• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1122-1131
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• 1995

One hundred eighty-eight patients[August.23,1988,through July.30,1994 underwent aortic[AVR , mitral[MVR , or double [DVR valve replacement with the St.Jude Medical prosthesis. The author analyzed 100 patients with valvular heart disease,who underwent valve replacement with the St.Jude Medical prothesis from 1990 to 1994, at Hanyang University hospital Cardiovascular department. Information on volume and functional change of the heart chamber can be obtained by cardiac echocardiography and cartheterization. Out of 100 patients, 40 patients were male[40% and 60 patients were female [60% . Age ranged from 13 years to 68 years, with mean age of 42.6 years. Mean height was 160.3cm and mean body weight was 54.9Kg. According to NYHA functional classification, class III is most frequent and 60 patients could be classfied under it. MVR [involved Redo MVR was performed in 40 patients, AVR [involved Redo AVR was performed in 18 patients, and DVR [involved Redo DVR was performed in 42 patients. Warfarin [Coumadin anticoagulation was recommended for all patients. Life long warfarin anticoagulation was necessary to all patients who underwent valve replacement with St.Jude Medical prosthesis. Ideal prothrombin time was maintained about 30% during warfarinization. There were no case of mechanical failure. It followed a comparison of echocardiography before and after valve replacement at Hanyang University hospital [30 patients and a preoperative evaluation of cardiac catheterization and angiography [64 patients . The St.Jude Medical cardiac valve is a viable alternative in the surgical therapy of valvular heart disease.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.363-373
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• 1986

Even though the pathogenesis is still controversial, electrocardiographic changes after congenital open heart surgery depend on various etiologic factors. Author reviewed 261 cases of congenital open heart surgery patient experienced in the Dept. of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, since July, 1981 to Sept., 1985. The results were summarized as followed: 1. The age distribution was from 3 to 29 years old with mean age 10.8 years. And the most frequent congenital heart defect we had done operation was VSD. 2. Preoperatively, the most frequent ECG finding was abnormal QRS complex and postoperatively the most frequent ECG change was arrhythmia. 3. The most frequent arrhythmia before operation was intraventricular conduction disturbance. 4. Right ventriculotomy incision produced the more frequent abnormal ECG changes postoperatively than right atriotomy or pulmonary arteriotomy. 5. According to the operative technique, outflow patch graft of TOF repair produced the highest frequency of ECG changes after operation, and in comparing simple and patch closure of VSD, the latter was higher frequency of ECG changes, in valvotomy and infundibulectomy of PS, the latter was higher too. 6. The common symptom and signs in abnormally ECG changed patients after operation were palpitation, dyspnea, congestive heart failure and murmur in this order., 7. The longer the time of CPB, the more number of abnormally ECG changed patients had been developed after operation. 8. The most of postoperative ECG changed patients recovered spontaneously or with only medication and were clinically insignificant. And the rest other minor group recovered with temporary pacing. Eight cases out of 261 [3.1%], these with abnormal QRS complex and arrhythmia couldn`t recover in spite of every effort and eventually succumbed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.641-648
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• 1988

Between April 9, 1986 and September 2, 1987, 134 patients underwent open heart surgery with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass and cold blood cardioplegia. There were 65 patients[48.5%] of acyanotic congenital cardiac anomalies, 19 patients[14.2%] of cyanotic congenital cardiac anomalies, and 50 patients[37.3%] of acquired heart diseases, which included 49 valvular diseases and 1 myxoma. In 84 congenital cardiac anomalies, 44 patients were male and 40 patients were female ranged in age from 2 years to 57 years. In 50 acquired heart diseases, 18 patients were male and 32 patients were female ranged in age from 10 years to 65 years. The common congenital defects operated were VSD in acyanotic cardiac patients, and Tetralogy of Fallot in cyanotic cardiac patients. Among 50 acquired heart diseases, 49 patient underwent operation for cardiac valvular lesions. 33 patients had mitral valve replacement and 7 patients had aortic valve replacement. 1 patient underwent aortic valvuloplasty and 8 patients had double valve replacement. The operative mortality rate was 3.1%[2 out of 65 patients] in acyanotic cardiac patients, 5.3%[1 out of 17 patients] in cyanotic cardiac patients, and 12.0%[6 out of 50 patients] in acquired cardiac patients, with overall mortality rate of 6.7%[9 out of 134 patients].

