• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2018

Purpose: When hemodynamically unstable patients with blunt major trauma arrive at the emergency department (ED), the safety of performing early whole-body computed tomography (WBCT) is concerning. Some clinicians perform central venous catheterization (CVC) before WBCT (pre-computed tomography [CT] group) for hemodynamic stabilization. However, as no study has reported the factors affecting this decision, we compared clinical characteristics and outcomes of the pre- and post-CT groups and determined factors affecting this decision. Methods: This retrospective study included 70 hemodynamically unstable patients with chest or/and abdominal blunt injury who underwent WBCT and CVC between March 2013 and November 2017. Results: Univariate analysis revealed that the injury severity score, intubation, pulse pressure, focused assessment with sonography in trauma positivity score, and pH were different between the pre-CT (34 patients, 48.6%) and post-CT (all, p<0.05) groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that injury severity score (ISS) and intubation were factors affecting the decision to perform CVC before CT (p=0.003 and p=0.043). Regarding clinical outcomes, the interval from ED arrival to CT (p=0.011) and definite bleeding control (p=0.038), and hospital and intensive care unit lengths of stay (p=0.018 and p=0.053) were longer in the pre-CT group than in the post-CT group. Although not significant, the pre-CT group had lower survival rates at 24 hours and 28 days than the post-CT group (p=0.168 and p=0.226). Conclusions: Clinicians have a tendency to perform CVC before CT in patients with blunt major trauma and high ISS and intubation.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.271-274
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• 1997

Skin temperatures, heart rates and skin conductance levels were tested in order to extract the biological characteristics of the physical constitutional types in according to the Lee's 4 type physical constitutional theory. The subjects of this experiment were 14 ; 5 Macro-Negative subjects, 5 Micro-Negative subjects, 3 Micro-Positive subjects and 1 Macro-Positive subject. All subjects were stimulated with 2.5Hz 30V peak-peak pulses for 2 minutes. As the results, in normal prestimulation state the skin temperatures of the trunk in Micro-Positive and Macro-Positive subjects were higher than those of Macro-Negative and Micro-Negative subjects. In Macro-Negative subjects the reflected skin temperature of lever was the highest in the anterior trunk. In Micro-Negative subjects the reflected skin temperature of kidney was the highest in the trunk. In Micro-Positive subjects the reflected skin temperature of stomach was the highest in the trunk. In Macro-Positive subject the reflected skin temperature of lung was the highest in the trunk. In transient poststimulation state, heart rate was decreased in 7 cases among of 10 Macro-Negative and Micro-Negative subjects, but it was iscreased in 3 cases among of 4 Micro-Positive and Macro-Positive subjects. And the hand temperature was increased in 8 cases among of 10 Macro-Negative and Micro-Negative subjects, but it was decreased in 3 cases among of 4 Micro-Positive and Macro-Positive subjects.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.700-703
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• 2009

The present study investigated whether electroacupuncture (EA) can alleviate hypertension and concomitant disorders such as decreased kidney weight and elevation of serum creatinine in spontaneous hypertensive rats. EA (2 Hz, 3 mA, 10 min) was applied to Joksamni (ST36) once daily for 7 days. Body weight, blood pressure and heart rate were measured on Day 0, 2, 6, 8, 10 and 12, and kidney weight and serum creatinine levels were examined after sacrifice (on Day 12 after last examination). In the ST36 group, the blood pressure were significantly decreased from 6thdays and its effects lasted up to Day12 (up to 5days after cessation of acupuncture), compared to control. And, significant decreases of the heart rates after EA at ST36 were also observed on Day 2, 6, and 8. However, there were no significant differences in daily body weight, kidney weight and serum creatinine between acupuncture and control group. These results showed that EA at ST36 caused anti-hypertension by decreasing blood pressure and heart rates in spontaneous hypertenstive rats, although it failed to alleviate concomitant disorders such as the decreased kidney weight and elevation of serum creatinine shown in hypertensive rats.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.125-136
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• 2014

