• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 초청강연 및 논문집
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• pp.926-931
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• 2008

This paper show two different standardized test methods(Japanese Geotechnical Society; JGS 2003). One test is a "Test Method for Frost Heave Prediction Test, JGS 0171-2003", and the other test is a "Test Method for Frost Susceptibility, JGS 0172-2003". The purpose of this test is to obtain the freezing rate(freezing speed), frost heave ratio(heave to sample height), frost heave rate(heaving speed), and other parameters to be used for frost heave prediction and determine the frost susceptibility by freezing test with water intake. This method shall be used to predict the frost heave in frozen ground and evaluate the frost susceptibility of natural and replacement materials.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.193-199
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• 2019

A frozen fringe plays a key role in frost heave development in soils. Previous studies have focused on the physical and mechanical properties of the frozen fringe, such as overall hydraulic conductivity, water content and pore pressure. It has been proposed that the thickness of the frozen fringe controls frost heave behavior, but this effect has not been thoroughly evaluated. This study used a temperature-controllable cell to investigate the impact of frozen fringe thickness on the characteristics of frost heave. A series of laboratory tests was performed with various temperature boundary conditions and specimen heights, revealing that: (1) the amount and rate of development of frost heave are dependent on the frozen fringe thickness; (2) the thicker the frozen fringe, the thinner the resulting ice lens; and (3) care must be taken when using the frost heave ratio to characterize frost heave and evaluate frost susceptibility because the frost heave ratio is not a normalized factor but a specimen height-dependent factor.

• International Journal of Ocean System Engineering
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.188-208
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• 2013

The motion response of floating structures should be adequately low to permit the operation of rigid risers along with dry well heads. Though Spar platforms have low heave responses under lower sea state, could become unacceptable in near resonance region of wave periods. Hence the hydrodynamic response, heave in particular, must be examined to ensure that it is minimized. To reduce heave motions, external damping devices are introduced and one such effective damping device is heave plate. Addition of heave plate can provide additional viscous damping and additional added mass in the heave direction which influence the heave motion. The present study focuses on the influence of heave plate on the hydrodynamic responses of Classic Spar in regular waves. The experimental investigation has been carried out on a 1:100 scale model of Spar with single and double heave plates in regular waves. Numerical investigation has been carried out to derive the hydrodynamic responses using ANSYS AQWA. The experimental results were compared with those obtained from numerical simulation and found to be in good agreement. The influence of disk diameter ratio, wave steepness, pretension in the mooring line and relative spacing between the plates on the hydrodynamic responses of Spar are evaluated and presented.

• International Journal of Ocean System Engineering
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2014

Heave plates have been widely used to enhance viscous damping and thus reduces the heave response of Spar platforms. Single heave plate attached to the keel of the Spar has been reported in literature (Tao and Cai 2004). The effect of double heave plates on hydrodynamic response in random waves has been investigated in this study. The influence of relative spacing $L_d/D_d$ ($D_d$-the diameter of the heave plate) on the hydrodynamic response in random waves has been simulated in wave basin experiments and numerical model. The experimental investigation has been carried out using 1:100 scale model of Spar with double heave plates in random waves for different relative spacing and varying wave period. The influence of relative spacing between the heave plates on the motion responses of Spar are evaluated and presented. Numerical investigation has been carried out to investigate effect of relative spacing on hydrodynamic characteristics such as heave added mass and hydrodynamic responses. The measured results were compared with those obtained from numerical simulation and found to be in good agreement. Experimental and numerical simulation shows that the damping coefficient and added mass does not increase for relative spacing of 0.4 and the effect greater than relative spacing on significant heave response is insignificant.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.449-456
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 다양한 감쇠판을 원통형 부유체에 부착하고 수치 시뮬레이션을 통해 원통형 부유체의 heave RAO 및 고유주기의 변화를 고찰하였다. 먼저 감쇠판을 부착하지 않은 원통형 부유체의 heave RAO 및 고유주기를 파악하였고, 원통형 부유체에 부착한 감쇠판의 크기와 형상을 바꿔가며 각 경우에 대한 heave RAO 및 고유주기를 평가하였다. 수치 시뮬레이션 결과, 감쇠판의 모든 면적에 대해서 감쇠판을 부착한 원통형 부유체의 고유주기는 증가하였고, 감쇠판의 크기가 1.30D부터 입사파의 피크주기에서 heave RAO는 감소하였다. 감쇠판의 모든 면적에 대해서 원형 감쇠판이 Y자형 감쇠판보다 고유주기가 길게 나타나며, 고유주기의 차이는 감쇠판의 면적이 커질수록 그 차이가 커졌다. 운동응답 스펙트럼 계산 결과, 원형 감쇠판과 Y자형 감쇠판을 부착한 원통형 부유체의 heave 운동이 입사파의 피크주기에서 현저하게 감소하였다. 또한 원형 감쇠판을 부착한 원통형 부유체의 고유주기가 Y형 감쇠판을 부착한 경우보다 입사파의 피크 주기에서 더 멀리 이동하였다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2019

