• 한국양식학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.123-134
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• 1994

나일 틸라피아의 흉선과 말초 혈액내 림프구에 glucocorticoste.oid (GCS)가 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 여러 가지 농도로 dexamethasone (DEX)와 hydrocortisone (HC)을 치어 (5-7g) 복강에 주사하여 흥선의 조직과 세포수 등을 대조군과 비교하였다. 생체에 DEX와 HC를 투여한 군에서는 흥선의 무게 감소와 흥선 세포의 수적 감소가 나타났으며, 그 효과는 이들 호르몬의 처리 양과 시간에 의존적이었다. 10mM DEX와 10mM HC를 시험관내 흥선 세포에 12시간 처리할 경우 DNA 절편화가 유도되었으며, 그 유형은 180-200 염기쌍으로 다양하게 절편되었다. DEX와 HC를 생체에 여러 시간 동안 처리했을 때 말초 혈액내 과립 백혈구의 수적 변동은 없었지만, 10mM DEX와 10mM HC을 2-3일 처리시 말초 혈액내 림프구 수는 감소되었다. 이상의 결과는 흥선 세포와 순환하는 림프구가 호르몬의 특성과 처리량 및 시간과 같은 여러 가지 요인에 따라 GCS에 반응하는 것을 시사해 주었다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.281-287
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• 2011

Purpose: The study was done to explore growth variation in head circumference (HC) in extremely premature infants (EPI) with brain injury. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 79 cohort samples from the archives of the catch-up growth project. Mean age of the infants was 29.2 weeks of gestation and mean HC, 27.1 cm at birth. Their HC measurements were retrieved from the archives up to 6 month of corrected age (CA) and analyzed against history of brain injury during hospitalization. Results: Overall growth retardation in HC was observed in the cohort sample compared to longer gestation premature infants. EPI with brain injury showed decreased HC compared to infants without brain injury, and resulting growth variation across 6 month of CA. Highest retardation in HC growth was observed in male infants with brain injury. Conclusion: Extreme preterm birth itself may function as a major obstacle against HC growth toward term age in EPI. Sustainability of brain injury could be observed with higher HC growth retardation after term. Evolutionary favor to female infants may exist in HC growth of EPI. Intensive education on HC monitoring is highly suggested for parents of EPI, particularly with children with brain injury.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.554-561
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• 2004

Trichostatin A, an antifungal antibiotics, and HC-toxin are potent and specific inhibitors of histone deacetylase activity. Histone deacetylase inhibitors are new class of chemotherapeutic drugs able to induce tumor cell apoptosis and/or cell cycle arrest. In this study, the antiproliferative activities of trichostatin A and HC-toxin were compared between estrogen receptor positive human breast cancer cell MCF-7 and estrogen receptor negative human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-468. Trichostatin A and HC-toxin showed potent antiproliferative activity in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cells. In MCF-7 cells that contain high level estrogen receptor, trichostatin A and HC-toxin brought about three-times more potent cell growth inhibitory effect than estrogen receptor negative MDA-MB-468 cells. Both trichostatin A and HC-toxin showed cell cycle arrest at G$_2$/M phases of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cells in a dose- and time- depen- dent manner. Trichostatin A and HC-toxin also induced apoptosis from MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Results of this study suggested that antipro-liferative effects of trichostatin A and HC-toxin might be involved in estrogen receptor signaling pathway, but cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of trichostatin A and HC-toxin might not be involved in estrogen receptor system of human breast cancer cells.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.311-317
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• 2010

본 연구는 추출물 형태에 따른 파프리카 첨가 식이가 고콜레스테롤 식이 흰쥐의 혈청 지질과 $\alpha$-tocopherol 농도에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 Sprague-Dawley 수컷 25마리를 대조군(NC), 고콜레스테롤군(HC), 고콜레스테롤+동결건조 파프리카 분말 섭취군(HC-FDP), 고콜레스테롤+파프리카 물 추출물 섭취군(HC-WEP), 고콜레스테롤+파프리카 에탄올 추출물 섭취군(HC-EEP)으로 나누어 실험 식이를 6주간 공급하였다. 6주 후 HC군과 파프리카 급여군에서 체중 증가는 각각 85.2%와 65.5~68.88%로 HC군에서 체중이 유의적으로 증가하였다. 그리고 내장지방 무게는 HC군보다 파프리카 급여군에서 감소하였으며, 파프리카 급여군의 중성지질, 총 콜레스테롤, LDL-콜레스테롤과 atherogenic index 역시 HC군보다 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 그리고 파프리카 급여군들 중에서는 HC-EEP 군이 혈청지질농도 감소 효과가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 혈청 $\alpha$-tocopherol 농도는 HC-EEP에서 $30.5{\pm}0.6\;{\mu}mol/{\ell}$로 가장 높았고, 그 다음으로는 HC-WEP($30.0{\pm}0.8\;{\mu}mol/{\ell}$)>HC-FDP($29.1{\pm}0.5\;{\mu}mol/{\ell}$)>HC($27.7{\pm}0.3\;{\mu}mol/{\ell}$)이었다. 이는 고콜레스테롤 식이에 의한 산화적 스트레스를 감소시키기 위하여 혈청 $\alpha$-tocopherol이 소모되는 것을 파프리카 급여로 절약하는 효과를 나타낸 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 파프리카는 혈중 지질 농도 저하 효과를 보였고, $\alpha$-tocopherol 절약 작용을 통해 체내 항산화제로서 활용 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2001

