• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.249-255
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• 2008

IOn 7th of Dec. 2007, large oil spill took place the seas off the Taean coast caused by the collision between VLCC Hebei Spirit and crane floating barge Samsung-1 and a lot of problems were revealed during response to the accident. The author, accordingly, examined to analyze the cause of this accident on the aspect of spill prevention and presented some preventive measures, such as strictness to the current standard for tug operation, expansion of VTS service area and transfer of the VTS responsibility to Korea Coast Guard, designation of appropriate anchorage per ship's type, cargo and visiting purpose, and special management for dangerous goods carriers.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.241-248
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• 2009

On 7 December 2007, the Hong Kong registered tanker Hebei Spirit, laden with 209,000 tonnes of crude oil, was struck by the crane barge Samsung No 1, whilst at anchor about five miles off Taean on the West Coast in Korea. About 10,500 tonnes of crude oil escaped into the sea from the Hebei Spirit. The recent oil leakage from a tanker in seas off Taean has turned the sea farms and fishing areas on the country's western coast into a sea of oil. Analysts say the spill is considered as one of the world's devastating sea pollution cases involving oil. In our contemporary society where people are exposed to potential dangers in every aspect, no one can be free from such dangers. With an increase in human casualties due to disaster, disaster reporting plays a vital role in preventing and minimizing damages. Despite such enormous significance, however, Korean disaster reporting has not performed effectively. In this contexts, this study analyzed the problems of disaster reporting in Korea, with the case of Hebei Spirit oil Spill in Taean-gun. And, this study suggest the establish ways and means needed to improve the disaster reporting in Korea with the case of Hebei Spirit case.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.303-313
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to suggest the analysis of disaster conflict and strategies of Conflict Management based on Case of Hebei Spirit Oil Spill Accident. For accomplishing the purpose, we analyzed process and features of conflict in area of Taean after disaster. When we overview literature study about conflict research of korea society, we know that we have no studying disaster conflict in spite of important cause of regional society conflict. Recently, we have been experienced major disaster every year. When disaster such as Case of Hebei Spirit Oil Spill Accident occurred, it is accompanied with a conflict in disaster area. So, we argue that it is important to analyzed disaster conflict and propose strategies of Conflict Management.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.13-14
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• 2009

Needs of Large Oil Recovery Vessels will be checked by Hebei Spirit Oil Spill in Korea in 2007, Nakhodka Oil Spill in Japan in 1997, Prestige Oil Spill in Spain in 2002. and offer a efficient proposals for practical use besides Catastrophic Oil Spill Response.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.455-461
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• 2017

The Hebei Spirit oil spill incident occurred in December 7, 2007 and caused approximately $12,547k{\ell}$ of crude oil spillage along 370km off the west coast of Korea. Due to the astronomical and irrecoverable damage to the marine ecosystems and the overall living standards of the residents, the oil spill incident has been notoriously named as the "worst oil spill incident" occurred in Korea. Nevertheless, though almost a decade has passed since the tragic incident in Korea, it appears that compensation and recovery efforts seem not close to satisfaction and the local residents are still struggling with various negative impacts incurred by the incident because of critical cleavage among the interests of the relevant parties to the incident. In this paper, the analysis of Hebei Spirit oil spill incident regarding two aspects was carried out; First, meticulously analyze the practical and statistical data of the incident to precisely examine the fundamental causes for its occurrence to further prevent the reoccurrence of such disastrous incident; and the second, comprehensively inspect reasons for the protracted and inefficient damage recovery and victim-oriented compensation. To be specific, this study observed the levels of compensation against damages from the incident, and the adequacy of it in terms of ultimately and inclusively addressing financial, social and ecological aspects based primarily upon the legal verdicts, and statistical and empirical surveys.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.139-146
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• 2011

In order to detect the early impacts of the Hebei Spirit oil spill on the subtidal macrozoobenthos, we conducted a benthic survey at 72 stations in the subtidal area of Tae-an, the eastern Yellow Sea from Dec. 18th 2007 to Dec. 22th after 10 days from the Hebei Spirit oil spill. A total of228 species from 72 stations was sampled with mean density of 561 ind $m^{-2}$ and mean biomass of 39.7 gww $m^{-2}$. In this study, Ampelisca occurred as a major dominant fauna in this survey, but did not appear around oil spill areas. Meanwhile some opportunistic polychaete worms like Prionospio bocki, Prionospio cirrifera appeared in the oil spill area, especially near coastal beaches. The overall abundance and biomass of macrozoobenthos decreased after oil spill. However some stations previously disturbed with sand extraction showed a similar macrozoobenthic community structure.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.121-124
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• 2008

Tarballs formed by HEBEI SPIRIT oil spill observed in the south-western sea of Korea from December 27 2007. The tarballs were removed by the response party, which Korea Coast Guard became a center of organization. The amounts of removing tarballs form the sea and the coast were 0.345 tons and 1,739 tons, respectively. The number of persons, in order to remove the tar balls from the south-western sea of Korea, counted about 97,000 persons, including 25,000 volunteers. In this paper, we introduced the response methods of tarballs entering into the south-western sea of Korea such as a landing net, meshes and so on.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.402-403
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• 2010

Hebei Spirit Oil Spill in the West Coast in 2007 happened catastrophic environment and economy damage. Refer to the limitation of current oil spill response methods. and oil spill response in the Yellow sea coast of korea, effective measures are considered.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1781-1791
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• 2016

This study aimed to analyze the economic effectiveness on environment improvement project that has been implemented in five fishing grounds of Taean-gun which had been damaged by the Hebei Spirit oil spill accident. In the analysis, first, this study performed the survey on residents perceptions about the environment improvement project. Second, the cost-benefit analysis was carried out to evaluate the economic effectiveness of the project. The survey results of residents perceptions indicated that the damage of oil spill was considerable in the target areas. It also showed that residents wanted to continue the environment improvement project and the levels of project satisfaction were quitely high. The economic results showed that 3 areas(Woong-do, Wang-san, and Dang-mi) would have positive values of NPV and B/C ratio, but the other(Nu-dong) would have negative values. The findings of this analysis could be used as the base data for increasing operational efficiency of future environment improvement projects.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.27
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• pp.8.1-8.10
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• 2012

Objectives: The goal was to model and quantify the atmospheric concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as the result of the Hebei Spirit oil spill, and to predict whether the exposure levels were abnormally high or not. Methods: We developed a model for calculating the airborne concentration of VOCs that are produced in an oil spill accident. The model was applied to a practical situation, namely the Hebei Spirit oil spill. The accuracy of the model was verified by comparing the results with previous observation data. The concentrations were compared with the currently used air quality standards. Results: Evaporation was found to be 10- to 1,000-fold higher than the emissions produced from a surrounding industrial complex. The modeled concentrations for benzene failed to meet current labor environmental standards, and the concentration of benzene, toluene, orthometa- para-xylene were higher than the values specified by air quality standards and guideline values on the ocean. The concentrations of total VOCs were much higher than indoor environmental criteria for the entire Taean area for a few days. Conclusions: The extent of airborne exposure was clearly not the same as that for normal conditions.