Purpose: We aimed to improve the survival rates of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. Methods: We analyzed data regarding cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) outcomes and clinical characteristics of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. The data included prehospital emergency medical service reports of 207 patients, 135 patients of Heart Saver, who survived over 72 hours after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in Gyeonggi-do from January, 2012 to December, 2013. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 descriptive statistics. Results: Among patients who achieved ROSC, 87.6% were men and 73.6% were aged 41-70 years; 86.7% were cases of witnessed cardiac arrest, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed by bystanders in 65.9% of cases. The initial electrocardiogram showed ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia in 96.3% of patients. The call time was 1.0 minutes, arrival time was 6.3 minutes, time spent at the scene was 8.0 minutes, hospital arrival time was 10.0 minutes, and total CPR duration was 9.6 minutes. The certificate of them was paramedics in 89.6%. Conclusion: To improve the survival rates of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients, standard prehospital care for these patients and educational programs regarding CPR for lay rescues should be developed.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2019

This study is aiming to compare stair ascent transportation speed and physical burden of evacuation supporters according to the types of stair ascent transportation for vulnerable people experimentally. In this study, we measured heart rate of the supporters to indicate physical burden during the transportation. The subjects of this experiment were male students, age of 20-26. Experimental conditions were the ways of stair transportation and the weight of vulnerable people. The types of stair transportation were giving a piggyback ride and carrying a wheelchair. Each experimental trial was video-recorded for measurement of ascent speed and observing supporters movement. As a result of the experiment, as for the ascent transportation speed by piggyback ride from the first floor to the fourth floor, the average speed of the light case is 31 seconds and for the heavy case is 43 seconds. When it comes to the average speed of wheelchair transportation's average speed the light case is 1 minute and 11 seconds and the heavy case is 1 minute and 49 seconds. Therefore, it was indicated that when the weight of a vulnerable people is lighter, the transportation speed is faster. The heart rates of evacuation supporters are different depending on transportation methods or individual's condition but as repetitive transportation increases, they tend to reach the maximum heart rates.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.313-353
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• 2023

Objectives: Heart failure is a chronic disease with increasing prevalence rates despite advancements in medical technology. Korean medicine utilizes herbal prescriptions to treat heart failure, but little is known about the specific herbal medicines comprising the network of herbal prescriptions for heart failure. This study proposes a novel methodology that can efficiently develop prescriptions and facilitate experimental research on heart failure by utilizing existing databases. Methods: Herbal medicine prescriptions for heart failure were identified through a PubMed search and compiled into a Google Sheet database. NetMiner 4 was used for network analysis, and the individual networks were classified according to the herbal medicine classification system to identify trends. K-HERB NETWORK was utilized to derive related prescriptions. Results: Network analysis of heart failure prescriptions and herbal medicines using NetMiner 4 produced 16 individual networks. Uhwangcheongsim-won (牛黃淸心元), Gamiondam-tang (加味溫膽湯), Bangpungtongseong-san (防風通聖散), and Bunsimgi-eum (分心氣飮) were identified as prescriptions with high similarity in the entire network. A total of 16 individual networks utilized K-HERB NETWORK to present prescriptions that were most similar to existing prescriptions. The results provide 1) an indication of existing prescriptions with potential for use to treat heart failure and 2) a basis for developing new prescriptions for heart failure treatment. Conclusion: The proposed methodology presents an efficient approach to developing new heart failure prescriptions and facilitating experimental research. This study highlights the potential of network pharmacology methodology and its possible applications in other diseases. Further studies on network pharmacology methodology are recommended.

• International Journal of Vascular Biomedical Engineering
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2004

Both flow visualizations and computational fluid dynamics were performed to determine hemodynamics in a total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) model for surgically correcting congenital heart defects. From magnetic resonance images, an anatomically correct glass model was fabricated to visualize steady flow. The total flow rates were 4, 6 and 8L/min and flow rates from SVC and IVC were 40:60. The flow split ratio between LPA and RPA was varied by 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50. A pressure-based finite-volume software was used to solve steady flow dynamics in TCPC models. Results showed that superior vena cava(SVC) and inferior vena cava(IVC) flow merged directly to the intra-atrial conduit, creating two large vortices. Significant swirl motions were observed in the intra-atrial conduit and pulmonary arteries. Flow collision or swirling flow resulted in energy loss in TCPC models. In addition, a large intra-atrial channel or a sharp bend in TCPC geometries could influence on energy losses. Energy conservation was efficient when flow rates in pulmonary branches were balanced. In order to increase energy efficiency in Fontan operations, it is necessary to remove a flow collision in the intra-atrial channel and a sharp bend in the pulmonary bifurcation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.258-263
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• 2016