• International Journal of Heart Failure
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.93-106
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• 2024

Being commonly diagnosed in elderly women and associated with comorbidities as well as ageing-related cardio-vascular changes, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has been recently considered as a distinct cardiogeriatric syndrome. Frailty is another frequent geriatric syndrome. HFpEF and frailty share common underlying mechanisms, often co-exist, and represent each other's risk factors. A threshold of 65 years old is usually used to screen patients for both frailty and HFpEF in research and clinical settings. However, both HFpEF and frailty are very heterogenous conditions that may develop at younger ages. In this review we aim to provide a broader overview on the coexistence of HFpEF and frailty throughout the lifetime. We hypothesize that HFpEF and frailty patients' profiles (young, elderly, superaged) represent a continuum of the common ageing process modified by cumulative exposure to risk factors resulting to a presentation of HFpEF and frailty at different ages. We believe, that suggested approach might stimulate assessment of frailty in HFpEF assessment and vice versa regardless of age and early implementation of targeted interventions. Future studies of pathophysiology, clinical features, and outcomes of frailty in HFpEF by age are needed.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2023

Exercise is beneficial to the body in some ways. It is vital for people who have heart problems to perform exercise according to their condition. This paper describes how an Android platform can provide early warnings of fatigue during wushu exercise using Photoplethysmography (PPG) signals. Using the data from a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) gyroscope to detect heart rate, this study contributes an algorithm to determine a user's fatigue during wushu exercise. It sends vibration messages to the user's smartphone device when the heart rate exceeds the limit or is too fast during exercise. The heart rate monitoring system in the app records heart rate data in real-time while exercising. A simple pulse sensor and Android app can be used to monitor heart rate. This plug-in sensor measures heart rate based on photoplethysmography (PPG) signals during exercise. Pulse sensors can be easily inserted into the fingertip of the user. An embedded microcontroller detects the heart rate by connecting a pulse sensor transmitted via Bluetooth to the smartphone. In order to measure the impact of physical activity on heart rate, Wushu System tests are conducted using various factors, such as age, exercise speed, and duration. During testing, the Android app was found to detect heart rate with an accuracy of 95.3% and to warn the user when their heart rate rises to an abnormal level.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2019

Objective : We attempted to discover that Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has a comprehensive relationship with congestive heart failure and death. Methods : We used a nationwide database managed by the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2010 to 2014. Twelve thousand nine hundred eighty-eight patients with a diagnosis of AS and 64940 age- and sex- stratified matching subjects without AS were enrolled in the AS and control groups. Incidence probabilities of 6 years congestive heart failure and death in each group were calculated. The Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to estimate the hazard ratio. We divided the AS and control groups into subgroups according to sex, age, income, and comorbidities. Results : During the follow-up period, 102 patients (0.79%) in the AS group and 201 patients (0.32%) in the control group developed congestive heart failure (p<0.0001). In addition, 211 (1.62%) subjects in the AS group died during the follow-up period compared to 639 (0.98%) subjects in the control group (p<0.0001). The adjusted hazard ratio of congestive heart failure and death in the AS group was 2.28 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.80-2.89) and 1.66 (95% CI, 1.42-1.95), respectively. The hazard ratios of congestive heart failure and death were significantly increased in all of the subgroups. Conclusion : The incidence rates of congestive heart failure and death were increased in AS patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.498-505
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• 1987

