• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2002

Background and Objectives : Sulfur dioxide gas is one of the major airborne Pollutants noxious to human in industrialized countries. The most vulnerable areas in the human respiratory system were the trachea and main bronchi and a gradient of decreasing damage was observed in the peripheral tracheobronchial tree. Induced functional alteration was increased mucosal permeability, and morphological changes were epithelial sloughing, intracellular edema, mitochondrial swelling, widened intercellular spaces, and ciliary cytoplamic extrusions. The laminins are a family of extracellular matrix glycoproteins localized in the basement membrane. Their primary role is cell-matrix attachment, but many additional biologic activities, including Promoting cell growth and migration, tumor growth and metastasis, wound repair, and graft survival, have been demonstrated. Materials and Methods : Histologic changes and expression of laminin in tracheal mucosa sacrificed at 1 day, 2 day, 3 day, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks after continued SO2 exposure of 250 ppm for 30 minutes a day(to 7week) were studied in rats. In this study, mild immune reaction for laminin was noted at the apical cytoplasm of epithelial cells and basement membrane one day after a 7 week $SO_2$ exposure. The cilia and nucleoi of epithelial cells were normal and no immune reaction was noted in Goblet cells. The lamina propria of the tracheal tissue was infiltrated by monocytes and lymphocytes. Results : At 24 hours after exposure, all tracheal cells except Goblet cells revealed a mild immune reaction for laminin. No immune reactions were noted in the basement membrane. At 72 hours after exposure, mild or moderate immune reactions for laminin was seen in the tracheal cell cytoplasm. Irregular faint immune reaction for laminin was noted in the basement membrane. At 1 week after exposure, strong immune reaction for laminin was detected over all tracheal cells, and the basement membrane was seen clearly. At 2~3 weeks after exposure, strong immune reaction for laminin was seen in all tracheal epithelial cells except Goblet cells and a mild immune reaction was partly revealed in the basement membrane. Conclusion : Our study suggests that 502 produces histologic damage on the tracheal mucosa. Longer duration after exposure of $SO_2$ makes more progressive healing on the tracheal mucosa and increased immunoreactivity for laminin.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.219-226
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• 2011

The Echinacea, which has been commonly known as a species of composite herb of dicotyledonous plant, has been used in native American traditional medicine for the treatment of diseases like colds or other infections in North America. We artificially cultured the adventitious roots of Echinacea angustifolia using the bioreactor culture system from Echinacea angustifolia and evaluated the efficacy as a cosmetic ingredient for skin care. Several studies previously have reported neogenesis, wound healing and inflammatory inhibition effect of Echinacea angustifolia but other efficacies were not well known. In the present study, we investigated the cosmetic efficacy to know applicable value of adventitious roots cultured from Echinacea angustifolia as a cosmetic ingredient. The adventitious roots extract of Echinacea angustifolia has superior anti-oxidant effect and matrix metalloproteinase-2 inhibitory effect, compared to natural Echinacea angustifolia. These results indicate that the adventitious roots extract cultured from Echinacea angustifolia presents a new possibility of being applicable to skin care and anti-wrinkle products as a cosmetic ingredient.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.300-318
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• 2003

Statement of problem: The success of implants depends on intimate and direct contact of implant material on bone tissue and on functional relationship with soft tissue contact. Creation and maintenance of osseointegration depend on the understanding of the tissue's healing, repairing, and remodeling capacity and these capacities rely on cellular behavior. Altering the surface properties can modify cellular responses such as cell adhesion, cell motility, bone deposition, Therefore, various implant surface treatment methods are being developed for the improved bone cell responses. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the responses of osteoblast-like cells to surface-modified titanium. Materials and Methods: The experiment was composed of four groups. Group 1 represented the electropolished surface. Group 2 surfaces were machined surface. Group 3 and Group 4 were anodized surfaces. Group 3 had low roughness and Group 4 had high roughness. Physicochemical properties and microstructures of the discs were examined and the responses of osteoblast-like cells to the discs were investigated. The microtopography was observed by SEM. The roughness was measured by three-dimension roughness measuring system. The microstructure was analyzed by XRD, AES. To evaluate cell responses to modified titanium surfaces, osteoblasts isolated from calvaria of neonatal rat were cultured. Cell count, morphology, total protein measurement and alkaline phosphatase activities of the cultures were examined. Results and Conclusion: The results were as follows 1. The four groups showed specific microtopography respectively. Anodized group showed grain structure with micropores. 2. Surface roughness values were, from the lowest to the highest, electropolished group, machined group, low roughness anodized group, and high roughness anodized group. 3. Highly roughened anodized group was found to have increased surface oxide thickness and surface crystallinity. 4. The morphology of cells, flattened or spherical, were different from each other. In the electropolished group and machined group, the cells were almost flattened. In two anodized groups, some cells were spherical and other cells were flattened. And the 14 day culture cells of all of the groups were nearly flattened due to confluency. 5. The number of attached cells was highest in low roughness anodized group. And the machined group had significantly lower cell count than any other groups(P<.05). 6. Total protein contents showed no difference among groups. 7. The level of alkaline phosphatase activities was higher in the anodized groups than electropolished and machined groups(P<.05).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.1600-1607
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• 2012

