• Neonatal Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.409-411
• /
• 2011

In Korea, pulmonary surfactant (PS) replacement therapy in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was started in 1991 since when Surfacten$^{(R)}$ was imported from Japan. At the present time, Surfacten$^{(R)}$, Newfactan$^{(R)}$, Curosurf$^{(R)}$, and Infasurf$^{(R)}$ are available in Korea. The governmental health insurance covers the expense for multiple dose treatment since 2002 and the early prophylactic treatment (BW: <1,250 g or GP: <30 wks) since 2011. We undertook a multi-institutional collective study to evaluate the outcomes of PS over past 20 years in Korea (Period-I; 1990/91, P-II; 1996, P-III; 2002, and P-IV; 2007, P-V; 2010). There were 60 RDS neonates with PS treatment in P-I (16 hospitals), 1,179 in P-II (64), 1,595 in P-III (62), 1,921 in P-IV (57), and 3,160 in P-V (72). Decreased mortality rate, defined as the percentage of neonates who died within 28 days of birth, was seen between periods, P-V vs P-I, II, III, and IV (mortality rate: 10.1% vs. 40.0%, 30.0%, 18.7%, and 14.3%). We conclude that PS therapy contributed to improve remarkable outcome in RDS neonates over the last 20 years in Korea. However, more efforts should be made to optimize PS therapy for better outcome. Multiple PS doses for relapse and poor response, early prophylactic use, and better supportive care for pre-term infants are mandatory.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.137-149
• /
• 2020

Objectives: This study explored the community food environmental factors affecting food purchasing using a qualitative research methodology for the elderly as well as the various food environments under their socioeconomic diversity. Methods: For the qualitative data collection, this study interviewed 20 elderly people aged 65 years or more, who participated in a public health program or lunch services operated by the senior welfare center in Seoul. Five dimensions, such as availability, physical accessibility, affordability, acceptability, and accommodation suggested in previous studies, were used to identify the community food environmental factors. Results: The elderly participants showed overall similarities to the concepts derived from existing studies on the five dimensions of food accessibility environment. In addition, other important food accessibility environmental factors that were not present in previous studies, such as acceptability for a product of domestic origin, delivery service to home, and small-packaged food sales, were derived. On the other hand, the concept of some subjects differed depending on the household income and specifically for the physical accessibility concept. This showed that the close distance factor from a grocery store at home might not apply to older adults in low-income households in Korea. Conclusions: This study found that five dimensions of the food environment suggested by previous studies could also be applied to vulnerable older adults in Korea. On the other hand, the socioeconomic characteristics of individuals and households would affect the perspectives of their local food environments differently. The findings of this study could help in the development of tools for evaluating the community food environment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.17 no.7
• /
• pp.124-132
• /
• 2017

This study is a descriptive study comparing the nursing work environment, job stress and turnover intention of pediatric ward nurses and general ward nurses. The subjects of this study were 174 nurses with more than one year of experience working in small hospitals, general hospitals and university hospitals with more than 200 beds in G-city. Data collection was conducted from August 2016 using structured questionnaires to measure nursing work environment, job stress and turnover intentions. Results: There were no significant differences in nursing work environment between pediatric ward nurses and general ward nurses, and there were significant differences in job stress. Especially, the more nursing work environment of pediatric ward nurses was, the higher the job stress, the higher the turnover intention. In other words, pediatric ward nurses are more likely to have higher job stress than regular ward nurses because they are stressed not only from the health problems of the child but also from the family members. Therefore, communication and self-achievement that can reduce the job stress of the pediatric ward nurse and a variety of measures are needed.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.343-347
• /
• 2016

