in control group increased. The rate of weight gain (%) in each experimental group showed 108% and 126% increase while the mortality rate was 1.4% lower than the control group. The investigation showed that the most efficacious ingredient was found to be S. baicalensis among herbal medicine products for coccidiostats. However, as it was found in the farm experiment that pure S. baicalensis alone is economically unviable. The additives with cocktailed of efficacious ingredient are suggested to be implemented for effective protection against coccidiosis.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.249-257
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of medicinal plants with additives on storage characteristics of sausage. The water activity of the sausage with the additives tended to decrease with the storage time: the highest value was shown in the Angelica added sausage samples, in both cases added with dried powder as well as with extracted powder. The Paeonia extract powder added sausage had the lowest pH value. The herbal plant added sausages showed the lowest cooking and storage losses among all. The values of TBA (thiobarbituric acid value) and VBN (volatile basic nitrogen) increased with storage time, but the values of the sample with the extract powder additive were lower than those of the freeze-dry powder additive. Total plate counts of bacteria increased with storage time fur all samples, but those for the samples with Pueraria, Platycodon, Angelica, Bupleurum and Paeonia additives exhibited lower values than the control. From the above results, the sausages with medicinal plant additives showed the superior storage safety and quality characteristics.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.125-129
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• 2005

This experiment was conducted for the development of oriental feed additives in broiler chicks. It conducted experiment to investigate the effect of $1\%$ dietary supplementation of oriental feed additives containing oriental herbal medicines such as Saururus Chnensis B.(S. chnensis) and Carthamus Tinctorius L.(C. tinctorius) on growth performance, and physicochemical properties in broiler chicks. The results of this study demonstrated that chicks feed $1\%$ oriental feed additives decreased feed gain, and death rates compared with control treatment. Weight gain and meat color were higher in the $1\%$ supplement group than control. The supplementation of $1\%$ oriental feed additives increased unsaturated fatty acid, and reduced crude fat in the broiler chicks compared with those of control. In conclusion, this study implied that oriental feed additives containing oriental herbal medicines such as S. Chnensis and C. Tinctorius were effective in improving broiler chicks on growth performance, physical-chemical properties and is highly recommended for increasing economic returns.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.1491-1498
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• 2015

In this study we investigated the effect of vaccine efficacy and immune activities by feeding additives several natural herbal remedies extracts of Sweet Wormwood (Artemisia annua), Galla Rhois, Oriental raisin tree (Havenia Dulicis) and 6-mixed herb to Oilve flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Each group of fish fed with the herbal remedies added feed and basic formula during the seven weeks and vaccinated with Edwardsiella tarda Formalin killed vaccine after 4 weeks feeding. Relative Percentage Survival values (RPS) in the group was assessed by the challenge with E.tarda. All groups with the herbal remedies added feed enhanced growth rate, but there were not significantly different in lysozyme activity and agglutination titer. In a challenge experiment with E.tarda, RPS in the all groups feeding additives natural herbal remedies was higher than that of the control group. These results suggest that the natural herbal remedies extracts of Sweet Wormwood (Artemisia annua), Galla Rhois, Oriental raisin tree (Havenia Dulicis) and 6-mixed herb would be effective to enhance efficacy of vaccination to Olive flounder.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.189-194
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• 2003

The present study was conducted to investigate the preventive effect of feed supplemented with 1.0% oriental herbal medicine feed additives (OHMFA) on the colonization of Salmonella spp. and incidence of death in broiler chickens. The frequency of Salmonella spp. in feces samples treated with OHMFA (25/239; 10.5%) was significantly reduced (p<0.05) than that of control group (83/347; 23.9%). A total of 108 Salmonella spp, belonging to four different serotypes, were isolated from three broiler farms. Among the serotypes isolated, Salmonella typhimurium was the moot prevalent (60.2%), followed by S. enteritidis (20.4%), S. gallinarum (13.0%) and S. pullorum (6.4%). In incidence of death in chickens during experiment, the mortality of rate OHMFA group (3.9%) was significantly lower (p<0.01) than that of control group (5.7%). These results show that the administration of OHMFA may prevent the colonization of Salmonella in chickens.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2003

