• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.198-206
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• 1981

A field research was conducted to evaluate the effects of inoculation of Rhizobium meliloti and lime application on the early growth of alfalfa, var. Luna, in an acid soil. Alfalfa seeds were inoculated by lime-peat pelleting method with $A_3$ strain isolated from alfalfa roots. Both inoculated and noninoculated seeds were sown in acid soil (pH 5.5) with three levels of lime application (1, 3, 6 ton/ha) on mid-April. Inoculated seeds produced many effective nodules in early stage and increased nitrogen and chlorophyll contents of leaf, consequently stimulating alfalfa growth. Pseudo nodules were found in noninoculated, while they were seldom formed in inoculated. Lime application increased soil pH, plant height, root length, and shoot and root weight. Liming effect on nodulation was significant at first cut, but no longer after then. Both inoculation and liming increased the forage yield of alfalfa. Inoculation and liming of 6 ton/ha together produced the highest yield. As compared to control plot of nitrogen application, the effect of seed inoculation only could be equal to about 120 kg/ha nitrogen application. The total nitrogen contents of forage were little affected by number or weight of nodules and amounts of lime application.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1996 no.05
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• pp.199-202
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• 1996

Artificial hearts are intended for use in patients with severe forms of heart disease for which no surgical repair is possible. The moving-actuator pump was developed to decrease the overall volume size of the electromechanical total artificial heart (TAH) by eliminating the occupied space of the fixed-actuator in the conventional pusher-plate type pump. In our pump, the actuator moves back and forth for alternative ejections of left and right ventricles. The problem of fitting the TAH to atrial remnants and arterial vessels could also be improved by circular or penduluous mot ion of the actuator instead of linear mot ion of the pusher-plate in the conventional pumps. We have evaluated two types of moving- actuator pump; one is a rolling cylinder type, and the other a pendulum type pump. In the rolling cylinder pump, frictional energy loss exists between the pump housing's guide bars and the actuator's end caps, while the bottom rack under the cylindrical actuator increases the height of the pump, the pump is therefor not implantable inside the small chest of human-sized animals with a body weight of less than 70kg. The new human type pump has a penduluous mot ion actuator to correct the above problems while maintaining the advantage of the moving- actuator's small total volume. The totally implantable TAH is composed of a blood pump, a control system and pheriperal equipments. The blood pump, which is constructed by a moving actuator, a right and left blood sac, and four artificial valves, is implanted in the thoracic. In 1988, the first implantation of the rolling cylinder TAH was performed into a female calf weighing 100kg, and the cal f recovered to the degree of voluntary standing and eat ing and survived to 100 hrs. We then survived two female sheep weighing about 63kg with the new human type TAH for three days.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Fire Investigation
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.49-66
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to present reference data to be considered in designing fur the fire safety of atrium buildings. This study deals with the characteristics of atrium buildings in the fire safety aspect, analysis of fire examples and foreign fire codes of atrium space. And con-crete factors to be consigning fur the fire facilities of atrium buildings are presented. Recently many atrium spaces have been built in Korea. They provide new experience of space with resident and pedestrians. However, because of the lack of knowledge in design principle and disaster prevention, large loss of lives is expected in an emergency situation. cion. Therefore safety ensuring from the case is urgently needed. The following is the summary on the standard of effective fire facilities for the atrium. 1. The smoke control. inside atrium must use the machine ventilation in the atrium. 2. It is desirable to divide the section between atrium and nearby living room by anti-smoke screen in order to prevent damage by smoke when fire break out. 3. It is desirable to instill an excellent fire detector like infrared light detector as a replacement of old one. 4. It is desirable to transfer from closed operating sprinkler to fire-cycle sprinkler equipment or ablative sprinkler when the height is lower than 20m.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.74-77
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to evaluated the effect of CM (plant growth regulator) treatment on flowering, pod maturing and root yield components of Astragalus membramaceus Bunge. Three dilution rates (60, 70 and 80 times) were sprayed at $3{\sim}4$ leave stage. As the results, flowering was delayed $25{\sim}35$ days than August 13 of control and higher dilution rates was more effective to delay flowering. At the havesting time, be compared with non-treatment, plant height reduced $7.6{\sim}18.9\;cm$ and number of matured pods were decreased $50.6{\sim}76.1$ by increasing dilution rates. However, weight of dry root per plant was increased to 29% and dry root yield per 10a was increased to 28% in dilution rates 70 compared with non-treatment.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.62-70
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• 1993

There was intraspecific variation in Echinochloa crus-galli var, crus-galli in response to quinclorac, showing that plan height and dry weight of a locally collected barnyardgrass(Chinjupi) from Chinju were 90.5 and 37.8% of the untreated control, while those of a locally collected one(Iripi) from Iri showed 19.1 and 14.4%, respectively. The normal distribution curve was obtained from frequency distribution of 89 rice cultivars as affected by the application rates of quinclorac at 30, 300, and 3,000g ai/ha. Protein patterns(SDS-PAGE) of two barnyardgrasses belonging to E, crus-galli var. crus-galli such as Iripi and Chinjupi were not affected by the quinclorac application, indicating that inhibition of enzyme and/or protein biosynthesis seems to be not the primary action target of quinclorac. Electronmicroscopic observation on the injured leaf of Iripi which is considered as a susceptible one showed prominent membrane disruption. Chuchungbyeo(rice variety) resulted in a greater inhibition of tomato growth than those from Chinjupi or Iripi, indicating a great amount of quinclorac discharged from rice root, Chinjupi which is relatively tolerant to quinclorac than Iripi, discharged more quinclorac causing a greater inhibition of tomato growth.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.237-241
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• 2013

