• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.286-291
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• 2023

Perovskite materials are promising candidates for next-generation optoelectronic devices owing to their outstanding external quantum efficiency, high color purity, and ability to tune the light emission wavelength. However, conventional thermal annealing processes caused the degradation of perovskite, resulting in poor optoelectronic properties and a short lifetime. Herein, we propose a laser-induced recrystallization of perovskite thin film to enhance its light-emitting properties. Laser-induced recrystallization process was performed using rapid and instantaneous laser heating, which successfully induced grain growth of the perovskite material. The laser processing conditions were thoroughly optimized based on theoretical calculations and various material analyses such as x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and photoluminescence spectroscopy.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.138-150
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• 2024

This study is essential for advancing our knowledge about the interaction between long-range high-power lasers and energetic materials, with a particular emphasis on understanding the response of a 155-mm shell under various surface irradiations, taking into account external factors such as atmospheric disturbances. The analysis addresses known limitations in understanding the use of non-realistic targets and the negligence of ambient conditions. The model employs the three-dimensional level-set method, computer-aided design (CAD)-based target design, and a message-passing interface (MPI) parallelization scheme that enables rapid calculations of the complex chemical reactions of the irradiated high explosives. Important outcomes from interaction modeling include the accurate prediction of the initiation time of ignition, transient pressure, and temperature responses with the location of the initial hot spot within the shell, and the relative magnitude of noise with and without the presence of physical ambient disturbances. The initiation time of combustion was increased by approximately a factor of two with atmospheric disturbance considered, while slower heating of the target resulted in an average temperature rise of approximately 650 K and average pressure increase of approximately 1 GPa compared to the no ambient disturbance condition. The results provide an understanding of the interaction between the high-power laser and energetic target at a long distance in an atmospheric condition.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2001

유리 기판상에 증착된 패드(pad)의 접합부 가열에 의한 면배열(area array) 형태 선자 패키지의 chip-on-glass(COG) 마운팅 공정이 시도되었다. 패드는 접합층(즉, Cr 또는 Ti)과 상부 코팅층(즉, Ni 또는 Cu)으로 구성되었으며, 이 중 접합층이 유리 기판을 투과하는 UV레이저에 의해 가열되었다. 접합층에 흡수된 레이저 에너지는 열전노 과정을 통하여 패드와 물리적으로 접촉되어 있는 솔더볼의 온도를 상승시켰으며, 리플로우 과정을 통하여 솔더 범프를 형성하였다. 레이저 가열 동안 솔더볼의 온도 이력(profile)을 측정함으로써 레이저 리플로우 솔더링시 접합층 및 상부 코팅층의 영향이 조사되었다. 그 결과들은 접합층의 반사율 측정 견과에 기초하여 논의되었다. 아울러 솔더 범프의 미세구조와 기계적 특성이 조사되었다.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.521-549
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• 2022

Fiber lasers have made remarkable progress over the past three decades, and they now serve far-reaching applications and have even become indispensable in many technology sectors. As there is an insatiable appetite for improved performance, whether relating to enhanced spatio-temporal stability, spectral and noise characteristics, or ever-higher power and brightness, thermal management in these systems becomes increasingly critical. Active convective cooling, such as through flowing water, while highly effective, has its own set of drawbacks and limitations. To overcome them, other synergistic approaches are being adopted that mitigate the sources of heating at their roots, including the quantum defect, concentration quenching, and impurity absorption. Here, these optical methods for thermal management are briefly reviewed and discussed. Their main philosophy is to carefully select both the lasing and pumping wavelengths to moderate, and sometimes reverse, the amount of heat that is generated inside the laser gain medium. First, the sources of heating in fiber lasers are discussed and placed in the context of modern fiber fabrication methods. Next, common methods to measure the temperature of active fibers during laser operation are outlined. Approaches to reduce the quantum defect, including tandem-pumped and short-wavelength lasers, are then reviewed. Finally, newer approaches that annihilate phonons and actually cool the fiber laser below ambient, including radiation-balanced and excitation-balanced fiber lasers, are examined. These solutions, and others yet undetermined, especially the latter, may prove to be a driving force behind a next generation of ultra-high-power and/or ultra-stable laser systems.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2004