동상은 동토지역에서 발생하는 대표적인 공학적 특성이다. 계절동토(seasonal frost area)에 해당하는 우리나라는 동결융해에 의한 구조적 피해가 발생하고 동상에 관한 연구의 필요성이 증대되고 있는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 새롭게 개발한 투명 온도제어형 셀을 활용하여 동상에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 동상에 민감한 흙을 인공적으로 조성하여 동상민감성 판정에 있어 중요한 인자 중 하나인 물 주입속도(water intake rate)에 관한 분석을 실시하였다. 간극수 동결에 의한 부피팽창(heave by pore water)이 수렴하는 시점 이후에 동상속도(frost heave rate)와 물 주입속도는 거의 유사하게 나타났다. 그러나 물 주입속도를 측정하기 위해 상부 페더스탈에 설치한 O-ring은 몰드 내벽과의 마찰을 발생시켜 동상발생을 저하시켰다. 따라서 물 주입속도를 활용한 동상민감성 판정 기준은 신뢰하기 힘들다고 판단되었으며, 유사한 거동을 보이는 동상속도를 활용하는 것이 적절하다는 결론을 내렸다. 또한, 동상민감성 흙을 활용해 시료크기가 동상에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 시료크기가 다른 2가지 경우에 대해 동상시험을 수행하였으며 상재하중, 온도구배, 그리고 건조단위중량을 동일하게 설정하였다. 실험결과를 토대로 시료크기는 동상에 영향을 미치지 않는다는 것을 발견하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회 2차
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• pp.131-137
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• 2010

`Frost heave' is volumetric extension behavior of soil due to freezing. It could have a bad effect to foundations of infrastructures like building, road, railroad and bridge. Therefore, it is considered as a primary design parameter with 'adfreeze bond' and 'creep deformation' for foundation design in cold region. In some countries, studies for analyzing frost heave in many ways have being performed, however, only a few studies for evaluating frost susceptibility of soils by measuring frost heave rate of frozen soils in Korea. For analyzing frost heave as a foundation design parameter, both frost heaving rate and heaving pressure are should be addressed in study. Hence, in this study, development of experimental apparatus to evaluate frost heave and pressure is suggested.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2017년도 공동학술발표회
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• pp.250-250
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• 2017

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.70-77
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• 2012

In this study, a numerical analysis of offshore installation using a floating crane with heave compensator is carried out in time domain. The motion analysis of crane vessels is based on floating body dynamics using convolution integral and the crane wire is treated as simple spring. The lifted structure is assumed as a rigid body with 3 degree-of-freedom translational motion. The heave compensator is numerically modelled by the generalized spring-damper system. Firstly, forced motion simulations of crane wire system are carried out to figure out the basic principle of heave compensator. The transfer function of crane wire system is obtained and effective wave period of heave compensator are found. Then, coupled analysis of crane vessel, crane wire, and lifted structure are performed in regular and irregular sea conditions. Two different crane vessels and two lifted structures (suction pile and manifold) are considered in this study. Through a series of numerical calculations, the effective zone of heave compensator is investigated with respect to wave period and crane wire length.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2024

동상은 동토지반의 중요한 공학적 특성 중 하나로, 겨울철에 국내에서는 동상으로 인한 다양한 피해가 발생한다. 미국과 일본은 동토지역을 포함하고 있어 동상에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어졌으며, 표준화된 실험법을 보유하고 있다. 특히, 일본 동상 실험법은 시료 준비와 실험 과정이 비교적 간단하다는 장점이 있다. 그러나 동상 실험 결과의 공학적 해석이 모호하며, 동상 민감성 판정 기준이 제시되지 않아 실제 활용에 문제가 있다. 본 논문에서는 모래-실트 혼합토를 대상으로 일본 동상 실험법에 따라 온도제어형 셀을 활용한 실내실험을 수행하고, 동상속도 산정 과정을 면밀히 분석하였다. 더불어, 일본 동상 실험법으로 산정된 동상속도가 미국에서 제시한 동상 민감성 판정 기준에 적용 가능한지 검토하였다.