• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.661-667
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• 2014

This study is a cross-sectional study for conscripts with chronic low back pain, where it is designed to investigate general characteristics that conscripts with chronic low back pain carry, and it is also aimed to analyze the correlation as well as discrepancy within pain, depression and body mass index depending on their ranks. In this study, 90 Korean conscripts with chronic low back pain participated. And in order to analyze general characteristics as well as pain, depression and body mass index of the subjects, this study adopted a survey questionnaire upon general characteristics, and it also employed Visual Analogue Scacle(VAS) and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression(CES-D) Scale which have proven their credibility, where BMI values for the subjects were calculated based on 'Asian Pacific standard' Body Mass Index(BMI). From the general characteristics exhibited by the subjects through this study, average age and average height of the subjects were $20.78{\pm}1.41$ and $175.97{\pm}5.34$ respectively; and corporals displayed the highest ratio of 42% with the chronic low back pain while 40% of the total subjects experienced the duration of the illness less than 6 to 9 months. Moreover, 57.8% of all subjects were reportedly suffering moderate pain, and 48% exhibited depression while 49% carried BMI value between 18.5 and $22.9kg/m^2$(normal range). Based on the analysis of correlation among pain, depression, discrepancy of BMI depending on the ranks and each independent variable, it appears that there is no significant difference amongst the ranks, and there is no correlation between independent variables; however, it was obvious that all groups divided by the ranks had a moderate pain(45-74mm), depression(${\geq}16$) and BMI value in normal range(18.5-22.9).

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.527-536
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• 2005

The effects of dietary Gleditschia on fatty acid composition, lipid oxidation, and pork quality were investigated. Pigs (n=40) were fed a diet containing 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 1% Gleditschia for 14 weeks and slaughtered at 110 kg average. The longissimus throracis et lumborum muscle was collected at 24 hr postmortem. Pork loin chops (3 cm thick) were packaged aerobically and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. Samples were analyzed for fatty acid composition, ultimate pH, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS), color ($L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$), drip loss and water-holding capacity. There was no significant difference of moisture and crude fat percent in between treatment and control group, and the color stability of pork loin better in all treat groups was more improved during cold storage. The change of pH was significantly increased (p<0.05) in 0.2, 0.4, 1% treatment groups compare to the control group. Water-holding capacity of pig loins was significantly higher (p<0.05) in all treat groups than in control group; 0.2% treat group was the highest in the water holding capacity followed by 0.4, 1, and 0.1% treat groups. Less drip loss of pig loin was observed with samples from Gleditschia-fed pigs except 1% treat group. Unsaturated fatty acid were tend to be decreased and saturated fatty acid were tend to be increased in Gleditschia-treated group. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance value of control was significantly higher than that of the Gleditschia-fed group (p<0.05).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.2647-2655
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• 2015

This study has the purpose to evaluate the effects of cooperative learning applying Jigsaw model in simulation based infection control education by comparing perception of infection control, intrinsic motive and learning satisfaction, 54 first-year health related students. It is composed of 27 students of the experimental group and 27 students of the control group. In order to evaluate the homogeneity between the two groups, it surveyed in advance perception of infection control, intrinsic motive and learning satisfaction. There was no significant difference between the two groups, The education program composed cooperative learning applying Jigsaw Model, simulation practice and debriefing to the experimental group was performed twice for 2 weeks and lecture and skill training, simulation practice and debriefing were performed to the control group. After two-week education, perception of infection control, intrinsic motive and learning satisfaction of the participants the research were surveyed. As a result of this study, the Jigsow Model indicated the perception of infection control and learning satisfaction experimental group was significantly high in statistic. Based on this research result, I suggests that utilization of cooperative learning applying the Jigsaw Model as a strategy to improve the scholatic achievement and learning satisfaction of students in the variable simulation based education.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.353-374
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• 2008

