• 성인간호학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.53-69
• /
• 2001

As a nursing practice involves nurses'actions in a specific context of health care, this study has focused on exploring the espoused theories in nursing practice within the action science perspectives. Espoused theories are the belief, principles, and rationale expressed by the practitioner as guiding her/his actions in a situation of practice. The data were analysed qualitatively and 25 elements of espoused theories of nursing action were identified and clustered into 6 categories. The 25 elements of espoused theories are as follows: The clinical nurse worked in wholistic and individual nursing, focussed on the patient's needed, comfort and supportive nursing (5 theories of nursing goal); excellent skills, knowledge based, assessment and data collection, explaining, educating or a scientific basis(6 theories of nursing intervention): advocacy, value oriented, treatment, accountability and commitment(4 theories of nursing ethics); human respect, partnership, trust(3 theories of patient-nurse relationship) : knowledgable, accumulated clinical experiences and personally lived experiences, positive perspectives(4 theories of nurse), role of intervention, rewarding, peer relationship(3 theories of situations). The above mentioned espoused theories are similar to that of nursing textbooks which students learned through basic nursing education and almost the same as the Acts ofa Nurse in Korean. However, we are doubtful whether nurses actually do as they think. Therefore, it is recommended to review the theories-in-use in order to find any discrepancies between the espoused theories and the reality of nursing actions.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.454-464
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to identify the correlation between the intention of pregnancy and the child rearing attitudes of mothers with infants. The data was collected from 138 mothers by means of an interview and questionnaire in a period from April 1 to April 30, 1997, when they came to have their infants vaccinated at one hospital and one health care center. The collected data was analyzed by means of the SPSS Program using percentage, means and standard deviation in each area and the ANOVA and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The results of this study were as follows : 1. It showed that the mother's degree of intention of pregnancy was 3.90(±1.49) among the possible score of 0∼5 and the score of child rearing attitudes was 70.1 among the possible score of 20∼100. The mom score of the items was 3.50(±.36) among the possible score of 0∼5. 2. There was a significant relation between the intention of pregnancy and child rearing attitudes. It was mildly positive but was significant (r=.21, p＜0.05). 3. There was a significant relation between the period from marriage to the time of pregnancy and the intention or pregnancy(F=.57, p<0.05). Also, it was found out that the group of mothers who became pregnant later than 12 months after marriage wanted after pregnancy more than the group of women who were pregnant within 12 months after marriage(F=11.30, p<0.01). 4. There was a significant relation between the period from marriage to the time of pregnancy and child rearing attitudes(F=4.14, p<0.05), It showed that the child rearing attitudes of the group of women who became pregnant later than 12 months after marriage was positive(F=11.42, p<0.01). Also, in case that the both the husband and wife decided on the pregnancy, the child rearing attitudes were more positive (F=7.15, p< 0.05). In conclusion, when the intention of pregnancy was stronger, the subjects' child rearing attitudes were more positive. Also when both the husband and wife decided on the pregnancy, the attitudes were more positive. So it seems that both husband and wife should discuss and agree upon pregnancy, having a sufficient period during which both the spouses prepare for the intention of pregnancy. Additionally, it is suggested that when the husband and wife are doing family planning, it would be beneficial to use a program of 'Woman's Intention on Pregnancy' during this process.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.45-52
• /
• 2020

목적: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB)에 의한 인공호흡기연관 폐렴(ventilator-associated pneumonia, VAP)의 치료에 있어 고용량 ampicillin-sulbactam과 colistin의 병합요법 치료효과를 살펴보기 위한 예비 연구이다. 방법: 2017년도 6월부터 2018년도 8월까지 17명의 CRAB VAP 환자를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 10명(58.8%)의 환자는 고용량 ampicillin-sulbactam과 colistin 병합요법(병합치료군)으로 치료받았으며, 나머지 7명은 colistin 단독치료를 하였거나 colistin을 포함 또는 미포함하는 다양한 항균제의 병합치료(기타치료군)를 하였다. 본 연구는 두 그룹간의 임상 및 세균학적 결과를 비교하였다. 결과: 병합치료군에서 항균제 사용 후 발열기간은 1.30±1.70일이었고, 기타치료군에서는 1.71±1.49일이었다. 기관내관 흡인물 검체에서 균이 음전 될 때까지의 평균 기간은 병합치료군에서 3.40±1.71일 기타치료군에서 11.80±8.86일이었다(P=0.030). 항균제 치료 30일 이내 사망률은 병합치료균에서 1/10 (10%)이고 기타치료군에서 3/7 (42.9%)이었다. 결론: 소아의 CRAB에 의한 인공호흡기연관 폐렴 환자에서 고용량 ampicillin-sulbactam과 colistin의 병합요법이 임상적 예후를 개선시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 서비스연구
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.85-96
• /
• 2020