Background: The advantages of using a homograft in valve replacement surgery are the excellent hemodynamic profile, low risk of thromboembolism, and low risk of prosthetic valve infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of homograft implantation in the aortic valve position. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 33 patients (>20 years old) who underwent aortic valve replacement or root replacement with homografts between April 1995 and May 2015. Valves were collected within 24 hours from explanted hearts of heart transplant recipients (<60 years) and organ donors who were not suitable for heart transplantation. The median follow-up duration was 35.6 months (range, 0 to 168 months). Results: Aortic homografts were used in all patients. The 30-day mortality rate was 9.1%. The 1- and 5-year survival rates were $80.0%{\pm}7.3%$ and $60.8%{\pm}10.1%$, respectively. The 1-, 5-, and 10-year freedom from reoperation rates were $92.3%{\pm}5.2%$, $68.9%{\pm}10.2%$, and $50.3%{\pm}13.6%$, respectively. The 1-, 5-, and 10-year freedom from significant aortic dysfunction rates were $91.7%{\pm}8.0%$, $41.7%{\pm}14.2%$, and $25.0%{\pm}12.5%$, respectively. Conclusion: Homografts had the advantages of a good hemodynamic profile and low risk of thromboembolic events, and with good outcomes in cases of aortitis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제80권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2017

Background: A sputum culture is the most reliable indicator of the infectiousness of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB); however, a spontaneous sputum specimen may not be suitable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the infectious period in patients with non-drug-resistant (DR) PTB receiving adequate standard chemotherapy, using induced sputum (IS) specimens. Methods: We evaluated the duration of infectiousness of PTB using a retrospective cohort design. Results: Among the 35 patients with PTB, 22 were smear-positive. The rates of IS culture positivity from baseline to the sixth week of anti-tuberculosis medication in the smear-positive PTB group were 100%, 100%, 91%, 73%, 36%, and 18%, respectively. For smear-positive PTB cases, the median time of conversion to culture negativity was 35.0 days (range, 28.0-42.0 days). In the smear-negative PTB group (n=13), the weekly rates of positive IS culture were 100%, 77%, 39%, 8%, 0%, and 0%, respectively, and the median time to conversion to culture-negative was 21.0 days (range, 17.5-28.0 days). Conclusion: The infectiousness of PTB, under adequate therapy, may persist longer than previously reported, even in patients with non-DR PTB.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2008

최근 휴대폰 보급률이 증가하면서 휴대폰 전자파로 인해 두통, 불면증, 단기간의 기억력 소실 등의 정신 신경 생리학적 증상을 호소하는 휴대폰 전자파 과민증(EHS, Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity) 환자들이 나타나고 있다. 그러나 휴대폰 전자파 과민반응의 원인이 막연한 불안감 때문인지 혹은 전자파 노출로 인한 증상 인지에 대하여 확실한 원인규명이 되지 않고 있다. GSM 방식의 휴대폰의 경우 전자파 노출 시 EHS 군을 대상으로 혈압, 맥박수 변화 및 자각 증상 등의 과민 반응에 대한 연구들이 수행되었으나 일반인과 EHS 군의 실험-대조군 연구로 생체신호, 자각증상 및 전자파 인지 여부에 대한 복합적인 연구와 CDMA 휴대폰 EHS 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 일반인 19명과 EHS 17명을 대상으로 30분간 300 mW의 CDMA 휴대폰 전자파에 노출 시 교감신경의 흥분을 나타내는 맥박, 호흡수, HRV(heart rate variability)의 변화를 측정하고, 전자파 노출 시 전자파 인지여부와 두통, 피로 등의 자각증상을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 일반인과 EHS 군 모두 전자파 노출여부에 따라 맥박, 호흡수, HRV의 변화가 없었고, 자각증상의 차이도 없었다. 전자파 인지 조사 결과 EHS 군이 일반인 군에 비하여 전자파를 더 잘 인지한다고 볼 수 없었다.