• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제59권5호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2017

This study was aimed to investigate the influence of cation exchange capacity (CEC) and application amounts of zeolite on the stabilization of heavy metals (As, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in upland soils. The upland soils were sampled from field near mines located in Gyeonggi Province. The CEC of zeolite was treated at three different levels, ie, low, medium, and high, while zeolite was amended with soils at the ratio of 0.1 % and 0.5 % as to soil weight. A sequential extraction was performed for the soil sampled at 1, 2 4, and 8 week after zeolite was added to the soil. The concentrations of Pb and Zn appeared to be high in the sampled soils. The mobility of heavy metals obtained from sequential experiments was as follows: Pb > Zn > Ni >As. Addition of zeolite to contaminated soils effectively reduced exchangeable and carbonate fractions but increased organic and residual fraction, indicating that zeolite is effective for immobilizing heavy metals in soils. The influence of incubation time on the metal stabilization was rather pronounced as compared to the application amount and CEC of zeolite.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2015

Anaerobic biodegradation of diesel with coexisting heavy metals (Pb) was monitored in batch mode. Two different groups of the indigenous bacteria from a site contaminated with diesel and lead were used in this research: the first group was composed of a single species and the second group was composed of several species. The effect of heavy metals on the microbial population was monitored and confirmed the biodegradation mechanism in each combined contaminant. Growth of the microorganisms in 21 days was observed Diesel > Diesel + Pb > Diesel + Cu > Diesel + Pb + Cu > Diesel + Cr > Diesel + Pb + Cr. Indigenous microorganisms showed the adaptation in the Pb contaminate. Interactive toxic effect using AMES test observed larger synergistic effect than antagonistic in Diesel + Cr and Diesel + Pb + Cr. Therefore, the main effects of diesel biodegradation in the present of heavy metals are likely to exist other factors as well as toxic of heavy metals. This is a necessary part of the future studies.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2009

We conducted human risk assessment due to inhalation exposure to heavy metals emitted from incinerator. The process of health impact assessment(HIA) on incinerator is as follows: The first step is to presume and calculate the amount of heavy metals emitted using emission factor. The second step is to conduct an exposure assessment using the K-SCREEN model which is used for predicting the concentration in a conservative method. The last step is to carry out a risk assessment on carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic substances. This study revealed that rank of carcinogenic human risk was $Cr^{+6}$ > As > Ni > Cd, and values of human risk assessment on carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic substances is lower than the US criteria for risk assessment except $Cr^{+6}$. It is expected that the technique of HIA, especially human risk assessment on heavy metals, would be applied to the incinerator construction project. In addition, more systematic studies are needed to overcome some weak points and limits found in this study.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.356-365
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• 2020

The aqueous carbonation efficiencies of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) and ladle slags at various pressures, temperatures, and liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratios were investigated to determine optimum conditions. The maximum CO₂ carbonated concentrations in slag (0.584 mmol/g for BOF slag and 1.038 mmol/g for ladle slag) was obtained at 10 bars, 40℃, and L/S = 5 mL/g-dry. The L/S ratio was the most critical parameter for carbonation. The effect of carbonated slag amendment on the immobilization of heavy metals in two field-contaminated soils was also investigated. The immobilization efficiencies evaluated by using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and the Standards, Measurements and Testing Programme (SM&T) were above 90% for both raw and carbonated slags for all soils. The TCLP-extractable heavy metals concentrations were below the criteria (5.0, 1.0 and 5.0 g/L for Pb, Cd, and Cr, respectively) after immobilizations with both slags except for Pb in soil B. The SM&T analysis showed the decrease in the exchangeable phase but the increase in residual phase after immobilization with raw and carbonated slags. The results of this study imply the promising potential of the carbonated slags on the immobilization of heavy metals in the field-contaminated soils.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.319-325
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• 2002

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of heavy metals (copper, cadmium, lead and chrome) on the growth of plant and seed germination of Arabidopsis thaliana treated with various concentrations of heavy metals. Cadmium and chrome among the 4 heavy metals had no effect on the growth of stem even in the concentration fifty times higher than the official standard concentration of pollutant exhaust notified by the Ministry of Environment. The official standard concentration of cadmium, however, stimulated the growth of stem in general, increasing leaf size and surface area, although it had no effect on the length of stem. But the growth of stem was decreased about 18% in the official standard concentration of pollutant exhaust of lead and copper. There was no growth of root in the concentration of lead and copper ten times higher than the official standard concentration. Cadmium and chrome had no effect on the seed germination, but lead and copper decreased the rate of seed germination. Seeds were not germinated in the concentration of copper ten times higher than the official standard concentration and in the concentration of lead fifty times higher than the official standard concentration. From this research three peculiar results were obtained. Chrome in the soil did not have much effect on the plant growth and seed germination of Arabidopsis thaliana. Cadmium stimulated the stem growth in an optimum concentration. But lead and copper reduced the plant growth and seed germination even in a small concentration, especially copper had the worse effect.

