• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.109-117
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical effects of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on lumbago induced by iliolumbar ligament sprain. Methods : From September 25 to December 30, 2009, the 8 outpatients who had admitted to department of oriental rehabilitation medicine, Dae-Jeon oriental medical hospital, Dae-Jeon university, with acute lumbago were performed heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on iliolumbar ligament sprain. To evaluate the efficiency of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy, visual analogue scale(VAS) and short-form McGill pain questionnaire(SF-MPQ) were applied before treatment and after 1st, 2nd treatment. Results : 1.The VAS and SF-MPQ scores showed statistically significant improvement after 1st treatment. 2. The VAS and SF-MPQ scores after 2nd treatment showed better improvement than those of before and 1st treatment, but had no statistical significance compared with those of before and 1st treatment. Conclusions : Heating-conduction acupuncture therapy has clinical effects of pain reduction on patient with acute lumbago induced by iliolumbar ligament sprain.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.181-190
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical effects of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on anterior talofibular ligament injury induced by acute and chronic ankle sprain. Methods: From April 19, 2010 to May 30, 2011 the 79 outpatients who had admitted to department of oriental rehabilitation medicine, Dae-Jeon oriental medical hospital, Dae-Jeon university with ankle sprain were performed heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on anterior taIofibular ligament injury. To evaluate the efficiency of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy, pain threshold with pressure algometer and visual analogue scale(VAS) were applied before treatment and after 1st, 2nd treatment. Results: 1. The pain threshold and VAS score showed significant improvement on acute subacute, chronic anterior talofibular ligament injury group. 2. The difference in pain threshold and VAS score between acute, subacute, chronic phase group was not significant. Conclusions: Heating-conduction acupuncture therapy has clinical effects of pan reduction on patient with anterior talofibular ligament injury.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.127-134
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical effects of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on anterior talofibular ligament injury induced by acute ankle sprain. Methods : From October 31, 2008 to July 21, 2009, the 11 outpatients who had admitted to department of oriental rehabilitation medicine, Dae-Jeon oriental medicine hospital, Dae-Jeon university with acute ankle sprain were performed heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on anterior talofibular ligament injury. To evaluate the efficiency of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy, pain threshold with Pressure algometer and visual analogue scale(VAS) were applied before treatment and after 1st, 2nd treatment. Results : 1. The pain threshold score and the VAS score showed statistical significant improvement after 1st treatment. 2. The pain threshold score and the VAS score showed improvement but had no statistical significance after 2nd treatment. 3. The difference between left and right were not statistical significant in pain threshold score and VAS score. Conclusions : Heating-conduction acupuncture therapy has clinical effects of pain reduction on patient with anterior talofibular ligament injury induced by acute ankle sprain.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.191-203
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical effects of heating-conduction therapy on lateral ligament injury induced by ankle sprain grade II. Methods: The 67 outpatients who were diagnosed as ankle sprain grade II were performed heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on lateral ligament injury. To evaluate the efficiency of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy, pain threshold with pressure algometer and visual analogue scale(VAS) were applied pretreatment and after 1st, 2nd treatment. Results: 1. The pain threshold and VAS score after 1st and 2nd treatment with an isolated injury of the anterior talofibular ligament showed statistically significant improvement compared with pretreatment. 2. The VAS score after 1st and 2nd treatment with an combined injury to the anterior talofibular and the calcaneofibular ligament showed statistically significant improvement compared with pretreatment. 3. The VAS score after 1st and 2nd treatment with an combined injury to the anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular and posterior talofibular ligament showed statistically significant improvement compared with pretreatment. 4. After 1st and 2nd treatment on the posterior talofibular ligament and after 2nd treatment on the anterior taofibular and calcaneofibular ligament with an combined injury to the anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular and posterior talofibular ligament the pain threshold showed statistically significant improvement compared with pretreatment. 5. Between isolated injury and combined injury of lateral ligament, the difference in pain threshold and VAS score was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Heating-conduction acupuncture therapy has clinical effects of pain reduction on patient with an isolated injury and combined injury of lateral ligament induced by ankle sprain grade II.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.119-129
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical effects of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on ligament injury induced by acute ankle sprain. Methods : From september 16, 2008 to April 17, 2010, the 28 outpatients who had admitted to department of oriental rehabilitation medicine, Dae-Jeon oriental Medical hospital, Dae-Jeon university with acute ankle sprain were performed heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligament injury. To evaluate the efficiency of heating-conduction acupuncture therapy, pain threshold with pressure algometer and visual analogue scale(VAS) were applied before treatment and after 1st, 2nd treatment. Results : 1. The pain threshold and the VAS score showed statistical significant improvement after 1st treatment on calcaneofibular and anterior talofibular ligament injury. 2. The VAS score after 2nd treatment on calcaneofibular and anterior talofibular ligament injury showed statistical significant improvement compared with that after 1st treatment. 3. The pain threshold after 2nd treatment on calcaneofibular and anterior talofibular ligament injury did not show statistical significant improvement compared with that after 1st treatment. 4. The difference between anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligament injury was not statistical significant in pain threshold and VAS score. Conclusions : Heating-conduction acupuncture therapy has clinical effects of pain reduction on patient with calcaneofibular ligament injury as well as anterior talofibular ligament induced by acute ankle sprain.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2012