고령화가 급속도로 진행중인 아시아 지역에서는 장례 서비스 산업이 발달하며 시장 규모가 커지면서 장례서비스의 경제적 가치와 관심이 증가하고 있다. 하지만 우리나라의 장례서비스는 상조회사를 중심으로 죽음 직후의 장례식 중심의 편향적인 방향으로 전개되고 있다. 미국, 영국, 일본 등의 선진 장례서비스 사례들을 비교해 볼 때 장례식만이 아닌, 사람을 중심으로 고인의 가족과 주변의 지인들을 케어해주는 서비스가 발전하고 있기에 우리나라도 이와 같은 연구가 본격적으로 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 서비스사이언스적 관점에서 서비스의 주체인 상주(유가족)과 조문객을 중심으로 하여 장례서비스의 미래방향성을 질적 데이터중심으로 연구하였다. 사람을 중심으로 하는 장례서비스 분석에 필요한 데이터들은 일반적으로 빅데이터들의 수집, 가공, 해석의 과정에서 유의미한 결과를 도출하기 어렵고, 이러한 경우에 데이터 분석 방식은 에스노그라피(ethnography)와 사용자경험(User eXperience)에 기반한 방식을 활용하는 것이 적합하다. 이를 위하여 실제 상주와 조문객의 에스노그라피와 사용자경험 데이터를 수집 및 분석하는 방식을 활용하여 향후 10년 후의 구체적인 상주와 조문객의 모습을 페르소나(persona) 방식으로 도출하고, 상주와 조문객 중심의 장례서비스의 미래 방향성을 제시하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제55권8호
• /
• pp.286-292
• /
• 2012

Purpose: Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is becoming the treatment of choice for supporting critically ill pediatric patients. However, a few studies present have reported CRRT use and outcome in neonates weighing less than 3 kg. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical application, outcome, and complications of CRRT in small neonates. Methods: A retrospective review was performed in 8 neonatal patients who underwent at least 24 hours of pumped venovenous CRRT at the Samsung Medical Center in Seoul, Korea, between March 2007 and July 2010. Data, including demographic characteristics, diagnosis, vital signs, medications, laboratory, and CRRT parameters were recorded. Results: The data of 8 patients were analyzed. At the initiation of CRRT, the median age was 5 days (corrected age, $38^{+2}$ weeks to 23 days), and the median body weight was 2.73 kg (range, 2.60 to 2.98 kg). Sixty-two patient-days of therapy were reviewed; the median time for CRRT in each patient was 7.8 days (range, 1 to 37 days). Adverse events included electrolyte disturbances, catheter-related complications, and CRRT-related hypotension. The mean circuit functional survival was $13.9{\pm}8.6$ hours. Overall, 4 patients (50%) survived; the other 4 patients, who developed multiorgan dysfunction syndrome, died. Conclusion: The complications of CRRT in newborns are relatively high. However, the results of this study suggest that venovenous CRRT is feasible and effective in neonates weighing less than 3 kg under elaborate supportive care. Furthermore, for using potential benefit of CRRT in neonates, efforts are required for prolonging filter survival.

