• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2014

Objectives: The objective of study was to calculate the municipal level environmental burden of disease (EBD) due to heat wave. Methods: The data used were Korea National Health Insurance 2011 claim data and 2011 death registry. Heatwave related diseases included hypertensive heart diseases, ischemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular disease, and heat related illness. According to the method that WHO proposed, the study computed population-attributable fraction with relative risk which come from previous study and proportion of exposure which the study calculated with historical meteorology data. Results: The Average of 251 municipal EBD was 2.11 per thousand persons. The value of years lost due to disability was 11 times higher than that of years of life lost. On average EBD of county and southern geographical areas tended to be higher than those of District or city areas. The relationship between municipal deprivation index (composite deprivation index) and EBD showed the positive association, which means that the worse deprived municipal is, the higher EBD takes. Conclusions: Climate change is getting one of the major risk factors of cardio-cerebrovascular disease, which is the second leading cause of death. The study results suggested the urgent policy planning and reaction of climate change adaptation.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1257-1264
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• 2011

Delirium is a neuropsychiatric disorder accompanying symptoms of hallucination, drowsiness, and tremors. It has high occurrence rates among elders, heart disease patients, and burn patients. It is a medical emergency associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates. That s why early detection and prevention of delirium ar significantly important. And This mental illness like delirium occurred by complex interaction between risk factors. In this paper, we identify risk factors and interactions between these factors for delirium using multi-factor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was undertaken to identify stroke risk with risk factors and knowledge of stork in women with prehypertension. Methods: A total of 46 pre-hypertensive women in urban area aged 44.8 (SD 11.4) yr old in average were selected by a convenient sampling. Demographic data, risk factors, and knowledge of stroke were assessed through face to face interview. Stroke risk scores were calculated based on points given to age, systolic blood pressure, smoking, DM, and heart disease in Framingham stroke risk score. Data were analyzed by SPSS WIN 12.0 using descriptive statistics, two sample t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The mean systolic blood pressure of participants was 133.11 mmHg, and HDL cholesterol was lower than the recommended level, although rest of physiologic risk factors were within normal. Of the participants, 82% did not do regular physical activity and 75% did not control fat intake persistently. Mean stroke risk points and knowledge scores were 4.48 and 29.15, respectively, which were significantly different between women with and without persistent controlling fat intake. Conclusion: Results indicate stroke prevention intervention for prehypertensive women should address comprehensively modifying lifestyle as well as physiologic factors, and information focusing on stroke risk factors and warning symptoms.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.285-294
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the colonization rate of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), the characteristics of CRE isolates, and risk factors for CRE colonization in patients transferred to the general wards of a small/medium-sized hospital. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent CRE culture tests within 24 hours of admission among patients transferred to a small/medium-sized hospital. Forty-seven patients confirmed as positive for CRE were classified as belonging to the patient group. For the control group, 235 patients (five times the number of the patient group) were matched by sex, age, and diagnosis, and then selected at random. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The CRE colonization rate was 5% (47 out of 933 patients), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (68.0%) was the most common isolate of CRE. The positivity rate of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae was 61.7%. The risk factors for CRE colonization included renal disease (odds ratio [OR]=4.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.49-16.31), heart disease (OR=3.86; 95% CI, 1.35-11.01), indwelling urinary catheters (OR=4.43; 95% CI, 1.59-12.36), and cephalosporin antibiotic use (OR=8.57; 95% CI, 1.23-59.60). Conclusion: Having a comorbid renal or cardiac disease, an indwelling urinary catheter, or a history of exposure to cephalosporin antibiotics could be classified as risk factors for CRE colonization in patients transferred to small and medium-size hospitals. It is necessary to perform active infection control through proactive CRE culture testing of patients with risk factors.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to examine the relationship between type D personality and cardiovascular disease, and to suggest future research directions. Method: A literature search was conducted from the following nine databases: 1) MEDLINE, 2) CINAHL, 3) Pubmed Unrestricted, 4) PsycINFO, 5) KISS, 6) RICHIS, 7) RISS4U, and 8) Nanet. The combinations of the words, "type D personality", "personality", "heart", "cardiovascular", and "coronary" were used for keyword searches to find relevant articles. Twenty eight studies were identified. Result: Type D personality has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients with established cardiovascular disease. Type D patients are also at increased risk for impaired quality of life, and seem to benefit less from medical and invasive treatment. Conclusion: There is substantial evidence for a relationship between type D personality and clinical outcomes related to cardiovascular disease. Randomized clinical trials are needed to further evaluate the value of controlling type D personality to improve survival and reduce morbidity in patients with cardiovascular disease. Accumulating evidence from this analysis indicates the urgent need to adopt a personality approach in order to optimize the identification of patients at risk for stress related cardiac events.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.850-862
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• 2007

Background : Cerebrovascular disease is a major cause of death and disability in adults. Silent cerebral infarction (SCI) portends more severe cerebral infarction or may lead to insidious progressive brain damage resulting in vascular dementia. Known cardiovascular risk factors, such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, hyperlipidemia and ischemic heart disease may increase the risk of SCI. This study was designed to evaluate the risk factors of SCI in an apparently normal adult population. Methods : We divided 340 neurologically normal adults (mean age=59.90$\pm$8.30, men:women = 146:194) who underwent brain computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the Stroke Medical Center in Daejeon University Oriental Medicine Hospital in two groups, Silent inf. and Controls,and analyzed risk factors of SCI by interview, physical examination and blood test. Risk factors of SCI were assessed by interview, physical examination and blood test. We performed Pearson's chi-square test and two-sample t-test for univariate analysis and multiple logistic regressions for multivariate analysis to evaluate risk factors of SCI. Results : Old age, diabetes mellitus, and high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were associated with SCI on univariate analysis. Diabetes mellitus was demonstrated to be an independent risk factor for SCI on multivariate analysis. Conclusions : Advanced age, diabetes mellitus, and LDH levels are associated with SCI.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.525-533
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• 2009