The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family plays essential roles in physiological processes such as embryonic development, angiogenesis, wound healing, and tissue homeostasis as a consequence of MMPr capacity for breaking down many types of extracellular matrix proteins. Imbalanced regulation of MMP expression can also lead to pathological conditions such as tumor progression. We recently reported that the Drosophila Mmp1 gene is highly expressed in the digestive tract and is required for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis such as by restriction of uncontrolled intestinal stem cell proliferation. However, the regulatory mechanisms of MMP gene expression in the intestine remain unclear. In this study, we determined that the expression of Mmp1 is regulated by the homeodomain transcription factor Caudal. Experiments using the targeted expression of Caudal under the regulation of Gal4-UAS system indicated that endogenous Caudal is required for the Mmp1 gene expression in the adult Drosophila intestine and that exogenous Caudal induces Mmp1 expression. Transient transfection experiments indicated that Caudal can activate the promoter activity of Mmp1 and that several putative Caudal binding sites in the 5'-flanking region of the Mmp1 gene may be critical to the upregulation by Caudal. Our data suggest that Mmp1 is one of the target genes of Caudal in physiological normal condition and in tumorigenesis.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.676-687
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• 2021

The main purpose of this study is to study the effect of a program to improve self-esteem and positive thinking in middle-aged women using Buddha Ball meditation. In order to achieve this research purpose, the subject of this study was middle-aged female Buddhists at Temple H in Busan who were interested in 'Buddha Ball'. For the analysis method, empirical analysis was performed using the One Group Pretest-Posttest Design of this study. The main research results are as follows. First, as a result of examining the effect of Buddha Ball meditation on the quality of life, it could be seen that the overall quality of life had a significant positive (+) effect on the experimental group. Second, as a result of examining the effect of Buddha Ball meditation on self-esteem, it could be seen that self-esteem had a significant positive (+) effect on the experimental group. Third, as a result of examining the effect of Buddha Ball meditation on positive thinking, it could be seen that the entire positive thinking had a significant positive (+) effect on the experimental group. Based on these research results, the main conclusion was that the Buddha Ball, a healing meditation tool using the sound wave energy, had a positive effect on the self-esteem and quality of life of middle-aged women Buddhists. Accordingly, it is judged that the Buddha Ball meditation program has a positive use value for middle-aged women who are experiencing more complex psychological difficulties due to individual, family, and social environmental conditions. In addition, by preparing a system that can actively utilize the Buddha Ball meditation program educationally and politically, the implications of the justification and necessity of using it to improve the self-esteem, positive thinking and quality of life of middle-aged women were presented.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.151-159
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• 2019

Pruritus (itching) is classically defined as an unpleasant cutaneous sensation that leads to scratching behavior. Although the scientific criteria of classification for pruritic diseases are not clear, it can be divided as acute or chronic by duration of symptoms. In this study, we investigated whether skin injury caused by chemical (contact hypersensitivity, CHS) or physical (skin-scratching stimulation, SSS) stimuli causes initial pruritus and analyzed gene expression profiles systemically to determine how changes in skin gene expression in the affected area are related to itching. In both CHS and SSS, we ranked the Gene Ontology Biological Process terms that are generally associated with changes. The factors associated with upregulation were keratinization, inflammatory response and neutrophil chemotaxis. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway shows the difference of immune system, cell growth and death, signaling molecules and interactions, and signal transduction pathways. Il1a, Il1b and Il22 were upregulated in the CHS, and Tnf, Tnfrsf1b, Il1b, Il1r1 and Il6 were upregulated in the SSS. Trpc1 channel genes were observed in representative itching-related candidate genes. By comparing and analyzing RNA-sequencing data obtained from the skin tissue of each animal model in these characteristic stages, it is possible to find useful diagnostic markers for the treatment of itching, to diagnose itching causes and to apply customized treatment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.369-385
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• 2022

