• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.19-24
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• 2021

Background/Objectives: The aim of this national population-based retrospective study was to analyze the status and treatment outcome in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer. Materials & Methods: Participants were included in the KNHIS national sample cohort who received a KNHIS health check-up in 2008 and 2009, and we followed these individuals until 2017. Patients were defined as having hypopharynx cancer if they had admissions records for hypopharynx cancer in their national health insurance data from 2010 to 2017. Results: The study cohort included 3,922 patients. According to our nationwide data, 3,533(90.1%) were male with a median age of 65.03±11.04 years at the time of diagnosis. Among parametric models for hypopharyngeal cancer prognosis, old age (Hazard ratio [HR]:1.92; 95% confidence interval[CI]:1.76-2.09), female (HR:0.77; 95% CI:0.66-0.89), and low socioeconomic status (HR:1.216; 95% CI:1.114-1.327) were significantly associated with survival. Compared with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, patients who received no treatment (HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.31-2.70), neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.04-1.41), and chemotherapy alone (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.03-1.27) showed poor prognosis in hypopharyngeal cancer. Conclusion: Our data indicated that age, sex, and income were significant predictors of lifetime survival in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer. Treatment modalities were also associated with prognosis. The data have implications for treatment investigations and prevention strategies.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.105-109
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• 2021

Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is the second most common thyroid cancer, following papillary carcinoma. Metastasis to the orbital rim from FTC is very rare. We recently experienced a case of FTC with metastasis to the orbital rim in a 74-year-old woman, who initially presented with a huge thyroid mass and an asymptomatic solitary orbital rim lesion. The solitary orbital rim lesion was suspected to be a separate disease entity such as lymphoma from the preoperative imaging, but bone metastasis from FTC was finally confirmed after orbital rim resection and total thyroidectomy. During follow-up, the patient presented multiple bone metastasis, so the solitary orbital rim lesion was considered a clinical sign of systemic metastasis from FTC. Therefore, we present this unique case with a review of the literature.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.2-7
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• 2014

Implants have been widely used in restorative treatment for patients who have undergone head and neck cancer surgery. With the development of combination treatment of head and neck cancer, radiotherapy has been a common means of therapy. However, it could induce various changes in hard and soft tissues and reduce the success and survival rate of the implants. Some research, using either animal models or clinical studies, have shown that certain strategies could be used for improving the survival rate of implants. In this review, we discussed the changes in both hard and soft tissues, which may reduce the survival rate of the implants, and the proposed methods for improving the survival rate of patients after radiotherapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.sup3
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• pp.1-4
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• 2016

The aim of this research was to describe the incidence and histopathological subtypes of head and neck lymphoma in Guilan province, Iran. In this retrospective study, all cases of head and neck cancers registered in Iranian Cancer Registry Program in Guilan province of Iran from 2004 to 2009 were obtained and included in the analysis. Out of 1,510 cases, 169 (11.2%) were reported as lymphomas (87 cases of non-Hodgkin, 67 cases of Hodgkin, and 13 cases of unknown type). The mean ages of males and females diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma were 30.4 and 28.7 years, respectively. For non-Hodgkin's lymphoma the respective figures were 50.5 and 49.3 years old. Among various histological subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the diffuse large B-cell type (74.2%) was the most frequent while immunoblastic lymphoma (1.1%) was the least frequent. Nodular sclerosis (58.2%) and mixed cellularity (18.0%) types were most frequent among Hodgkin's lymphomas.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.148-155
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare symptom severity and the impact of presence of depressive and/or anxiety symptoms among patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Methods: One hundred and fifteen patients diagnosed with HNC completed two questionnaires: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Head and Neck Cancer (MDASI-HN). Results: Of the total sample, 55.6% reported depressive symptoms and 33% reported anxiety symptoms. Patients who reported either depressive or anxiety symptoms also had significantly more severe symptoms. The most severe symptom was dry mouth. Participants who were depressed reported that interference in the enjoyment of life due to symptoms was the most distressing whereas participants with anxiety reported symptom interference in work was of most concern. Of patients reporting moderate to severe symptoms, more than 60% reported depressive symptoms. Of patients reporting moderate to severe feelings of being distress and feeling sad, more than 70% reported anxiety symptoms. Conclusion: Patients with HNC reporting moderate to severe symptoms also report depressive and/or anxiety symptoms. The results suggest the need to develop an integrated nursing intervention of both physical and emotional symptoms for patients with HNC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.975-978
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• 2012