The descriptive epidemiology of specific neuropathic pain disorders has not been well-des-cribed, although the burden of neuropathic pain is well recognized. The true incidence of neuro-pathic pain disorder is unknown, but it is believed to be under diagnosed and treated inade-quately, despite the development of various diagnostic system. The purpose of this study was to report the epidemiology of specific neuropathic pain as managed by all kinds of hospital in Korea. A descriptive analysis of the epidemiology of prevalent trigeminal neuralgia(TN)(n-=77,053 27,6%), atypical facial pain(AFP)(n=12,382 4.4%), glossopharyngeal neuralgia(GN)-(n=1,319 0.5%), post-herpetic neuralgia(PHN)-(n=84,598 30.3%), diabetic neuropathy(DN)-(n=85,989 30.8%), atypical odontalgia(AO)-(n=16,001 5.7%) and glossodynia(GD)(n=2,133 0.8%) and treatment departments and treatment durations from computerized Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service(HIRA) of Korea: January 2003 to December 2005, are reported with rates increasing over time for PHN and DN and decreasing for the other neuropathic pain disorders. Most patients were treated at private clinic record for 57.6-72.8% of patients except OA for 10.3%. The percentage of Dept of dentistry for outpatients was 3.2% for TN, 34.7% for AO and 15.4% for GD. Other neuropathic pain patients visited nearly medical clinic.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.175-199
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• 2000

Acupuncture and moxibustion play an important role not only in the medical service and health care of Korea, China and japan but also in those of many western countries such as Germany, France, United States of America. An unexpected results induced by careless acupuncture and moxibustion treatments may be mild or severe, and are due to practitioner's mistake and particular body condition of a patient. This study was performed to establish a preventive measures against medical accident induced by acupuncture therapy. Total 23 acupuncture points which are included in a J${\bar{l}}$n-Zh${\dot{e}}$n-Xu${\acute{e}}$-G${\dot{e}}$ were selected as prohibited acupuncture points. Although the records in J${\bar{l}}$n-Zh${\dot{e}}$n-Xu${\acute{e}}$-G${\dot{e}}$ are an important data historically which show dangerous acupuncture points, there are few a full investigation on J${\bar{l}}$n-Zh${\dot{e}}$n-Xu${\acute{e}}$-G${\dot{e}}$ up to the present. So present study was done for literature review to understand a feasibility of the records in J${\bar{l}}$n-Zh${\dot{e}}$n-Xu${\acute{e}}$-G${\dot{e}}$ in association with dangerous acupuncture points. Based upon the locations of these acupuncture points, the dangerous region were classified three categories, head, soma and limb. And abnormal signs related to the improperly performed acupuncture treatment on each point were investigated by using historical reference books on acupuncture and moxibustion. And then names, locations, depth of insertion, operation methods and side effects of each point were investigated.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.139-149
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• 2005

In order to study about the lobule and layer formation and cell migration of the mouse cerebellum from at the birth to 15th day effected by 2.5, 5 and 10 Gy r-raddiation at the 19th pregnancy. The routine tissue preparation and staining procedure, Immunohistochemical staining method by the several antibody and western brotting method were utilized from the birth to the15th day. The results were as followings. 1. The body and cerebellum weights were more slowly increase of the the 2.5 Gy, 5 Gy and 10 Gy irradiation group compare to the control group, and the health condition of the 2.5 Gy group was a little bad. but the 10 Gy group was more severe and begun to die from the 12th day after birth. 2. The thickness, proliferation and migration of the 2.5, 5 and 10 Gy irradiated external granular cells from the maginal zone to the medullary area forming the molecular layer from the 6th day to the 15th day after birth were thinner, weaker and more slower according to the radiated dosages than the control group in the cresyl violet staining. 3. The proliteration, migration and lobulation of the 5 Gy radiated groups from the first day to the 15th day after birth were more weak, incomplete and irregular shape in the immunostaining with Dab, Cdk5, P35, calbindin and Zebrin antibody. 4. In the western blotting analysis using the Reelin, Dab, Cdk5 and P35 antibody. The Bands were in the 60 KD, 80 KD, 33 KD and 35 KD, and there were no differences between the control and irradiated groups in the molecular band except the Reelin. 5. As a results, the proliferation and migration of the outer granular and purkinje cells, and lobulation of the cerebellum by the several dosaege of the ${\gamma}$-ray radiation were proportionally incomplete according to dosage.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.140-151
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• 2019

It is to assess the indoor air quality of the chemical hazardous materials exposed to the fire after firefighters returned to the fire scene. The research subject randomly selected four fire stations located in Seoul, Korea. Two fire stations were set up as control groups after the return of the firefighting activities at the actual fire scene, and two other fire stations were set up as control groups to measure the air quality of the room at normal levels regardless of the action. We conducted 24-hour monitoring for all fire accidents that occurred in Seoul Metropolitan using fire safety map computer system. Also, indoor air quality was measured immediately after homecoming if the experiment group was to be dispatched due to an accident of intermediate or larger scale. 11 hazardous substance items such as fine dust, formaldehyde, volatile organic compounds, PAH, VCM, acidity, asbestos, CO₂, NO₂, O₃ were measured according to the process test method. Three of 11 types of harmful substances exceeded domestic and foreign standards, and one of them was found to be close to foreign standards. In particular, total volatile organic compounds, carbon dioxide and sulfuric acids were 2.5 times, 2.2 times and 1.1 times higher than the standard. Also, for formaldehyde and sulfuric acid, it was measured higher in the control group than in the case group. This findings could be used in policies to improve indoor air quality in the fire station of the Seoul Metropolitan Government.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.61-73
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• 2017