Keratinophilic fungus (KPF), a type of dermatophytes, is usually present as normal flora on the skin of humans and animals but can produce ring worm-like dermatophytosis by invading the skin in infected individuals. They are distributed worldwide, but their occurrences vary distinctively in accordance with the geographical location and environmental change. Because these fungi grow by degrading keratin, they are abundantly found on the skin, hair, and nails, which are rich in keratin. To investigate the presence of keratinophilic fungi in the soil, we selected a popular beach in South Korea, Haeundae Beach, where numerous people gather each year during the summer holidays. Hundred soil samples were analyzed using the hair-baiting technique, among which, a total of 23 colonies of KPF were identified from 21 soil samples. The identified KPF were Microsporum gypseum (43%), Chrysosporium spp. (35%), Trichophyton ajelloi (13%), and Microsporum cookie (9%). This study confirmed that pathogenic fungi can be found in places crowded by many people. Further research and continuous data collection are needed to confirm the distribution of pathogenic KPF.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.77-87
• /
• 2000

This study tried to suggest the basic materials that can be efficiently applied in clinical cases by understanding problems through a content analysis of an adult nursing assessment tool and opinion agreement about nurse's practical usage presently used in the hospital. The study was carried out in 36 attached hospitals in nationwide universities from May to December, 1999, the two hundred and twenty five reports were for analysis. The contents of the collected nursing assessment tool were analyzed. It was found that the tool had been used with various names and content and there were instances of partial omission of a number of items, such as documentation and time records. Other results revealed that they mostly had a systematic classification of items, formation of details a form of a check list, and the effect of saving time. In spite of the adult nursing assessment tool, it was suggested that its style be subdivided according to the specialized of a department and that standardized style be amended and supplemented. The respondents also answered that there had to be education about continuous and sufficient health assessment skills on the physical examination record. The most frequently suggested items to be added were: past history, marital status, patient and caregiver's address and telephone number. It was found that a patient's education career, economic status, religion, hygienic practice, sexual life and hobby were the most frequently omitted items on record. The reason given wes because the items were associated with his/her privacy. These results highlight the importance of analyzing the content with an complete data collection, supplying basic content for a more accurate nursing record, computerization, sharing information and standardization of the form.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.20 no.9
• /
• pp.494-502
• /
• 2020

This study is a phenomenological study conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the positive psychological capital experience of the elderly women who participated in the long-term movement. In Korea, women are eight years older on average than men, and two-thirds of the elderly in need are women, so research on the issue of women and senior citizens is urgent. The research participants include seven female senior citizens from the Seoul-based sports center. The data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews once for 90 to 180 minutes and twice per participant from March to May 2020, and was analyzed using the phenomenological research method of Colaizzi. The analysis results showed that regular life, relationship and interest life, changing life, and satisfying life were factors that acquired and developed positive psychological capital for elderly women, which were possible only if they maintained their health, regularity and relationship. The experience of participants who achieved successful aging by acquiring positive psychological capital through exercise is suggested as a solution to aging social problems, and furthermore, it is expected to serve as a healthy guide for successful aging for young and old people ahead of their old age.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.13-27
• /
• 2000

1. Purpose: This study was intended to consider through a bibliographical comparison between the system of Kabo-Bon ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$ and that of Shinehook-Pan ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$. 2. Method: This study was based on the ${\ulcorner}$Hamsansachon Dongyi Soose Bowon old Kabo-Bon${\lrcorner}$, which was compared with a bibliographical data from Shinchook-Pan ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$ and the collection of manuscripts left unpublished in Lee Je-ma's lifetime. 3. Result & Conclusion: Exterior-Interior Pathological system was found in the system of Kabo-Bon ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$, and it might be referred to that of Jang Joong-kyung's ${\ulcorner}$Shanghan Ron${\lrcorner}$. There were no 'the Discourse on the Origin of oriental Medicine' and 'the Discourse on the General Health Maintenance' in the Kabo-Bon ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$. And it was supposed to be many changes of contents on 'the Discourse on Nature and Order', 'the Discourse on the Four Principles', 'the Discourse on the Establishment and Supplement' and 'the Discourse on Viscera and Bowels' in the Shinchook-Pan ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$ compared with those in the Kabo-Bon ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.108-114
• /
• 2015

