• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.69-73
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• 1983

It was reported from our laboratory that the rate of deterioration of the force of contraction was slower in heart from Panax ginseng extract treated rats. Present investigation was designed to elucidate the mechanism of the slow deterioration of contractility of ginseng treated hearts. Therefore, $^{45}Ca^{2+}$ Uptake by sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) isolated from ginseng treated rate and control rats was studied. Rate weighing 150-250g were administered orally with ginseng ethanol extract (100mg/kg) for 10 days. Cardiac SR was isolated by differential centrifugation and $^{45}Ca^{2+}$ uptake was assessed by the Millipore method. Freshly isolated SR from treated as well as control animals did not show any differences, but after incubation for 30 and 60 min at 37.deg.C, $^{45}Ca^{2+}$ uptake of control animal SR was found to be greatly depressed. The SR of treated animal possessed a greater degree of resistance to incubation. Thus it can be concluded that ginseng may have an ability to sustain the normal function of the heart by sustaining Ca accumulation by SR involved with the excitationcontraction coupling processes.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.37
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• pp.185-209
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• 2014

This paper is a study on The Korea Magzine. The magazine has a series. One of them is KOREA'S NOTED WOMEN. This is the women who are all Chinese women. They are Yo-WHA-SI(여와씨), A-WHANG, YU-YUNG(아황과 여영), T'AI-IM AND T'AI-SA(태임과 태사), WANG SO-KOON(왕소군), Su Wang Mo(서왕모), Yang Kwi-pi(양귀비), SU-SI(서시), TAK MOON-KOON(탁문군). The story of the women in the magazine were studied in a series of articles of reasons. First, it is because the Chinese women living in the hearts of Koreans. Second, the Koreans because these women want to love passionately, and be like. Third, because the Chinese women was also well-known in Korea as well known in East Asia. Was This series is used in any way. Features shown in the description was investigated. It explains how to understand what they Korea. Deliberately omitted, and were also added. I also used the analogy and comparison. This does not make sense but were accepted. Finally, we fully understand and take advantage of the literature.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.189-193
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• 2002

We have identified and analyzed the 5'-coding region of SCN5A gene in Korean genome. Although its sequence has already been reported in western countries it is still important to confirm our own sequence for the establishment of Korean-suitable diagnosis on genetic basis. Total RNAs were obtained from three healthy Korean adult hearts and reversely transcribed. RT products were then subjected to PCR reaction followed by DNA sequencing. Three different sets of SCN5A primers were designed and used for the amplification of 5'-coding region of SCN5A from Korean genome. Amplified sequence was roughly one-10th of the entire SCN5A mRNA in size and its detailed sequence was completely matched up to the previously reported sequence. There was no difference between three heart samples, either. So, SCN5A was concluded as the relatively stable gene comparing to other genes that are involved in long QT syndrome.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2009

Because it is known that bivalve hearts contain various modulatory systems activated by neuroendocrine substances, it was examined whether different classes of endogenous and synthetic drugs of neuroendocrinological importance can influence cardiac functions of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Cholinergically active agents acetylcholine and carbachol increased heart rates while diminishing cardiac contractility. Adrenergically active substances norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (Epi) also induced heart rate increase and contractility decrease. An $\alpha_1$-adrenergic receptor-selective agonist phenyephrine (PE) failed to modulate either parameter. The Epi-induced heart rate increase and contractile depression were both blocked significantly by non-selective $\beta_1/\beta_2$-adrenergic antagonist propranolol. A $\beta_1$-selective antagonist atenolol prevented Epi-induced heart rate decrease but not the contractile depression, suggesting possible $\beta_2$ receptors for Epi-induced contractile depression. The three autacoids examined exerted discrete responses: histamine increased heart rate and depressed contraction; $\gamma$-amino-butyric acid increased both parameters; serotonin failed to change either parameter. The 5 piscine anesthetic agents examined, MS-222, benzocaine, quinaldine, urethane, pantocaine and pentobarbital, all failed to influence the cardiac function of oysters. Collectively, activities of neuroendocrinologically acting agents in mammals showed unexpected and distinct activities from those in mammalian cardiovascular systems. These results obtained from substances of different physiological functions can serve as a basis for understanding neuroendocrine control of the heart function in Pacific oyster.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.301-308
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• 1993

