• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.665-678
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• 1994

This study was undertaken to investigate histological changes according to the radiosensitivity in the spermatogenic cells in Korean native pheasants. During spermatogenetic period, testes wete collected from male adult Korean native pheasant and they were used as experimental and control birds. The experimental group was divided into a single-dose whole body irradiation group(400, 600, 800 and 1000 rads) and a split-dose whole body irradiation groups(400/2, 600/2, 800/2 and 1000/2 rads). A Henseky's $^{60}Co$ ${\gamma}$-radiotherapy machine was used for this experiment and the dose rate of $^{60}Co$ ${\gamma}$-ray was 104 rads/min. The experimental birds were sacrificed at 24 and 72 hrs after irradiation and the control pheasants were sacrificed at the same time. General histological changes of seminiferous epithelial cells were observed by hematoxylin-eosin stain with light microscope. The results obtained are summarized as follows ; 1. In the single-dose and the split-dose irradiation groups, the average diameter of the seminiferous tubule was decreased compared with control group. 2. Seminiferous epithelial cells were more severely damaged after 72 hrs than after 24 hrs of single-dose irradiation of 400, 600 and 800 rads but the difference of cell injury was almost not observable with the elapsed time in the group of the single-dose irradiation of 1000 rads. 3. The damage of spermatogenic cells were more severe after 24 hrs than after 72 hrs of the split-dose irradiation of 400 rads but the split-dose irradiation of 600, 800 and 1000 rads were more severe after 72 hrs than after 24 hrs.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.317-332
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of the natural coral(NC) and the hydroxyapatite/calcium sulfate hemihydrate(HA/CS) on an early stages of wound healing in the rat periodontal fenestration defects. In this experiment, twelve male rats(Mean : 520g in BW) aged 8 to 9 months were used. Experimental periodontal fenestration defects were surgically created with tapered fissure bur at the buccal surface of the left mandibular 1st, 2nd molars. The buccal aspects of molar roots were carefully denuded of their periodontal ligament through a bony window created in the left mandibles of rats under general anesthesia. Each experimental periodontal fenestration defect was grafted with natural coral and HA/CS, randomly. An area without bone graft was assigned for negative control group. At 10,35 days, rats were serially sacrificed via intracardiac perfusion with 2.5% glutaraldehyde and specimens were processed with Hematoxylin-Eosin stain for light microscopic evaluation. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The defect areas were filled with dense connective tissues at 10 days in control group. But in the test(NC, HA/CS)groups, the connective tissues around graft materials were formed more loosely and the response of inflammation by graft materials itself was not found. 2. The defect areas were filled with new osteoid tissues and new cementum was not formed on the cut root surface at 35 days in the control group. 3. New osteoid tissue formation was more prominent at 35 days in control than test groups. 4. The NC and HA/CS particles were encapsulated by loose connective tissues at 10 days and by dense connective tissues at 35 days, respectively. 5. In the test groups, resorption of graft particles was not found through the experimental time. From the above results, natural coral and hydroxyapatite/calcium sulfate hemihydrate may be biocompatible and osteoconductive and have a weak adverse reaction to the periodontal tissues.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to preliminarily evaluate the influence of diabetes mellitus (DM) on periodontal tissue without establishment of periodontitis. Methods: Seven-week-old db/db mice were used for the diabetic experimental group and systematically healthy mice of the same age were used as controls. After 1 week of acclimatization, the animals were sacrificed for hard and soft tissue evaluation. The pattern of bone destruction was evaluated by stereomicroscope evaluation with alizarin red staining and radiographic evaluation by microscopic computerized tomography images. Histological evaluation was performed with hematoxylin and eosin stain for evaluation of soft tissue changes. Results: In both stereomicroscope evaluation and radiograph image analysis, aggressive form of bone destruction was observed in diabetic animals when compared to the systematically healthy controls. In histological evaluation, apical migration of junctional epithelium with slight inflammatory cell infiltration was observed with disarrangement of connective tissue fibers. Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, diabetic animals presented distortion in periodontal attachment and an aggressive bone loss pattern when compared to the healthy controls, suggesting that DM has an independent effect on periodontal tissue destruction irrespective of the presence or absence of periodontal disease.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2021