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect on vital capacity (VC) and inspiratory muscle activation according to the anterior and posterior pelvic tilt positions. Design: One group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Twenty-six healthy adult men and women, age 19 to 27 years, volunteered to participate in this study. Forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$) were measured by desktop spirometer in the pelvic positions during respiration, and muscle activation was recorded from sternocleidomastoid, upper trapezius, external intercostal, rectus abdominis, and external oblique muscles by surface electromyography (EMG) at the same time. EMG values were normalized by maximum muscle contractions (% maximum voluntary isometric contraction). Subjects were to breathe in as much air as possible and then exhale as quickly as possible in both anterior and posterior pelvic tilt positions. To measure lung capacity, inspiration was measured for 5 seconds and expiration was measured for 7 seconds with data collection taken place during the middle three seconds. Lung capacities were measured in each position three times. Results: For the results of this study, there was a significant increase in both FVC and $FEV_1$ values during the anterior pelvic tilting compared to the posterior pelvic tilting posture (p<0.05). The sternocleidomastoid, upper trapezius muscle, rectus abdominus and external oblique muscle activation was significantly increased during anterior pelvic tilt compared to the posterior pelvic tilt position (p<0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that pelvic anterior tilt position could be more effective for vital capacity and respiratory muscles activation during respiration.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.46-56
• /
• 2016

Purpose: Purpose of this study was to identify major trends of action research from 2006 to 2013 and suggest directions for activating and advancing domestic action research in nursing. Methods: A review was made of 118 action research studies in hospital settings reported in international journals. Search from PubMed, Ovid, and CINHAL was done using analysis criteria developed by the researchers. General and methodological characteristics and focus on changing outcomes of action research were analyzed. Results: The major group of researchers belonged to colleges/universities (40.7%). Methods included use of qualitative methods (61.0%), research questions (24.6%), and use of theoretical models (35.6%). Prevalent data collection methods were interviews (20.2%), and 48.3% showed more than a 1-cycle process including spiral circulation structure. Focus of changing outcomes of the 56 papers including more than 1-cycle were practice (66.1%), environment (8.9%), client-nurse (7.1%). Conclusion: Trends in action research in nursing were identified providing necessary reasons to increase action research in nursing as follows: needs of various researchers including stakeholders as well as healthcare providers, various research designs including unconstrained reflection and writing, specific presentation of adapted theoretical models and action strategies, and quality assurance for validity and reliability of research processes and outcomes.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.145-150
• /
• 2015

Objective: Pain is very common in the elderly, so there is a high prevalence of analgesic use among this population. The purpose of this study was to assess patterns of analgesic use and evaluate factors associated with analgesic use in elderly patients. Method: The subjects of this study were patients over 65 years old hospitalized in a teaching hospital located in Chuncheon-si, Korea between January 1, 2014 and March 31, 2014. Data collection regarding analgesic prescriptions and baseline characteristics was conducted using computerized hospital database by medical information team. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors related to analgesic use. Results: A total of 2,394 patients were finally included. Among these patients, 700 (29.2%) took analgesics; 521 (74.4%) out of these 700 patients were received opioid analgesics and 179 (25.6%) were received only non-opioid analgesics. The most frequently prescribed opioid analgesic was pethidine (45.7%), and the most frequently prescribed non-opioid analgesic was acetaminophen (44.1%). Fracture was associated with increased odds of opioid analgesic prescriptions (OR = 2.766, 95% CI = 2.019-3.790, p < 0.001) and any analgesic prescriptions (OR = 2.394, 95% CI = 1.766-3.244, p < 0.001). Stroke or cerebral infarction was associated with decreased odds of opioid analgesic prescriptions (OR = 0.636, 95% CI = 0.471-0.858, p = 0.003). Conclusion: A significant proportion of hospitalized elderly patients use analgesics. Health care professionals should consider factors associated with analgesic use in this population to improve pain management.