Three or 7day old piglets were infected experimentally with different encephalomyocarditis virus isolates to detect the viral antigen by the immunoperoxidase technique and to observe strain difference in their pathogenecity in newborn pigs by comparing clinical signs and pathologic lesions. Clinical signs of the infected pigs were different depending on the virus strain, pig age and infection route. Encephalomyocarditis virus(EMCV) NVSL-PR isolate was more pathogenic than MN-25 and MN-30 isolate. Three day old piglets showed more severe illness than 7 day old piglets. Predominant clinical signs were sudden death without noticeable clinical signs and dyspnea manifested as heavy abdominal breathing. Contact-infection from infected piglets to controls was observed in the oro-nasally infected group but not the intramuscular group. Common necropsy findings of dead piglets in both age groups infected with MN-25 and NVSL-PR were accumulation of excessive fluid in the body cavities and mild to diffuse necrotic areas observed in the hearts and occasionally in the livers. Microscopically, myocarditis with inflammatory cell infiltration, necrosis of the myocardial muscle fibers and occasional mineralization were observed along with interstitial pneumonia and centrolobular necrosis in the liver. Using an immunoperoxidase technique, viral antigen was detected in myocardial muscle fibers of piglets infected with EMCV.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 1994

Neutralized antibody titer of Akabane disease virus were performed from 810 dairy cows in 45 farming households from May 1992 to December 1993 in Incheon area. The 503 dairy cows at the 21 farming household were conducted from May to December 1992, 307 cows were from January to December 1993 The results obtained are summarized as follows 1. Evaluation of neutralized antibody titer of 810 dairy cows tested during two yews revealed that 68.1% (552 hearts) , during the four year revealed that 69.6% (350 heads), the later year was 65.8%(202 heads ) was more than antibody titer 16. 2. Antibody investigation according to area and years, showed no significant difference in the whole area and both years as 65-73% from 1992, and as 65-70% from 1993 had an antibody titer of above 16 or more. 3. Antibody investigation according to age, showed that 34.4% of cows aged below 2 had a titer of above 16, compared with 80.8% for cows aged above 5. It demonstrated that the younger cows had the lower titer level, and the older the higher. 4. Monthly variation of antibody titer showed that the highest level of antibody titer was observed in September, the lowest was in June. It meant that the best periods of vaccination were April, May, June. 5. The result of epidemidogical study to 40 farming households showed that 35 farms (87.5%) had abortions of which were 14 stillbirths, 5 abnormal births, and 13 farms (32.5%) had vaccination.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.38-42
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• 2019

This study investigated and classified the various types of moderator band (MB) in relation to the anterior papillary muscle, with the aim of providing anatomical reference information and fundamental knowledge for use when repairing the congenital defects and understanding the conduction system. The study investigated 38 formalin-fixed human hearts of both sexes obtained from donors aged 38-90 years. The MB was evident in 36 of the 38 specimens (94.7%). The morphology of the MB and its connection with the APM took various forms. The MBs that had a distinct shape were classified into three types according to their shape: cylindrical column, long and thin column, and wide and flat column. Types 2 and 3 were the most common, appearing in 15 (41.7%) and 14 (38.9%) of the 36 specimens, respectively, while type 1 was observed in seven specimens (19.4%). Type 3 was divided into subtypes based on their length. The MB usually originated from a single root (91.7%), with the remainder exhibiting double roots. The pairs of roots in the latter cases had different shapes. The originating point of the MB ranged from the supraventricular crest to the apex of the ventricle. The most-common originating point was in the middle (25 of 36 specimens, 69.4%), followed by the upper third (13.9%), the lower third (11.1%), and the top fifth (5.6%) of the interventricular septum. This study has produced fundamental anatomical and clinical information that will be useful when designing cardiac surgical procedures.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.113-123
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• 2021