To evaluate the effects of anthocyanin-fortified barley (AFB) and whole crop barley (WCB) addition to diets, 200 Brown Nick hens were assigned to 5 treatments with 5 replicates for 8 weeks. All the treated groups differed in feed intake, egg production, egg weight, and egg mass compared to those of a control group. As the intake of barley was increased, feed intake, egg production, and egg mass decreased. In terms of egg quality, the yolk color (YC), the egg shell breaking strength (SBS), and the egg shell color (SC) differed up to 6 weeks of growth. Feeding the WCB and AFB to laying hens up to 8 weeks had a positive influence on albumin height (AH) and the haugh unit (HU). Up to 6 weeks of growth, increasing the amount of barley in the diets of the laying hens had a positive effect on the SC and the YC but had no effect on the SBS. Diets including 20% AFB and WCB increased the AH and HU to 9.10 and 94.53, respectively. The results suggest that the addition of AFB and WCB up to 10% to the diets of laying hens could improve the laying performance and the egg quality.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.544-551
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• 2013

The effect of different silicon (Si) sources and methods of application on the growth of two chrysanthemum cultivars grown in a soilless substrate was investigated. Rooted terminal cuttings of Dendranthema grandiflorum 'Lemmon Eye' and 'Pink Eye' were transplanted into pots containing a coir-based substrate. A nutrient solution containing 0 or $50mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ Si from calcium silicate ($CaSiO_3$), potassium silicate ($K_2SiO_3$) or sodium silicate ($Na_2SiO_3$) was supplied once a day through an ebb-and-flood sub irrigation system. A foliar spray of 0 or $50mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ Si was applied twice a week. Cultivar and application method had a significant effect on plant height. Cultivar, application method, and Si source had a significant effect on plant width. Of the three Si sources studied, $K_2SiO_3$ was found to be the best for the increasing number of flowers, followed by $CaSiO_3$ and $Na_2SiO_3$. In both the cultivars, sub irrigational supply of Si developed necrotic lesions in the older leaves at the beginning of the flowering stage as compared to the control and foliar spray of Si. Cultivar, application method, Si source, and their interactions had significant influence on leaf tissue concentrations of calcium (Ca), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), sodium (Na), boron (B), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn). The addition of Si to the nutrient solution decreased leaf tissue concentrations of Ca, Mg, S, Na, B, Cu, Fe, and Mn in both cultivars. The greatest Si concentration in leaf tissue was found in 'Lemmon Eye' ($1420{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$) and 'Pink Eye' ($1683{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$) when $K_2SiO_3$ was applied through a sub irrigation system and by foliar spray, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2006

Effects of ${\alpha}-amylases$ and emulsifiers on characteristics of frozen bread dough were examined during 12 weeks of storage. Fungal or bacterial ${\alpha}-amylase$ and various emulsifiers, including monoglyceride (MG), sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate (SSL), and diacetyltartaric acid ester of mono- and diglycerides (DATEM), were added to frozen dough individually and as mixtures Height of frozen dough at maximum development time, total volume of $CO_2$ gas, and retention volume increased with increasing content of emulsifiers. indicating addition of enzymes and emulsifiers had significant effect on flexibility of starch-gluten complex in dough. Frozen dough made with bacterial ${\alpha}-amylase$ showed slightly higher pH during storage than that of frozen dough with fungal ${\alpha}-amylase$. Bread made from frozen dough prepared with both enzymes and emulsifiers showed lower specific loaf volume than that of control during storage, whereas highest specific loaf volume was obtained with addition of fungal ${\alpha}-amylase$ with SSL+MG and bacterial ${\alpha}-amylase$ with MG.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.516-523
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• 2013

In this paper, The path loss model of Air Traffic Control(ATC) telecommunication radio channel has been studied at the Incheon International Airport(IIA) with the terminal with two antlers. We measured two frequencies among VHF/UHF channel bands. The transmitting site radiated the Continuous Wave(CW). The propagation measurement was taken using the moving vehicle equipped with receiver and antenna. The transmitting power, frequency and antenna height are the same as the current operating condition. The path loss exponent and intercept parameters were extracted by the basic path loss model and hata model. The path loss exponents at passager terminal areas were 3.32 and 3.10 respectively in 128.2 MHz and 269.1 MHz. The deviation of prediction error is 9.69 and 9.65. The new path loss equation at the terminal area was also developed using the derived path loss parameters. The new path loss was compared with other models. This result will be helpful for the ATC site selection and service quality evaluation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.80-84
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• 1975

The seeds, scions and plants of chestnut tree (Castanea. crenata) and Chinese chestnut tree (C. bungeana) were irradiated by gamma ray in order to know their biological effects on germination, plant growth and mutation at several accumulative doses and dose rates. The results of this study could be summarized as follows: 1. In general, the radio-sensitivity of scions was more sensitive to irradiation, showing 50% reduction dose of the control for grafting percentage at 3.1 kR as compared with 4.6 kR for the above reduction dose in germination rates of seeds. 2. The seeds treated by 5 kR dose resulted in some albino mutants at a rate of 0.84%. There was a general tendency that the seedling height reduced significantly as the irradiation dose increased. 3. The scions treated by an acute irradiation showed their 50% reduction dose in grafting at 3.2 kR for Chinese chestnut and at 3.1 kR for chestnut, respectively, while their irradiation doses increased three times, having 10.2 kR for the 50% reduction dose in the case of semi-acute irradiation. 4. When Chinese chestnut trees were irradiated during their dormant period with a total dose of 7.5 kR to 4.9 kR at a dose rate of 150 R to 98 R per day, there were induced giant leaf bud-sports at a frequency of 16.6%. The averag leaf area of the giant leaf bud-sports were measured at 96.36 square centimeters, while the area of normal leaf was only 26.28 square centimeters.