P63 is a gene product required in cell cycle regulation which plays vital roles in tumor differentiation. Aims of the present study were to assess the frequency, pattern, sensitivity and specificity of two p63 protein clones P63 4A4 and P63 4A4+Y4A3 in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Thirty cases of head and neck region SCC diagnosed on the basis of H&E staining were examined along with 60 cases of head and neck region biopsies other than squamous cell carcinoma, negative on H&E staining, were taken as control. Immunostaining was performed on slides according to the Thermo Scientific UltraVision LP detection System. P63 4A4+Y4A3 clone is more sensitive 96.6% in comparison to 86% in P63 4A4 with having greater NPV of 98.3%. The results signify the importance of P63 4A4+Y4A3 marker over the old markers and may be used as a confirmatory marker of squamous cell carcinoma.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.116-121
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• 2015

Background: To explore the relationship between persistent post-radiotherapy pain and locoregional recurrence in head and neck cancer patients. Methods: Five year retrospective data was reviewed of 86 patients of head and neck cancer treated with radiotherapy who continued to have pain at 6 weeks after completion of treatment. At follow-up after 3 months, these patients were stratified into: Group A (n = 39) constituted of patients whose pain subsided and Group B (n = 47) were patients who continued to have persistent pain. Results: At median follow-up time of 25 months (range: 8-47), one patient (2.6%) and 18 (38.3%) patients in group A and group B had locoregional recurrence respectively (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, group B patients had higher mean pain score levels as compared to group A (P = 0.03). Patients in whom pain subsided within 3 months had statistically much greater disease-free survival in comparison to those with persistent pain (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Pain in head and neck cancer is an important symptom and should be considered a poor prognostic factor. In the current study, the majority of the patients with persistent pain had recurrent disease as compared to those in whom pain subsided within 3 months of post-treatment. It is suggested that patients with persistent pain need more intense follow-up and should be investigated thoroughly to detect recurrence at an early stage to provide a better quality of life.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.11-23
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• 1990

Systemic chemotherapy is usually regarded as the standard treatment for palliation in patients with recurrent or metastatic cancer who have failed the definite local treatment with surgery and/or radiotherapy. Recently, with the introduction of more active chemotherapeutic agents and combinations, systemic chemotherapy is being increasingly used before or after local therapy in patients with previously untreated locally advanced head and neck cancer. The most active agents for the head and neck caner are methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cisplatin and bleomycin. The overall response rates to each of these four drugs are 15-30% expecially when used as first line therapy. But most of these responses are partial with a mean duration of 3-5 months. Various combinations with methotrexate, 5-FU, cisplatin, and bleomycin have been tried with overall response rates of 50-90%, and 10-20% of complete responses. The introduction of chemotherapy prior to local therapy, induction chemotherapy, has been investigated with improved survivals in patients with complete response, especially pathologic, though improvement in overall survival has not been proved yet after the induction chemotherapy. Other therapeutic modalities, such as 'Sandwich' chemotherapy between surgery and radiotherapy, concomittent chemo-radiotherapy and post local treatment adjuvant chemotherapy have been pursued with some hopeful results but these trials should be compared with prospective randomized Phase III trials. To increase the response rates and enhance the survival, important work still remains; 1. Identification of better prognostic factors, 2. Improvement in staging, 3. Development of more active and safter chemotherapeutic agents, 4. Identification of the proper sequence for the addition of chemotherapy to multimodality treatment, and 5. Testing the value of such chemotherapy in locally advanced cancer patients.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.152-160
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• 2001

The presence of HPV DNA and the expression of p53 protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma were determined to evaluate the relationship of these factors and their association with their pathologic stages and cervical lymph node metastasis. Among 65 patients the presence of HPV DNA was found in 12 cases(18.5%), p53 was found positive in 32 cases(49.2%) and expression of PCNA was observed in 24 cases(36.9%). The expression of PCNA was more frequent in the HPV positive cancers compared with the HPV negative ones(p =0.0018), and p53 revealed its higher rate of cooccurrence with the expression of PCNA(p =0.008), which might suggest that PCNA expression has a positive relationship with HPV and p53 mutation in head and neck cancer. There might be inverse relationship between HPV and p53 mutation(p =0.063), but 3 cases showed both HPV DNA positivity and p53 expression. HPV was detected at a higher rate in the early pathologic stages than in the advanced stages of cancer, and p53 expression was more frequently found in the advanced stages(p =0.044). These results suggests that HPV and p53 mutation might have different etiologic roles in the development of head and neck cancer, or cases with p53 mutation might have more aggressive behavior. PCNA expression showed no difference between early and late stages of cancer, and between cases with and without cervical lymph node metastasis.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.67-70
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• 2017

We present a metastatic carcinoma from the breast to the neck soft tissue around common carotid artery, with a rare finding of voice change. A 60 year-old female patient presented with voice change for 7 months. Neck ultrasound revealed a soft tissue mass between internal jugular vein and common carotid artery. Result of fine needle aspiration biopsy was a metastatic carcinoma. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance image revealed $2.5{\times}3.0cm$ sized irregular marginated soft tissue mass in right lower neck encasing common carotid artery and internal jugular vein. Surgical resection was performed and pathologic result with immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis of a metastatic invasive ductal carcinoma originated from breast.