Objectives : According to previous reports, heating-conduction acupuncture treatment is very effective for sprain and strain of ligament. But there was no report about pain aggravation by heating-conduction acupuncture and relief from bee venom injection. In this article, we report two cases of pain aggravation by heating-conduction acupuncture treatment and relief from bee venom injection. Methods : We used heating-conduction acupuncture treatment on possible sprain of sacroiliac ligament diagnosed by physical examination. Outcomes were measured by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS), Range of Motion(ROM) and Belt test, Goldthwait test. Results : The patient has shown an aggravation on pain and ROM. And after we use subcutaneous bee venom injection, pain has relieved and ROM improved. Belt test, Goldthwait test also changed from positive to negative. Conclusions : In this report, we assured the effect of Bee venom injection. Further well-designed, controlled studies and more cases are needed to differentiate the indication of heating-conduction acupuncture and bee venom injection.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the heating-conduction acupuncture therapy on the postpartum low back pain patients. Methods : Heating-conduction acupuncture therapy was administered three and four times on three postpartum low back pain patients. The improvement of clinical symptoms was evaluated by SF-MPQ(short form-McGill pain questionnarie), VAS(visual analogue scale) and ODI(oswestry disability index). Results : After treatment, each three patients' SF-MPQ, VAS and ODI score reduced respectively. Conclusions : Heating-conduction acupuncture therapy for postpartum low back pain patients was effective. Although this cases presented valuable result, further research is encouraged to confirm the effectiveness of this treatment.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.125-138
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• 2013

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate temperature characteristics by heat transfer type of therapeutic modalities. Methods : We selected heating and cooling modalities that are frequently used in clinical by heat transfer type: conduction, convection, radiation, and conversion. We used ham as tissue model, and applied the modalities for 30 minutes. We measured real-time changed temperature($^{\circ}C$) of the surface, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 mm depth. Results : 1. In conduction-using hot pack, ice pack, and CryoStamp heating-cooling combination therapy unit($40^{\circ}C/{\sim}15^{\circ}C$), the surface temperature sharply rose close to equilibrium in first 5 minutes. 2. In convection-using smokeless moxa, temperature slowly rose to the maximum at 25-minute elapsed time. But in another convection-using CRAiS cryotherapy device, result was similar to that of conduction. 3. In radiation-using infrared lamp, result was similar to that of conduction, but not reached equilibrium during applying time. 4. In conversion-using ultrasound device, temperature was the highest at 6 mm depth, and not reached equilibrium during applying time. Conclusions : We could comprehend temperature characteristics and proper use of modalities by heat transfer type. It would be necessary to consider in vivo physical conditions in further studies.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.67-76
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• 2011

Objectives: The aim of this review was to investigate studies on fire needle and to propose for the better method of studies in the future. Methods: Studies related to fire needle were searched with electric database for this study, and 10 domestic and overseas databases were included. Results: 19 clinical studies were analyzed in terms of condition, time of heating, number and frequency of treatment, number of heating, safety procedure or device aid reports of adverse events. Also 3 review studies were summarized. The number of studies was increasing and the kind of diseases to treat with fire noodle were various. Especially musculoskeletal diseases like ligament lesion and lumbago were noticeable. Heating-after-insertion method was recently proposed but the use of term was confusing. The report of adverse events or safety procedure was rare. Also there was an effort to develop more convenient and safer device. Conclusions: High quality clinical trial en fire needle is needed especially to compare 2 methods, heating-after-insertion and heating-before-insertion. And studies need to report safety procedures and adverse events to evaluate the safety of fire needle therapy.