Objectives : This study was undertaken to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of Spatholobi Caulis water extract (SC) to thioacetamide (TAA)-induced acute liver injury (ALI) in rats. Methods : The rats were injected intraperitoneally with TAA (200 mg/kg body weight) and orally administered SC (100 or 200 mg/kg b.w.) daily for 3 days. Liver biomarkers were assessed by serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and ammonia levels. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured both serum and liver tissue. In addition, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, anti-oxidant, and inflammation-related proteins were investigated by western blot analysis. Histological examination further confirmed though hematoxylin and eosin stain. Results : The SC treatment reduced liver function markers like GOT and GPT and also remarkably decreased ammonia level. Moreover, the elevated MDA level in TAA-induced group was significantly reduced by SC treatment. NADPH oxidase expression associated with oxidative stress including NOX2, NOX4, and p47phox markedly inhibited by SC administration. SC treatment exerted anti-oxidant effect through the increase of anti-oxidant enzyme including superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). The protein expressions of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-�� (TNF-��), IL-6, and IL-1�� induced by nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-��B) activation were modulated through blocking the phosphorylation of inhibitor of nuclear factor ��B�� (I��B)��. SC treatment also improved histological alterations. Conclusion : These findings suggested that SC administration may be a potential candidate for the prevention or treatment of ALI.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.312-315
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• 2008

Purpose: Amelanotic melanoma represents a melanoma with an absence or a small number of melanin pigments and comprises 2% of all melanomas. These melanomas are frequently misdiagnosed, probably because of its nonspecific clinical features and difficulty in diagnosis, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. We report a patient with amelanotic melanoma, who underwent surgical treatment with sentinel lymph node biopsy using gamma probe. Methods: A 32-year-old female was presented with a slowly growing ill-defined, hypopigmented nonerythematous lesion with nail defect on right index finger tip. Preoperative punch biopsy was performed, showing an amelanotic melanoma. Sentinel lymph node biopsy was done using gamma probe(Crystal probe system, CRYSTAL PHOTONICS GmbH, Germany) and confirmed no evidence of regional lymph node metastases. The patient underwent amputation at the proximal interphalangeal joint. Results: Histopathologic findings showed superficial spreading melanoma. There were no melanin pigments in Hematoxylin & Eosin stain but positive immunohistochemical stainings for S-100 protein and Hmb45, which were consistent with amelanotic melanoma. Patient's postoperative course was uneventful without any complication and had no evidence of recurrence of tumor in 6 months follow-up period. Conclusion: Amelanotic melanoma is extremely rare subtype of malignant melanoma with histopathologic findings of atypical melanocytes without melanin pigments. Early detection is crucial since survival is strongly related to tumor thickness and tissue invasion at the time of diagnosis. Wide excision is the treatment of choice and other conjunctive therapy has not been successful.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.254-261
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• 2009

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the heparin effect for a viability of random - pattern dorsal flap in hairless mouse. Methods: A caudally - based random dorsal flap, measuring $1.5{\times}5cm$, was designed and heparin was applied topically after microneeding. Twenty five male hairless mice were randomly divided into control (Group1, n=5); received only microneedling (Group 2, n=5), only heparin(Group3, n=5), microneedling with saline(Group 4, n=5), and microneedling with heparin group(group5,n=5) to the flap during 7 days. The number of the capillaries were compared between the experimental groups and control group with respect to neovascularization after heparin application using imaging analysis program under hematoxylin - eosin stain. The capillary blood flow was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry. After seven days each animal was evaluated for the percentage area of the flap survival. Mann - Whitnety U test and Kruskal - Wallis statistical analysis of survival relationships was performed. Results: It can be observed increased number of the blood vessels in the experimental groups however it was not statistically significant. Blood flow of the haparin with microneedling group maintained higher than other experimental groups. Treated microneeding and heparin mice were significantly better flap viability than in controls (flap survival 67% and $54.4mm^2$ respectively; p<.01). Positive correlation was shown between flap survival rate and laser Doppler flux value only at first day after surgery. Conclusion: Heparin has a beneficial effect on capillary flow and improve peripheral circulatory disturbances in random pattern flaps.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 1994

The morphological changes of Sertoli cells of the Korean native pheasant were studied in the active and inactive spermatogenic phases. Twenty-four male of the pheasants were studied in the active (April~June) and inactive(August~March) phase. These data are useful in studying the male genital organs of the Korean native pheasant. Light microscopic morphological changes of the Sertoli cells were studied on paraffin-embedded sections stained with hematoxylin-eosin stain. Ultrastructural changes of Sertoli cells were investigated of ultrathin section using electron microscope. Results are summarized as follows: During the active phase, the average diameter of seminiferous tubule was $245.33{\pm}29.93{\mu}m$ and was largely decreased by $94.50{\pm}14.10{\mu}m$, and the thickness of interstitial tissue was comparatively increased during the inactive phase. During the active phase, in the cytoplasmic process of Sertoli cell and lipid droplets appeared disperse. Well-developed smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum and microtuble were observed in the cytoplasmic process. The nuclei of Sertoli cells were adjacent to the basement membrane. The size of nuclei was reduced and nuclei of Sertoli cells were densely packed within the tubule. Few collagen fibers, fibroblast and various sizes of lipid droplets were observed in the interstitial cell of the seminiferous tubule.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.107-126
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• 2006