Purposes : The purpose of this study is to identify factors that have effects on safety activities of hospital personnels by investigating causality between patient safety culture, job stress, safety system and safety activities of faculty and staff member who are working for oriental medicine hospital of university. Methodology : The subjects were 246 employees working in 4 oriental medicine hospitals of university in Daejeon and Chungcheongnam-do. The data were collected from January 16 to January 25, 2017 using a structured questionnaire. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, ANOVA and Duncan test with SPSS 22.0 were used. Findings : The activity score for patient safety of faculty and staff member, who were experienced at job training program after joining a company and regular training course for qualification or license, was meaningfully higher than that of group who had no job training experience. The result indicated that the higher there is level of safety culture and safety system and the lower there is work stress, the more the activity has positive effect on patient safety. The level score of awareness for safety culture of faculty and staff member in C hospital, which is facing financial crisis in business circumstances recently, showed average value of 3.29. It was significantly lower than that of the other three hospital. Also, The activity score for patient safety was markedly lower than that of the other three hospital. This result become interested in the process of linking non-financial performance and financial performance. The level score of safety activity in A hospital which obtained healthcare accreditation was remarkably higher than that of the other three hospital which didn't certify healthcare accreditation. Pratical Implications : Subjects about Q.I or patient's experience management must be included in curriculum of Oriental medicine. It is necessary to get the effect of job training program for faculty and staff member through the process of preparation for obtaining healthcare accreditation. When the hospital director is appointed, it must be considered that he/she has the ability to attach importance to analysis and management of the factors creating safety accident, and has business mindset for healthcare delivery of customer- centricity. This research showed that financial performance of hospital, which of business environment is favorable; located in metropolitan city and having large scale of hospital and quality of residence rating but low-level of safety culture and safety activity, was lower than that of general hospital situated in small and medium-sized cities. More research needs to be done for answering this result.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 2017

In Korea, previous certification of water supply infrastructure was mainly focused on economical and physical aspects. Recently, hygienic safety of water supply service has become a sensitive and important issue to our people for evaluating the water quality with growth of economy and education system. According on water quality in 497 Korean water supply facilities, pH values in the supplied water have ranged between 5.8-8.5. However, little is known about metal leachability at the pH conditions observed in the real water supply systems because a fixed pH condition (pH 7.0) has been used in the current standard method, 'Hygienic Safety Testing Method', in water supply. In this work, we examined the effects on heavy metal leachability with pH differences in the water supply pipes which are typically used in Korea. As a result, the amounts of metal leachability were tended to increase when pH levels were decreased. Especially at pH 5.8, Cu leachability from Cu pipes was found to exceed the public health standard level even after applying a normalization factor (NF) given by the current Korea standard method. The Cr and Cu leached from stainless steel pipes, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn from Cu-based pipe fittings, and Zn from Zn-based pipe fittings were exceeded the Korean hygienic safety standards while, after applying the NF, concentrations of the leached metals were satisfied with the current Korean standard. The findings from this work provide implications on the needs of reforming the current hygienic safety standard methodology.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.161-194
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that interrupt the use of social security of elderly North Korean refugees. As a result of qualitative content analysis using interview data, it is found that the elderly North Korean defectors have a lower access to the social security system. The main reason for hindering the use of social security system is low awareness due to limited information channels, psychological distance to South Korean society and residents. Moreover, this psychological distance is a factor that reduces the geographical accessibility of elderly North Korean defectors by preferring to use services in specific institutions for North Korean, while South Korean elderly people can use the service elsewhere. In addition, there are many cases in which the elderly in North Korean defectors do not receive sufficient social security due to low income. On the other hand, social security systems with high accessibility of older North Korean refugees are characterized by the fact that they are provided by experts who have formed sufficient rapport with North Korean refugees. Therefore, it seems possible to improve the accessibility of elderly defectors' friendly system by professional workers with cultural competence. In addition, a multidimensional approach is needed to fully cope with the complex desires of elderly North Korean defectors and a mechanism should be set up to reflect their opinion in system operation.