Objectives : There are lots of reports that cardiovascular disease, including hypertension, cerebro-vascular accident, and coronary heart disease, is related to atherosclerotic changes. Increased serum levels of lipids could play a role in these changes. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between PWV and risk factors of cardiovascular disease, including serum lipid values. Methods : This study included 261 subjects ($49.32{\pm}11.79$ years, 112 male) who underwent PWV and serum lipid evaluation. We investigated the correlation between serum lipid values, blood pressure, body mass index (EMI) and PWV. Pearson's correlation and partial correlation analysis were applied to examine the relationship between PWV and risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Results : Serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure were significantly correlated with PWV. Partial correlation coefficient adjusted by age yielded significant correlation between serum triglyceride, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and PWV. Conclusion : In this study, it seems that there are significant relationships between PWV, triglyceride and blood pressure. We could suggest that PWV might have some relationships with Dam-eum and blood stasis in oriental theory.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.287-294
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• 2004

Diabetic complication is one of major risk factors leading to vascular disease such as atherosclerosis, stroke, coronary heart disease and etc. Several factors affecting the acceleration of diabetic vascular complication have been known such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, immune complex and genetic factors. To screen and develop new therapeutics agents for diabetic vascular complication, it is strongly needed to develop animal models for diabetic complications. However in rodents models, diabetic complications is not well developed. Furthermore to assess the possibility of new therapeutics for diabetic vascular complications, diabetic animal models which have the risk factors of diabetic complications is needed. We aim to develop and establish an diabetic animal model which have diabetic complications with hyperlipidemia which is one of risk factors for diabetic complications. We induced insulin -dependent diabetes by intra. venous injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg/day) in RICO rats which is a spontaneous animal model for hyperlipidemia. Our models (STZ RICO) showed hyperglycemia, persistent high level of plasma cholesterol and triglyceridemia with severe diabetic renal changes until 28 weeks after induction of diabetes. STZ-RICO rats could be used for the evaluations of newly developed diabetic drugs.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.2219-2231
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 우리나라 30세 이상 성인들의 허혈성심장질환(ischemic heart disease, IHD) 발생률을 계산하고, 지질지표(콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도지단백콜레스테롤, 저밀도지단백콜레스테롤)가 허혈성심장질환 발생에 미치는 위험도를 파악하고자 19개 대학 및 종합병원의 건강검진센터에서 검진을 받은 417,642명을 대상으로 1993년 9월부터 2009년 6월까지 평균 8.5년동안 허혈성심장질환의 발생을 추적관찰하였다. 자료수집은 검진자들에 대한 설문조사지를 이용하였고, 허혈성심장질환의 발생여부는 국민건강보험공단의 데이터베이스에서 확인하였다. 발생률은 발생밀도로 계산하였고, 혈청지질 지표에 따른 허혈성심장질환의 발생 위험도는 콕스의 비례위험 회귀모형을 이용하여 연령, BMI, 생활양식을 보정한 상태에서 성별에 따른 위험요인별 위험비와 95% 신뢰구간을 계산하였다. 연구결과 TC/HDL 비의 증가에 따라 IHD의 발생 위험비는 남자에서 1.21배에서 1.84배까지, 여자는 1.26배에서 1.86배까지 증가하였으며, TG/HDL 비의 증가에 따른 IHD의 발생 위험비는 남자에서 1.17배에서 1.49배까지, 여자는 1.42배에서 1.97배까지, LDL/HDL 비에 따라 IHD의 발생 위험비는 남자에서 1.26배에서 1.82배까지, 여자는 1.26배에서 1.68배까지 증가하였다. 결론적으로 혈청지질지표는 심혈관질환의 중요한 위험요인으로 총콜레스테롤, 저밀도지단백콜레스테롤, 중성지방은 혈중 농도가 높을수록, 고밀도지단백콜레스테롤은 낮을수록 IHD의 위험이 높아지는 것으로 나타났고, TC/HDL 비, TG/HDL 비, LDL/HDL 비에서 단독의 지질지표보다 위험도가 더 높게 나타나는 경향이 있었다. 따라서 추후 허혈성 심장질환의 예방 및 관리에는 혈청지질지표의 비도 감안하여야 한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.308-316
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• 2011

혈관 질환 위험인자의 가족력은 이미 잘 알려져 있으며 최근 심혈관 질환의 위험인자를 대상으로 한 연구에서는 가족력 뿐 만 아니라 배우자간의 위험인자 일치성이 있다고 밝혔다. 이는 혈관 질환 위험인자에서의 가족력은 유전적인 이유뿐 만이 아니라 환경적 요인으로 인해서도 발생한 다는 것을 암시한다. 그러나 뇌졸중이 발생한 환자에서 그 배우자간 위험인자의 일치성을 알아본 연구는 없었다. 이 연구는 본 연구를 진행하기 앞서 시행한 연구로서 뇌졸중으로 입원했던 환자를 대상으로 위험인자간의 관련성을 조사해 그 경향성을 파악하고자 하였는데 고혈압의 유무(p=0.025)와 경동맥 내막-중막 두께(r=0.479, p=0.001)에서 의미있는 연관성을 보였으나 나이를 보정하는 경우 의미가 없는 것으로 드러났다. 일반 인구 대상이거나 심혈관질환자가 대상이었던 종전의 연구 결과와는 다른 결과였다. 의미 있는 경향성을 보인 위험인자에 대해서 추후 보다 큰 규모의 연구가 필요할 것이다.