• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.303-310
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence of dental caries among an urban population. Methods: This study was conducted among 2000 people 15-40 years of age living in Kurdistan, Iran in 2015. Using a questionnaire, data were collected by 4 trained dental students. The dependent variable was the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMF) index. Using principal component analysis, the socioeconomic status (SES) of families was determined based on their household assets. Inequality was measured using the concentration index; in addition, the Oaxaca analytical method was used to determine the contribution of various determinants to the observed inequality. Results: The concentration index for poor scores on the DMF index was -0.32 (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.40 to -0.36); thus, poor DMF indices had a greater concentration in groups with a low SES (p<0.001). Decomposition analysis showed that the mean prevalence of a poor DMF index was 43.7% (95% CI, 40.4 to 46.9%) in the least privileged group and 14.4% (95% CI, 9.5 to 9.2%) in the most privileged group. It was found that 85.8% of the gap observed between these groups was due to differences in sex, parents' education, and the district of residence. A poor DMF index was less prevalent among people with higher SES than among those with lower SES (odds ratio, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.52). Conclusions: An alarming degree of SES inequality in oral health status was found in the studied community. Hence, it is suggested that inequalities in oral health status be reduced via adopting appropriate policies such as the delivery of oral health services to poorer groups and covering such services in insurance programs.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.288-302
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• 2019

Background: The one-person households (OPH) are rapidly increasing and vulnerable to socioeconomic and health problems. Because it is predicted to be inequitable to health care utilization, we would like to find out about the equity of health care utilization of the OPH by comparison with the multi-person households (MPH). Methods: This study followed the theoretical framework of Wagstaff and van Doorslaer (2000), O'Donnell and his colleagues (2008), where the horizontal inequity index is the difference between the concentration indices of actual health care utilization and health care needs. This study employed the 9th Korea Health Panel survey, and a total of 10,807 cases were analyzed. Health care needs were measured by age, sex, subjective health status, chronic disease count, Charlson's Comorbidity Index, limitation of activities, and disability. Results: Compared with the MPH, there were pro-poor inequities in hospitalization, emergency utilization, hospitalization out-of-pocket payments, and pro-rich inequities in outpatient out-of-pocket payments for the OPH. The decomposition of the concentration index revealed that chronic disease count made the largest contribution to socioeconomic inequality in outpatient utilization. Age, health insurance, economic activities, and subjective health status also proved more important contributors to inequality. The variables contributing to the hospitalization and emergency utilization inequity were age, education, Charlson's Comorbidity Index, marital status, and income. Conclusion: Because the OPH was more vulnerable to health problems than the MPH and there were pro-poor inequities in medical utilization, hospitalization, and emergency costs, it is necessary to develop a policy that can correct and improve the portion of high contribution to medical utilization of the OPH.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2004

Purpose: This study examined the health status of elderly. Method: This is a survey using cross-sectional design. The subject were 122 elders who were 65 and over in Daejeon. Instrumental activity of daily living, nutrition and Body mass index for physical health status, social engagement for social health status, and depression and loneliness for emotional health status were measured. Results: Independent level was medium, and nutrition and BMI were normal level. Social engagement score was 2.38 which means low. Mean depression level was 7.71 and mean loneliness level was 56.77, which means high. The risk factors for vulnerable health status were no spouse, lower pocket money, living at institution, poor subjective health status. Conclusion: This finding indicates that the elderly subjects were in normal physical health status, but social and emotional health status were poor.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.228-237
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• 2019

Background: This study aimed to investigate allergic rhinitis and the relationship between allergic diseases, such as asthma and allergic rhinitis, and dental caries and periodontal disease using the raw data from third year of the 6th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Methods: A total of 3,729 subjects aged over 30 years who underwent examination for allergic diseases and an oral health checkup were selected. The data were analyzed using SPSS IBM SPSS ver. 25.0 (IBM Corp., USA). Composite sample cross correlation and composite sample logistic regression analyses were performed using the composite sample general linear model. Results: On examining the socioeconomic characteristics of the subjects suffering from allergic disease and the relationship between allergic disease and oral health, allergic rhinitis was more frequently found in younger subjects with a higher level of education. Periodontal disease and dental caries were more frequent among female, older age groups, lower income earners, and subjects with a lower level of education (p<0.05). On examining the relationship between the oral health characteristics of the subject and allergic diseases and oral health, allergic rhinitis was more common in subjects with a good oral health status perception than those who answered "bad" to the oral health status question. The community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN) score was higher in subjects who answered "poor" to the oral health status question, lower frequency of brushing, and higher in subjects using secondary oral hygiene products; the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index was higher in subjects with a perception of poor oral health status (p<0.05). The DMFT index was high in the asthma group, and the CPITN score was high in the group who answered "no" to allergic rhinitis. Conclusion: There is a relationship between asthma and allergic rhinitis and the DFMT index and CPITN score. Corresponding oral programs for allergic patients need to be developed.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate food habits and eating behavior of preschool children. Food habit, eating behavior and health status were investigated by using a questionnaire answered by the mothers of 312 children aged 6 to 7 years old who lived in Uiwang. The average height, weight, Kaup index were 115.08cm, 21.41 kg, 16.13, respectively, for boys 111.37 cm, 19.93 kg, 15.72 for girls. Results showed that 72.16% of subjects skipped the breakfast meal. One of the main reason fur skipping breakfast was 'no appetite'(53.14%). It was found that 49.67% of the subjects belonged to 'good' in health status. The eating behavior of 'watching TV or playing a toy during meal' and 'can eat the rice by oneself were significantly higher score in girls than in boys(p<0.05). Food attention of the parents for the health of children was the highest in 'keep regular meals a day'(92.65%). Health status showed significantly negative correlations with kaup index and eating behavio(p<0.001). Kaup index(p<0.05) and health attention(p<0.001) were positively related with eating behavior. Based on this study, nutritional education program for preschool children would be required for the dietetics teacher to guide the children and more attention should be paid to the nutritional education of food habits in this age group and their mothers.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제9권11호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2018