Purpose: BTS Meal at McDonald's was launched in May 2021 in selected countries all over the world. BTS fans in Indonesia bought the BTS Meal and collectively donated to the online delivery drivers as a form of empathy. As a quantitative study, this paper aims to identify the influencing factors in sociopsychology for fans to buy products (BTS Meal) available online using celebrity endorsement strategy, as well as demonstrating social empathy as an extended effect. Research design, data and methodology: empirical research was conducted through an online survey sent to 150 participants using the purposive sampling method. Participants were BTS fans, or ARMYs, who bought BTS Meal and conducted donations. Data were then sorted and processed with path regression. Results: preference and role model influenced the buying behavior; however, these factors influenced social empathy only when mediated by consumption. Preference and role model alone did not have a direct influence on social empathy. Conclusions: Consumer behavior insight is relevant in distribution science. A meal distribution involving brand ambassadors is considerable, particularly with celebrities demonstrating quality in capturing fans' hearts through role modeling. When a distribution is conducted online using a brand ambassador, buying behavior could lead to a social impact.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.615-630
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• 2019

Purpose: Based on the theory of "Stimulus-Organism-Response" (S-O-R), this thesis takes customer forgiveness as a medium variable to explore the impact of merchant service remedy on customer behavior intention in the context of online shopping service failure. This thesis divides the merchant service remedy into two dimensions: spiritual recovery and material recovery, and reveals the influence difference of different merchant service remedy methods on customer behavior intention and the mediating role of customer forgiveness. Methods : 325 questionnaires were distributed and 307 valid questionnaires were collected for data analysis. The relationship between potential variables is proposed by using Structural Equations Modeling. Results : The two dimensions of service recovery have significant positive impact on customer forgiveness, and physical recovery has greater impact on customer forgiveness. In the influence of physical recovery on customer behavior intention, customer forgiveness is a partial mediating effect. However, in the influence of spiritual recovery on customer behavior intention, customer forgiveness is a complete mediating effect. Conclusion : In case of service faults, merchants should take the initiative to provide appropriate physical recovery and provide spiritual recovery sincerely and patiently. Only in this way can they regain good impression in the hearts of consumers and promote them to improve the quality of service recovery, so as to increase their willingness to repurchase Intention and positive word of mouth.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.117-123
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• 2008

When it comes to clothing design, after the mid 20th century some internationally renowned designers began to recognize the pivotal role clothing materials play in attracting the hearts of customers. Accordingly, they started to take advantage of new clothing materials in the sector of clothing design. While the theme of fashionable clothing products shifts from style and color to clothing materials, fashion designers place the quality of materials at the center of clothing designs. Fashion designers also realize that good quality of materials should be used to boost the value of products as well as to satisfy the conditions of creativity, practicality and aesthetics. In particular, as the non-apparel industry in which clothing materials are the most important aspect between fashionable color, silhouette and details is enhancing their attention to develop various materials in order to meet the needs of customers, the fashion industry places a high premium on textile design which is the pinnacle of expressing emotion on clothing materials. In addition, the industry raises awareness of developing more sophisticated and differentiated materials. Our thesis covers the way how to apply $moir{\acute{e}}$ pattern to clothing design on the basis of research. In order to put that research into practical use, we produced textiles which effectively display $moir{\acute{e}}$ pattern. Before this process, we tried to ensure that radial grating created $moir{\acute{e}}$ pattern effects. To this end, the weaving process was applied, depending on whether light can penetrate textiles or not. Then, we manufactured test-products using $moir{\acute{e}}$ pattern.