반도체 레이저를 광원으로 사용하는 원자흡수분광 방법으로 금속증기의 증착 공정을 감시하는 연구를 수행하였다. 전자빔 가열 방식을 이용하여 gadolinium (Gd) 금속을 대량으로 증발시켰다. 파장 영역이 770-794 nm (중심파장 780 nm)인 반도체 레이저빔과 388-396 nm 영역의 제 2 고조파 빔을 진공용기에 입사시켜 증발되는 금속증기의 원자흡수 스펙트럼을 실시간으로 기록하였다. 흡수 스펙트럼을 분석하여 증기의 원자밀도를 구했다. 전자빔 출력을 변화시키면서 측정한 원자밀도를 수정 결정 모니터 장치를 사용하여 측정한 증착률과 비교하였다. 산업적으로 많이 사용되는 Ti 등의 증착 공정 감시에 이 실험에서 구현한 레이저 분광장치를 적용할 수 있다는 것을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.40-44
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• 2010

Laser assisted machining (LAM) has been researched in order to machine the silicon nitride ceramics economically and effectively. LAM is an effective machining method by local heating of the cutting part to the softening temperature of the silicon nitride using laser beam. When silicon nitride ceramics is heated using a laser beam, the surface of silicon nitride ceramic is softened, oxidized and decomposed. And then surface hardness is decreased. Through machining in low viscosity and hardness conditions, silicon nitride was machined effectively and the life span of tool was increased. The plastic deformation was occurred due to softening of amorphous YSiAlON above $ 1,000^{\circ}C$. Transgranular fracture of ${\beta}-Si_3N_4$ was occurred when YSiAlON was not softened, but mostly intergranular fracture was occurred by the plastic deformation of softened YSiAlON.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.239-240
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• 2006

For longer than picosecond pulses, bulk damage inside defect-free dielectrics involves the heating and multiplication of spurious electrons by the incident laser beam and transfer of this energy to the lattice. The situation is quite different for femtosecond pulses which are shorter than the time scale for electron energy transfer to the lattice. Damage caused by these pulses is produced with smaller statistical uncertainty and is controllable on a microscopic scale. These properties can be exploited to produce laser devices such as arrays of damage dots for all optical memories with high data storage density or arrays of parallel grooves to form transmission gratings. In this work, we observed characteristic of the femtosecond laser machining in BK7 and fused silica.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.135-141
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• 1990

레이저로 가열된 두께 160$\mu\textrm{m}$의 얇은 Si의 비선형 광학적 성질을 들띄움-탐사방법(pump-probe method)으로 조사하였다. 펄스폭은 180$\mu$sec이고 $TEM_{00}$-mode의 맥동형 Nd-YAG 레이저로 Si을 가열하였고, 발생하는 온도증가는 Si의 band gap 근처의 파장을 갖는 탐사광의 투과도변화를 관찰하여 측정하였다. Si의 온도상승은 입사된 레이저 광도에 비례함을 알 수 있었고, 실험상 최대 광대 25KW/$\textrm{cm}^2$의 레이저 빛살입사에 의해 $16^{\circ}C$의 온도상승을 관찰하였다. 이 결과로부터 Nd:YAG 레이저 파장에서의 온도변화에 따른 Sㅑ의 3차 비선형 광학계수 $\chi{(3)}$은 $6.6\times10^{-5}$로 산출되었다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2021

A computer simulation was performed to study the effectiveness of temperature on the type of laser heat source in the context of the heterogeneous welding of aluminum and copper materials. Three different types of heat sources were used in the computer simulation: 1) Single Beam Straight Scan, 2) Single Beam Wobble Scan, and 3) Dual Beam Straight Scan. Among these sources, dual beam straight scan was found to be the most effective from the viewpoint of heat source control. Because the difference between the melting temperatures of copper and aluminum is approximately 400℃, a clear separation of heating temperature was required, and the dual beam straight scan provided superior controllability in this regard. When using the dual beam, the temperature of the 90:10 split was considerably easier to control than that of the 50:50 split. The optimal offset was calculated to be 4 mm off to the copper side, where the melting temperature and thermal conductivity were higher. In this manner, computer simulation was effectively used for determining the optimal laser beam hear source control without performing an actual laser welding experiment.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제73권6호
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• pp.621-629
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• 2020

The present paper aims to study the influence of the magnetic field and initial stress on the 2-D problem of generalized thermo-viscoelastic material with voids subject to thermal loading by a laser pulse in the context of the Lord-Shulman and the classical dynamical coupled theories. The analytical expressions for the physical quantities are obtained in the physical domain by using the normal mode analysis. These expressions are calculated numerically for a specific material and explained graphically. Comparisons are made with the results predicted by the Lord-Shulman and the coupled theories in the presence and absence of the initial stress and the magnetic field.