• 동굴
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• 제92호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2009

A number of closed metal mines act as point sources of contamination on nearby streams, soils and plants in our country. The contamination of twelve decomposed samples had earned from nine closed metal mines had been evaluated by TEA-3000. The contents of heavy metal with ion fraction exchange and carbonate fraction forms had been showed that the speciation of heavy metals represented with easy solubility, mobility and bioavailable of plants, and in case of sulfide compounds and organic residuals forms are related with the speciation of metals which may be stable forms because of strong bindable capacity. Also heavy metals elements in mosts of mines got with relative stable within crystal lattice, but results of trace element analyser showed that, in the most of tailings from mine areas, large portions of concentration of heavy metals were explained as stable from, sulfides/ organics and residual. In tailing from Imchun mines, the concentrations extracted by water were relatively high as compared with other mine areas whose total concentrations were very high because of large quantities of exchangeable ions and carbonates and low soil pH. Danger Index (D.I.) suggested in this study was based on the cumulative concentrations of step 1 and 2 from the result of trace element analyser. When the soil pH was considered, this index became better indicator to determine the priority for the remediation of mine area.

• 약학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.460-467
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• 2001

Heavy metals, such as Al, As, Cd, Cr Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Si, Sn, V and Zn, were analysed on kidney cortex and medulla of Korean obtained from 154 forensic medical autopsy cadavers. Heavy metals were analysed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry In kidney cortex, the concentrations of Al, Cd, Cu, Mn, Mo, Pb, Se, Si and Zn were significantly higher than in the kidney medulla (Cd, Cu, Mn, Mo, Zn : p<0.01, AA, Pb, Se, Si : p<0.05). No significant local differences were found between kidney cortex and kidney medulla in the concentrations of As, Cr Fe, Hg, Ni, Sn and V. In kidney cortex and kidney medulla, Cd concentrations correlated positively with age, but Mn concentrations correlated negatively with age. A significantly positive correlation between Cd and Zn, Cd and Cu, Zn and Cu, Al and Si, Se and As was found in kidney cortex and kidney medulla. A significantly positive correlation between Hg and Se was only observed in kidney cortex. These results indicate that the distribution of hazardous heavy metals is similar to that of essential elements in the tissues.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.269-277
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• 2019

In the present study, we have studied the bioremediating capability of bacterial strain against six heavy metals. The strain was isolated from river Yamuna, New Delhi which is a very rich repository of bioremediating flora and fauna. The strain was found to be Gram positive as indicated by Gram staining. The strain was characterized using 16s rRNA gene sequencing and the BlastN result showed its close resemblance with the Cellulosimicrobium sp. As each treatment has its own toxicity eliciting expression of different factors, we observed varied growth characteristics of the bacterial isolate and its protein content in response to different heavy metals. The assessment of its bioremediation capability showed that the strain Cellulosimicrobium sp. has potential to consume or sequester the six heavy metals in this study in the following order iron > lead > zinc > cooper > nickel > cadmium. Thus, the strain Cellulosimicrobium sp. isolated in the present study can be a good model system to understand the molecular mechanism behind its bioremediating capabilities under multiple stress conditions.

• 공업화학
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.97-101
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• 2021

스코리아와 활성탄의 혼합 충전탑에서 중금속과 유기물의 흡착 특성, 스코리아의 물리화학적 특성과 관능기를 조사하였다. 스코리아의 혼합비율이 증가할수록 카드뮴, 니켈, 크롬, 납 이온의 평균제거율은 증가하였으나, 벤젠과 톨루엔의 평균 제거율은 감소하였다. 스코리아와 활성탄의 혼합 충전탑은 중금속과 유기물의 동시 제거에 효과적으로 사용될 수 있었다. 스코리아는 Si-H와 Si-O 작용기를 갖고 있으며, 이중 Si-O 관능기가 중금속의 흡착에 크게 기여함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2003

Shihwa tidal freshwater marsh was constructed recently to treat pollutants entering Shihwa lake. In this study, we examined the spatial and temporal patterns of heavy metal accumulation in soils of Shihwa marsh and sought correlations between several soil variables (pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, and acid ammonium oxalate-extractable Fe and Al contents) and the heavy metal concentration of soils. Surface soil samples (0∼20 cm) were collected in June 2000, November 2000, and July 2001, and were analyzed for heavy metals (Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, As, and Hg) and soil chemical properties. The neutral pH and water-saturated conditions of Shihwa marsh appeared to favor immobilization of heavy metal through adsorption onto soils. The concentrations of heavy metal (especially Zn, Cu, and Cr) in soils of Shihwa marsh increased along the sampling occasions, suggesting that soils of Shihwa marsh serve as a sink of heavy metal. Among the sub-marshes, metal concentrations were highest in Banweol high marshes and lowest in Samhwa marshes. The temporal and spatial variations in the heavy metal concentrations of soils were correlated positively with organic matter and oxalate extractable Fe and Al contents, but negatively with electrical conductivity. These results suggest that organic matter and hydrous oxide of Fe/Al may playa key role in removing heavy metals in soils of Shihwa marsh, and that heavy metal removing capacity would increase with desalinization. However, the removal patterns of heavy metal by reeds warrant further studies to evaluate the total removal capacity of heavy metals by Shihwa marsh.