This thesis was a phenomenological study of an after-school picture book making program for middle school students. This study attempted to establish a theoretical system for picture book making activity by analyzing the process of self-discovery and healing through the picture book making activity. The participants were six middle school students, the picture book making activity program was organized into five stages, and in-depth interviews of the study participants and their interpretation of picture books were described. According to the research results, first, the making activity of picturebooks can construct one's own world through hyper-reality that is more excessive than the original. Second, it can be said that the fearful existence of a monster has developed awareness and insight to view its own problems from various angles through defamiliarization. These results might be that the making activity of picturebooks is a way of revealing one's existence to the world, and through this, the process of exploring and constructing the meaning of oneself and daily life. Discussion was made based on this about the creation of another world where the picturebook making activity is different from the original, the stimulating effect of the subconscious mind through the defamiliarization device, and the establishment of self-existence in picturebook creation.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.68-78
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• 2022

Background: Integrative medical research is needed to explore the development direction of new yoga therapy. Purposes: A systematic literature review is conducted to analyze the current status of clinical research on yoga therapy into scientific categories, and to explore the content and development direction of yoga therapy. Methods: Through electronic databases such as RISS, NDSL, DBpia, e-article, and KISS, 530 domestic academic papers were selected from 2010 to 2018 and the final 28 were extracted based on PRISMA guidelines. Results: As a result of the study, in terms of quality, it remained at 3b of the CEBM level of evidence, and in terms of quantity, the number of experimental groups in the entire clinical study was 288, so domestic clinical studies of yoga therapy are insufficient. It was found that 80% of yoga therapy was exercise therapy focusing on asana movements. This seems to be due to a lot of researchers in the field of physical education. Conclusions: These results indicate that understanding and practice of the Ashtanga-yoga's training system and Pancha-kosha theory from the perspective of integrative medicine are necessary. In other words, yoga therapy is required to develop into an integrated mind-body therapy program that integrates holistic healing yoga based on individual mental and physical constitution, meditation therapy based on Ayurveda, and exercise therapy.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.58-66
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• 2022

Biophilic design is an approach that attempts to connect people with nature to promote health, recovery and restoration processes. The purpose of this study was to systematically analyze restorative factors and characteristics of Soswaewon by applying a biophilic design analysis framework. To this end, a biophilic design classification system was established and content analysis and frequency analysis were conducted for 『Soswaewon 48 Young』. the ratio of plant words including bamboo, pine, and plum was the highest, and words related to dynamic water flow or interaction with water as well as various water types such as streams, waterfalls, and ponds were also high. appeared in rank. In addition, multisensory factors, seasonal changes, microclimatic factors, emotional elements that allow people to indirectly experience nature were expressed in various ways. The space layout and circulation provide opportunities to appreciate and experience the rich sensory resources of Soswaewon. In conclusion, this study confirmed the healing and restorative value of Soswaewon from the perspective of biophilic design, and it needs further research on the restorative factors of traditional spaces.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.121-136
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• 2022

Purpose : Marine therapy is an activity that promotes public health such as constitution improvement, immunity improvement, and anti-aging by utilizing marine therapeutic resources such as seawater, mud, seaweed, salt and sea climate. In Europe developed countries, the marine therapy industry has been developing for centuries, with France, Germany, and Israel leading the way. Currently, it has achieved great industrial achievements and is of great help in improving the human health. The purpose of this study is to investigate how marine therapeutic resources benefit to human health, as well as how to study and utilize their efficacy. We analyzed previous research articles related to the effects of marine therapeutic resources. Methods : The study included a total of 830 published literatures in the last 20 years from the Republic of Korea and other contries. PubMed and Google Scholar were utilized to collect the foreign source while the local scientific publications were accessed through the Korean Education and research Information Service (KERIS) and Korean studies Information Service System (KISS). The keywords used to search foreign literature were "marine therapy", "Thalassotherapy", "seawater", "deep seawater", "saline groundwater", "sand therapy", "mud therapy", "hydrotherapy", "seaweed", "Sun light", "sea salt", "marine animal", and "marine microorganisms" were combined, and for the domestic literature, the keywords were "marine therapy", "marine therapeutic resources", "seawater", and "sand". Results : A total of 830 research papers were found as a result of searching for domestic and international papers related to marine therapeutic resources. The collected documents were classified into 175 seawater resources, 259 marine mineral resources, 41 marine environment, and 355 marine organisms. The efficacy of each marine therapeutic resources was analyzed. By resources type, there were about 213 papers on the efficacy of seaweed, followed by about 175 papers on seawater, 142 on microorganisms, 124 on mud/peat, and sand, salt, minerals and others are appeared in order (Table 1). Conclusion : Korea has the highest marine biodiversity index, excellent tidal flats, four distinct seasons, and various sea environments of the East sea, Yellow sea, South sea and Jeju sea. For this reason, Korea has a much more diverse marine therapeutic resources than other advanced countries in the marine therapy industry. prebiously, we thought that the sea was only valuable as a shipping port and fishery industry. But now, it been shown that the ocean can become a new industrial field which can contribute to human health and well-being by providing healing and therapy to people through the gift of marine resources.