Purpose - This study surveys factors such as lifestyles, nutritional status, physical indicators, and physical fitness levels that affect the health of seniors over the age of 65 and based on the collected data attempts to create a senior health index model that provides health service information, help support seniors' successful aging, and improve their quality of life. Research design, data, and methodology - This paper conducted the development for senior health index model and the cross validity verification to examine the status of senior health level, and aimed at setting the health status evaluation criteria. Seniors 384 usable data were analyzed. Results - As an attempt to segment the senior health service market, I divided the results of this study based on measurability, accessibility, disparity between groups, and the size of the potential client base. I divided the senior market into five subgroups: very healthy, healthy, normal, weak, and very weak. Conclusions - The findings of this study may prove useful in preparing for the forthcoming super-aged society through segmentation of the senior market, understanding differences between groups with different health conditions, and discovering effective marketing strategies that meet the demands of different senior groups.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.344-350
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• 2006

The study aims to examine whether regular leisure activity of the elderly with active and passive types has a beneficial effect to enhance their health condition. The elderly subjects of 164 (82 of elderly who do active leisure and 82 of elderly who do passive leisure) aged over 60 years in Suwon area were employed. Survey questionnaires were administered to investigate general characteristics, life style, and health status along with anthropometric measurement. From the findings, the elderly who do active leisure were highly educated and better in living status. The elderly who do passive leisure showed higher drinking and smoking rates as well as higher obesity and overweight rates in comparison to the other counterpart. Furthermore, the elderly who do passive leisure were poor in health status. 'Painful knee and eye', 'lower back pain', and 'fatigue' were the most prevalent among subjective symptoms of the elderly. In conclusion, the elderly with active leisure activity seemed to have better life style and maintain good health status. Therefore, it is critically important to establish the health program combined with various leisure activity for the seniors to promote and energize the later years of life.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.206-213
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• 2013

본 연구는 구강건강 증진을 위한 구강건강신념의 형성을 위해서 결혼이주여성들은 대상으로 구강보건교육 프로그램을 개발 실시하여 구강보건교육 실시 전과 실시 후가 구강건강 지식 및 태도에 어떤 효과가 있는지 진단해보고 실제적으로 구강상태를 조사하여 구강건강증진 어떤 변화가 있는지 알아보고자한다. 다문화가족지원센터에서 2012년 3월 26일에서 2012년 6월 30일까지 연구대상자는 실험집단, 통제집단 각각 51명으로 구성되었고, 구강지식과 인식을 사전-사후 조사했으며 인식에 변화가 있어 치과를 방문한 사람을 추후 조사하여 구강상태를 조사하여 대응표본t검증, 반복측정 변량분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 구강보건 인식에서는 구강상식, 치주질환, 치아우식증, 잇솔질 영역에서 향상 나타났고 구강보건지식에서는 치주질환, 치아우식증, 잇솔질, 불소, 구취영역에서 구강보건인식에서 향상 나타났다. 우식경험영구지수(DMFT index)변화 즉 우식경험 미처치 치아수 (DT index)가 줄어들고 우식경험 처치치아수 (FT index) 늘어났다. 이상의 결과와 같이 본 연구에서 개발한 국제결혼이주 여성을 위한 구강보건 교육 프로그램은 결혼이주여성들의 구강보건인식. 지식 등의 변화를 가져왔으며 지식의 변화는 행동의 영향을 주어 치주상태, 우식경험 영구치지수의 변화도 있었다. 이는 결혼이주여성의 구강보건을 위한 교육프로그램의 중요성을 보여주고 있으며, 추후 구강보건교육 프로그램 개발을 위한 정보를 제공하여 다양한 측면에서 구강보건교육 프로그램이 개발되어 예방과 치료를 병행할 수 있게 되어야할 것이다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.555-564
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the oral health assessment and satisfaction according to recognition and beneficiary oral health projects for oral health promotion of the elderly. Methods: The subjects were elderly over 65 years old in Jeonbuk province. The study instrument was structured questionnaire including general characteristics, oral care condition, recognition of project, satisfaction of project, geriatric oral health assessment index, life satisfaction. For data analysis, the study used independent t-test, one way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The subjects of this study were well aware of the perceived health status of oral health projects. Satisfaction scaling project was the highest in the satisfaction of the received projects. People who recognized the oral health project had a high oral health assessment index. People who benefit from oral health project showed higher satisfaction in life. Conclusions: As for the elderly's perception on oral health care, they showed higher oral health assessment index and life satisfaction.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2015