• 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2018

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 노인의 지역사회 이동성을 측정하는 평가도구인 한국어판 생활공간 평가(Korean Version of the Life Space Assessment; K-LSA)의 임상적 유용성 및 사용성을 검증하는 것이다. 연구방법 : 작업치료사와 물리치료사 60명을 대상으로 K-LSA의 임상적 유용성 및 사용성 검증에 관한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문지는 임상적 유용성에 관한 객관식 문항 및 사용성에 관한 객관식과 주관식 문항을 포함하였다. 객관식 자료 분석은 빈도 분석 및 기술 통계로 처리하였고, 사용성에 대한 주관식 문항은 항목별로 공통적인 요소를 모아 분류하여 분석하였다. 결과 : K-LSA의 임상적 유용성에 긍정적 표현인 '보통(3점)'과 '그렇다(4점)'와 '매우 그렇다'로 응답한 비율이 95~100%이었고, 문항 별 점수 분포가 3.6~4.0점으로 나타났다. 또한 K-LSA의 사용성에 대한 질문에 긍정적 표현인 '보통'과 '쉽다'와 '매우 쉽다'로만 응답한 비율은 88.3~100%이었고, 문항 별 점수 분포가 3.6~4.0점으로 나타났다. 추가적으로 사용성에 대한 개방형 질문에서 생활공간 범위 3과 4에서 기준의 모호함이 언급되었다. 결론 : K-LSA는 국내 보건의료 분야에서 지역사회 이동성을 측정하는 평가도구로 임상적으로 유용하며, 사용이 용이한 도구이다. 따라서 치료사들이 노인의 사회 참여를 증진시키고, 지역사회 이동을 위한 중재 목표를 세우고, 교육하는데 기초자료로 LSA를 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 센서학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.69-77
• /
• 2005

The electronic nose (e-nose) has been used in food industry and quality controls in plastic packaging. Recently it finds its applications in medical diagnosis, specifically on detection of diabetes, pulmonary or gastrointestinal problem, or infections by examining odors in the breath or tissues with its odor characterizing ability. Moreover, the use of portable e-nose enables the on-site measurements and analysis of vapors without extra gas-sampling units. This is expected to widen the application of the e-nose in various fields including point-of-care-test or e-health. In this study, a PDA-based portable e-nose was developed using micro-machined gas sensor array and miniaturized electronic interfaces. The rich capacities of the PDA in its computing power and various interfaces are expected to provide the rapid and application specific development of the diagnostic devices, and easy connection to other facilities through information technology (IT) infra. For performance verification of the developed portable e-nose system, Six different vapors were measured using the system. Seven different carbon-black polymer composites were used for the sensor array. The results showed the reproducibility of the measured data and the distinguishable patterns between the vapor species. Additionally, the application of two typical pattern recognition algorithms verified the possibility of the automatic vapor recognition from the portable measurements. These validated the portable e-nose based on PDA developed in this study.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.204-211
• /
• 2016

본 실험에서는 유산균발효 독활의 마우스 단회 경구 투여 독성 자료를 얻기 위해 식품의약품안전청 고시 제 2013-121 “의약품 등의 독성시험 기준”에 의거하여, 설치류 투여 한계 용량인 2,000 mg/kg을 최고 투여군을 설정하고 공비 2로 1,000 및 500 mg/kg 투여군을 중간 및 저용량 투여군으로 설정하여 실험을 실시하였으며, 그 결과는 독활 열수 추출물 2,000 mg/kg 암수 투여군 및 암수 매체 대조군과 비교 평가 하였다. 본 실험의 결과, 설치류 투여한계 용량인 2,000 mg/kg 투여군까지, 유산균발효 독활 열수 추출물 투여와 관련된 사망례, 임상증상, 체중, 장기중량, 육안부검 및 조직병리학적 소견이 인정되지 않았다. 따라서 유산균발효 독활 열수 추출물의 마우스에 대한 단회 경구 투여 반수 치사량 및 개략적 치사량은 암수 각각 2,000 mg/kg이상으로 산출되었으며, 특정 임상증상 및 표적 장기 역시 없는 것으로 판단되어, 유산균발효 독활은 매우 안전한 물질로 판단된다. 또한 독활 열수 추출물 2,000 mg/kg 투여와 관련된 사망례, 임상 증상, 체중, 장기중량, 육안 및 조직병리학적 변화 역시 인정되지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 독활의 활용도를 증대시키는 기초 자료가 될 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.184-191
• /
• 2006