Purpose : This study was peformed to evaluate the effect of Kamijoaguiem(JGE) on the bone mass and its related factors. Methods : We used ovariectomized rat as an estrogen-deficient animal model. The model rats of osteoporosis showed a significant decrease in bone density, bone ash density, calcium content of femur bone. At the 7th day after operating ovariectomy, rats were administered with JGE per orally, and continued for 10 weeks. And osteoporosis related parameters were determined to investigate the effect of JGE. Results : Bone density, bone ash density, bone calcium, magnesium and phosphorus was decreased in osteoporotic rats. JGE improved the decreased bone density, bone ash density and the decreased bone magnesium, but JGE didn't improve the decreased bone calcium and phosphorus in osteoporotic rats. Osteocalcin in serum and hydroxy-proline excretion in urine were increased in osteoporotic rats. Their levels were decreased when JGE was administered. ALP activity in serum was increased in osteoporotic rats. JGE didn't induce any significant changes. JGE showed significant increase in serum calcium level, total protein level, albumin level, BUN level, serum LDH activity. JGE didn't show significant increase in serum T-cholesterol density, triglyceride density, HDL-cholesterol density. JGE didn't show significant increase in RBC number, hemoglobin level, platelet number, hematocrit level. JGE showed inhibitory effect on the degradation of bone-matrix in osteoporotic rats, in histological examination to Hematoxylin-eosin stain. Conclusion : JGE might improve bone density due to inhibition of bone resolution in osteoporotic rats. It suggest that JGE may be useful prescription in osteoporosis.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.38-60
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of Far-infrared on mice rheumatoid arthritis induced by type II collagen. The author peformed several experimental tests which were the hematoxylin-eosin tissue stain, the hind paw thickness, and ELSIA of cytokines(TNF-$\alpha$, IL-1$\beta$). On day 14 and 21, FIR-Tx. group decreased in synovial membrane thickness more than control II group FIR-Tx group decreased in hind paw thickness more than control II group. In the ELISA test of TNF-$\alpha$ concentration, control II group significantly increased in the concentration more than normal and FIR-Tx. group on day 7, 14, and 21. In the ELISA test of IL-$\beta$ concentration, FIR-Tx. group decreased in the concentration more than control II group on day 14 and 21. With J's Linear Function Data Process Program, researchers can get the estimated the concentration or the hind paw thickness from this experiment. The estimated results would be a good guide to therapists and researchers, planning Far-infrared application on the rheumatoid arthritis. These results indicated that far-infrared irradiating appeared to reduce the concentration of TNF-$\alpha$ and IL-1$\beta$ at mouse model of autoimmune arthritis. It would be considered that Far-infrared has an effect on relieving rheumatoid arthritis.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.91-109
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to evaluate histologically the resorption and tissue response of various resorbale membranes used for guided tissue regneration procedures, using a subcutaneous model on the dorsal surface of the rat. In this study, 12 Sprague-Dawley male rats(mean BW 150gm) were used and the commercially available materials included dense collagen membrane, freeze-dried bovine dura mater loos collagen membrane, PLA/PLGA membrane. Animals were sacrificed at 3, 6 and 8 weeks after implantation of various resorbable membranes. Specimens were prepared with Hematoxylin-Eosin stain for light microscopic evaluation. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Resorption : Loose collagen membrane group was resorbed most rapidly. Dense collagen membrane group and freeze-dried bovine dura mater group were rarely resorbed. 2. Inflammatory reactions : PLA/PLGA membrane group showed persistent and severe inflammatory reactions for 3 to 8 weeks. Moderate inflammatory reactions and the ectopic formation of calcified material were observed in dense collagen membrane group. Freeze-dried bovine dura mater group and loose collagen membrane group showed mild inflammatory reactions 3. In PLA/PLGA membrane group, multinucleated giant cells by foreign body reactions were observed. In conclusion, the resorption of freeze-dried bovine dura mater didn't happen for 3-6weeks, which showed the best bio-compatibility. Therefore, freeze-dried bovine dura mater was considered proper resorbable membrane for guided tissue regeneration.