본 연구는 다양한 나라에서 우리나라에 이주해 온 외국인 노동자 426명을 대상으로 일반적인 특성에 따른 칫솔질 행태와 구강건강상태, 칫솔질과 구강건강상태와의 관계를 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었으며 통계적으로 유의한 결과이다. 일반적인 특성에 따른 하루 3회 이상 칫솔질 빈도는 여성이 63.0%로 남성보다 높았으며, 교육수준은 학력 수준이 높을수록 칫솔질 빈도가 높았다. 체류기간은 국내에 체류기간이 어느 정도 지난 경우 높게 나타났다. 건강보험은 전반적으로 건강보험이 가입된 경우 빈도가 높았다. 의료비 부담은 무료인 경우 50.0%로 가장 높았고, 친구 또는 정기적인 모임이 있는 경우 칫솔질 빈도가 높게 측정되었다. 칫솔질 부위 중 치아, 잇몸, 혀를 전체적으로 잘 닦는 경우는 연령이 적을수록, 미혼인 경우가 전체적으로 잘 닦고 있었으며 수입은 보통인 경우가 잘 닦고 있었고, 건강보험에 가입한 경우가 잘 닦고 있었다(p<0.05). 일반적인 특성에 따른 칫솔질 소요시간 3분 이상인 집단은 미혼인 경우와 건강보험에 가입된 경우가 칫솔질 소요시간이 길었으며, 칫솔질 교육유무에서는 국내 체류기간이 5년 초과인 경우와 정기적인 모임이 있는 경우가 칫솔질 교육을 많이 받았다. 구강위생용품은 성별은 여성, 학력은 학력수준이 높을수록, 체류기간은 3~5년 사이가 많이 사용하고 있었으며 의료비 부담은 무료인 경우와 정기적인 모임이 있는 경우 구강위생용품을 많이 사용한다고 나타났다(p<0.05). 일반적인 특성에 따른 DMFT index의 평균은 6.98, CPITN의 평균은 3.03으로 우리나라 2010년 국민구강건강 실태조사에서 성인 18세에서 44세의 DMFT index 5.9, CPITN은 1.6에 비하여 높은 것으로 나타났다. 성별에서는 DMFT index가 여성이 높았고, CPITN은 남성이 높았다. 연령, 결혼여부, 학력의 CPITN은 연령이 높을수록 높았으며 결혼여부는 기혼이 낮았다. 학력은 고졸 이하가 낮았다. 동거인이 없는 경우는 DMFT index가 높았고, CPITN은 동거인이 있는 경우가 2.97로 낮았다. 수입은 100만원 미만이 8.17로 DMFT index가 가장 높았고, CPITN은 100만원 미만이 2.75로 가장 낮았다. 건강보험이 있는 경우 DMFT index는 높았고, CPITN은 낮았다(p<0.05). 칫솔질 행태에 따른 DMFT index와 CPITN의 결과는 칫솔질 빈도 3회 이상에서 DMFT index가 8.34로 가장 높았으며, CPITN은 2.96으로 가장 낮았다. DMFT index는 칫솔질 행태가 좋을수록 높았으며 CPITN은 칫솔질 행태가 좋지 않을수록 낮게 나타났다. 상관분석 결과는 DMFT index에서 칫솔질 빈도와 칫솔질 부위, CPITN에서는 칫솔질 부위와 칫솔질 소요시간이 유의성을 나타냈다(p<0.05). 이상과 같은 결과를 바탕으로 외국인 이주 노동자들의 구강건강증진을 위한 질 높은 의료서비스를 제공하기 위해서는 치아우식증과 치주질환의 예방법으로 가장 기본인 칫솔질의 중요성을 인식시키고 올바른 칫솔질 관리를 위한 지속적인 교육이 이루어져야 할 것이다.