From June 1984 to Aug. 1986, 90 cases of open heart surgery were performed at the department of cardiothoracic surgery of Kosin Medical College. There were 63 cases of congenital cardiac anomalies and 27 cases of acquired heart diseases. The sex ratio of congenital and acquired heart diseases were represented as 1.4:1 and 1:1.5 respectively. The age distribution was ranged from 7/12 to 56 years old. Among the 63 congenital cardiac anomalies, 49 cases of acyanotic group and 14 cases of cyanotic group were noted. In 49 cases of acyanotic group, 32 VSD, 15 ASD, 1 PS, and 1 RCA-LV fistula were noticed. In 14 cases of cyanotic group, 7 TOF, 1 TOF (Dextrosardia) combined with IVC interruption, 1 Triology of Fallot, 2 Pentalogy of Fallot. 1 DORV, 1 TA with PDA, VSD, ASD and Left SVC and 1 TAPVC were included. Of the 27 acquired heart diseases, 13 mitral, 3 aortic , 6 bival, 3 triplevalvular diseases and 2 LA myxomas were noted. Overall mortality were 11 cases, which included 2 cases of acyanotic heart diseases, 6 cases of cyanotic heart diseases and 3 cases of acquired hear diseases.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.77-88
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• 2021

Heart Failure represents a critical pathological case that is challenging to predict and discover at an early age, with a notable increase in morbidity and mortality. Machine Learning and Neural Network techniques play a crucial role in predicting heart attacks, diseases and more. These techniques give valuable perspectives for clinicians who may then adjust their diagnosis for each individual patient. This paper evaluated neural network models for heart attacks predictions. Several online learning methods were investigated to automatically and accurately predict heart attacks. The UCI dataset was used in this work to train and evaluate First Order and Second Order Online Learning methods; namely Backpropagation, Delta bar Delta, Levenberg Marquardt and QuickProp learning methods. An optimizer technique was also used to minimize the random noise in the database. A regularization concept was employed to further improve the generalization of the model. Results show that a three layers' NN model with a Backpropagation algorithm and Nadam optimizer achieved a promising accuracy for the heart attach prediction tasks.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.22-25
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• 2004

Purpose: The heel fat pad has a unique structure that is important for its shock absorbing function. Loss of elasticity and change in the thickness of the heel pad have been suggested as cause of heel pain. The present study shows the relationship between the thickness of heel fat pad and age, sex, obesity and plantar heel pain. Materials and Methods: A study of heel pad thickness using plain lateral radiographs, unloaded by body weight, was carried out on 66 patients with plantar heel pain and 326 normal subjects. The population was divided into two or three groups according to their age, sex, body mass index, and the presence of symptom. We evaluated the differences in heel pad thickness between groups, and the relationship between BMI and Sex and Age was also determined, using statistically analytic method by SPSS version 10.1 program. Results: Heel pad thickness was greater in the subject over 40 years old (p<0.001), and in the overweight (p<0.001), and male heel pad was thicker than female (p<0.001). But there was no statistically significant difference for heel pad thickness between normal subject and plantar heel pain group. Conclusion: In this study, we found that there is a relationship between heel pad thickness and age, sex, and obesity. But we could not show that the difference of heel pad thickness is contributing factor to plantar heel pain. Although it could not be proved statistically, we believe that a change of heel pad thickness play a role in the development of heel pain. So we are planning to assess a relationship of heel pad elasticity and thickness and plantar heel pain again with prospective study method on the basis of the results of this study.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.581-586
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• 2006

Purpose: Pediatric burn still generates social problem leading to physical and mental sequelae for ages. We studied to help make a program for the prevention of pediatric burn. Methods: We analyzed retrospectically 2759 acute burn patients under the age of 15 years in recent 5years (January 2000 - December 2004). Results: 1553 males and 1226 females were investigated, with a male to female ratio of 1.25 : 1. The greatest number of burn patients were those with an age of 1 - 2 years(1435, 52%). Scalding burn was the most common cause of injury, which accounted for 1980 (71.8%) patients, followed by contact burns(286, 10.4%), flame burn(229, 8.3%), steam burn(141, 5.1%). Especially steam burn was the second cause of injury in the age under 1 year, while flame burn was the same in the age over 3 years. During recent 5 years, incidence of contact burn increased over twofold despite the others did not changed substantially. Variation of seasonal incidence is minimal and most of the patients(2545 cases, 92.2%) had burns of ${\leq}20%$ TBSA. The median hospital stay was 18.3 days, and the rate of operation was 35.4% with an high rate in electrical burn(70.6%), steam burn(68.8%), contact burn(65%). 27 patients died in this series, which yielded a mortality rate of 1%. Conclusion: We expect that these data will be used as a basis for prevention of pediatric burn.