In this study, antibacterial activity on the chicken feed supplemented with different concentrations of oriental herbal medicine feed additives (OHMFA) extract was tested for some organisms and their preventive effects on the colonization of Salmonella enteritidis (SE) in broiler chickens were examined. The growth of Bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited on the feed of 0.25% OHMFA and Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli O157:H7 were inhibited on the feed containing 2.0% level. The broiler chickens fed a forage additived 1.0% level of OHMFA after inoculation of a $10^7CFU/ml$ of SE were increased in weight than the chicken fed forage without OHMFA. The incidence of SE in liver, spleen and cecum of the chickens fed forage with OHMFA was decreased on the 7th days of postinfection and SE was not isolated from the organs of the chickens after the 14th days of postinfection. Serum antibody titers of the chickens were lowered than the control group.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.262-267
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to research for anti-oxidation and anti-wrinkle effects of Acar mono Sap (AM). To cosmetic effect of AM, safety effect (MTT assay), anti-wrinkle effect (elastase, MMP-1 inhibition assay) and anti-oxidant effect (DPPH assay) were measured. When water extract of AM was used for cell viability, it was over 100% at 6% (6 ml/100 ml in phosphate buffer) concentration. AM showed 45.7% elastase inhibition and 23.7% MMP-1 inhibition at 50% (50 ml/100 ml in phosphate buffer) concentration so that it had good anti-wrinkle characteristic. And AM showed 68.9% antioxidation capacity at 50% concentration by using a DPPH assay. Consequently, AM can be used as natural materials or additives for human skin owing to their beneficial biologic functions, including the anti-wrinkle effect, for cosmetic compositions.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.32 no.2 s.89
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• pp.186-191
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• 2006

Metal contamination of medicinal herbs is of growing concern because of their potential adverse health effects. In this study, metal exposures were estimated and their potential health risks were preliminarily evaluated using available data including metal contamination levels and consumption estimates of herbal medicine in Korea. Consumption and contamination data of 34 medicinal herbs abundantly used in Oriental medicine in Korea were used in this study. Lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, and chrome were identified as contaminants of potential health concerns. Even based on a conservative exposure scenario, i.e., consuming 5 times more herbal medicine with 95th percentile contamination levels, health risks associated with herbal medicine consumption were estimated to be minuscule. Herbal consumption was 0.3% of the provisional tolerable daily intake levels recommended by Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) of WHO/FAO. However, it should be noted that there are several important assumptions and uncertainties associated with this evaluation: This study was conducted for only 34 types of medicinal herbs of which consumption and metal contamination data were available. In addition, there are no reliable herbal medicine consumption data among Korean population. The pattern and amount of herbal (medicine) consumption in Korea need to be investigated in order to conduct more refined risk assessment associated with metal contamination in medicinal herbs.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2010

Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Leguminosae) is a well-known herbal medicine that has long been valued as a demulcent to relieve inflammatory disorders. To compare the influence of different solvents on the anti-inflammatory efficacy of G. uralensis, we measured the inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators such as NO, TNF-$\alpha$, and $PGE_2$ in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells by extracts produced using different solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, or n-hexane). The results showed that methanol was the most effective solvent for the inhibition of both NO and $PGE_2$ production in RAW 264.7 cells. However, there was no difference among the extracts for inhibition of TNF-$\alpha$. Further study must be performed for the analysis of correlation between the anti-inflammatory activity of extracts produced using different solvents and the content of major bioactive compounds in G. uralensis, such as glycyrrhizin and liquiritin. The present study suggests that methanol may be a more appropriate solvent of G. uralensis than other solvents (water, ethanol, and n-hexane) to yield the greatest anti-inflammatory activity for food additives and medicine.