This study investigated parents' attitude about children's unbalanced diet. The subjects were 1,309 parents that their children attended at kindergarten or child care center in Kyoung-Ki province. The order of dislikes in 'vegetables and fruits' was as follows: all kinds of vegetables (56.6%), beans (17.6%), fruits (5.2%). In 'meat, fish, poultry', the order of dislikes was meats (38.2%), fishes (21.8%), milk (16.4%), eggs (10.0%). In 'cerelas', the order of dislikes was rice (31.0%), rice cakes (14.3%), noodles (11.9%). The several rationalizations for dislikes are 'taste' (19.1 %), 'food habit from younger age' (18.4%), 'lack of chances for trying new food' (16.0%) etc. To compared children's rationalizations for dislikes to their age group, the percentage of 'lack of chances for trying new food', 'strange food shape', 'lack of nutrition education' was significantly higher in 'below 5 years old' (<5) group than other groups (<6, <7) and 'sweety food' was significantly higher in 'below 7 years old' (<7) group than other groups (<6, <7)(p <0.05). In parents' attitude about children's unbalanced dietary habit, subjects answered that they try to make children understand to eat dislike food (73.9%), develop new recipe for children (14.0%), neglect children's food habit (6.2%). To compared parents' attitude for children's unbalanced diet by parents age, the percentage of 'try to make children understand to eat dislike food' was significantly higher in 'below 30 years old' (<30) group than other groups ($30{\sim}35,\;35{\sim}39,\;{\geq}40$) and 'developing new recipe' was significantly higher in 'over 40 years old' (${\geq}40$) group than other groups ($<30,\;30{\sim}35,\;35{\sim}39$)(p < 0.05). To compared parents' attitude for children's unbalanced diet by parents' occupation, the percentage of 'neglecting' was higher in employed group and 'developing new recipe' was higher in unemployed group than the other group. According to the results of the survey, it is necessary to make new educational materials for employed parents and young children and develop new recipes to use various kind of foods instead of forcing unpleasant foods on the children for the sake of unbalanced diet.

• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.77-90
• /
• 2009

Civil complaints and lawsuits filed in the process of providing emergency medical service include fall accident on the way of carrying the patient, transfer consent, refusal and rejection of rescue request, range and behavior restriction of emergency medical technicians, false registry of logbook, neglect of duty and emergency patient, and violation of traffic laws on the way of dispatch to the scene of accident. This study suggested the measures by cases as follows. 1. The accidents on the way of carrying a patient could be divided into fall of patient and fall by paramedic's mistake. In the former case, damages caused by the ambulance's shaking must be notified to the patient and guardian and recommended to fasten seat belt, in the latter case, the plan of patient's posture, route of transport, rescue and equipments should be comfirmed before fixing the patient. 2. Transfer consent must be made as implied when the patient is unconscious under delusion and was not able to consent physically, and paramedic must take an action by his judgment and record details of services on logbook. 3. When a patient refused to transfer, get 'confirmation of transfer refusal' and inform him of refusal. Paramedic should receive the signature. In addition, in case of refusal, transfer request should be made after hearing doctor's opinion and it should be notified to transfer request and superintendent of fire station after making 'confirmation of transfer refusal'. 4. Emergency medical technicians should perform their duties within the range of services prescribed by Article 41 of Law of Emergency Medical Service and Article 33 of Its Enforcement Regulations and shall not make announcement of death. In case of reporting the death to guardian, it is desirable to use record data like ECG results. 5. The best way to have protection from legal problems is making and keeping the exact records of accident and patient. Paramedic should not mention his subjective opinion about the accident-related matter. He must record correctly and keep the original medical records. 6. As emergency medical technicians are responsible for taking care of emergency patients, they must contact a briefing room when they meet a difficult situation suddenly due to vehicle stop or treatment of other patients and then must have support from neighboring hospital and other safety centers. 7. Since the ambulance operator is responsible for safety and careful driving of ambulance, he must be careful when he violates traffic regulations unavoidably. The operator should drive slowly below 10km/h at an intersection and pass it after getting way from general vehicles driving from all directions.