During cold-start period, the reduction of exhaust emissions is a challenging task. To decrease harmful gaseous substances such as HC, it is necessary to realize a fast catalyst warm-up. In this study, the performance of dual pipe exhaust system have been carried out through different test mode. From measurement of gas temperature and HC concentration, the following conclusions were derived ; 1) Compared with single pipe, dual pipe exhaust system remarkably increase temperature of exhaust gas going through M.C.C(Main Catalytic Converter). 2) W.C.C.(Warm-up Catalytic Converter) also decreases HC emission. To reduce HC emission, it is helpful to use W.C.C. as well as dual pipe exhaust system. 3) Using finite element method, it is shown that inner parts have much higher distribution of temperature than outer parts.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2003

Engine-out HC emissions were investigated during cold and hot start. The tests were conducted according to engine cooling temperatures which were controlled by simulated coolant temperatures of cold and hot start, on a 1.5L, 4-cylinder, 16 valve, multipoint-port-fuel-injection gasoline engine. Real time engine-out HC emissions were measured at a exhaust port and cylinder head using Fast Response Flame Ionization Detector(FRFID). Unburned hydrocarbons emitted at the cold coolant temperature were much higher than those of the hot coolant temperatures. And the main source of the high HC emission was confirmed as misfire at cold coolant temperature. In addition, the effect of intake valve timing on engine-out HC emissions was investigated. The results obtained indicate that optimized intake phasing provides the potential for start-up engine-out HC emissions reduction.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권5호
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• pp.968-975
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• 2009

The goals of this research are to understand the regeneration characteristics in diesel particulate filter using the HC injection. This research emphasized on the development of Continuously Regenerating DOC/DPF and HC technology which was the best particulate matters removing technology of current existing technology. This experimental study has been conducted with equipped a Continuously Regenerating DOC/DPF and HC injection on displacement 2.0, 3.3 $\ell$ diesel engine and compared in terms of particulate material and emission. In this study, we could constructed 3 kinds of database according to quantity of temperature to decide the HC injection quantity and develop DOC/DPF ECU algorithm.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.80-88
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• 1999

Hypercholesterolemia is a well known major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, now the leading cause of death in Korea. This study was carried out to examine the relationships of hypercholesterolemia(HC$\geq$240 mg/dL) with obesity, blood pressure and blood glucose level in 649 male subjects aged 20-69 in Kwangju, Korea. The mean plasma total cholesterol level was 212${\pm}$43 mg/dL, and 25.3% of the subjects was diagnosed as HC and 39.3% as nomorcholesterolemia(NC〈200 mg/dL). The prevalence of HC seemed to increase with age. The subjects with HC were highly overweighted and had higher body mass index(BMI) than the NC subjects. The incidence of overweight(25$\leq$BMI〈30) and obesity(BMI$\geq$30) among the HC subjects were 44.5%, and 1.8%, respectively. The HC subjects had higher systolic(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP) than the NC subjects. The incidence of borderline hypertension (160/95〉SBP/DBP$\geq$140/90) and hypertension(SBP/DBP$\geq$160/95) among the HC subjects were 18.3%, and 9.1%, respectively. However, there was no difference in blood glucose level between the HC and NC subjects. The plasma total cholesterol level had positive relationships with BMI(P〈0.001), weight(P〈0.001), DBP(P〈0.001), SBP(P〈0.01), and age(P〈0.01), whereas inverse relationships with height/weight ratio(P〈0.001), and height(P〈0.01). The relative risks on HC were 1.99 for obesity, 1.53 for overweight, 1.82 for hypertension, 1.44 for borderline hypertension and 1.08 for hyperglycemia. Attributable risks on HC were 0.25 for obesity, 0.11 for overweight, 0.20 for hypertension, 0.10 for borderline hypertension and 0.02 for hyperglycemia. The results indicate that the level of plasma total cholesterol was closely associated with the incidences of obesity and hypertension. (Korean J of Human Ecology 2(1) : 80-88, 1999)

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.521-528
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• 2008

This study examined the effects of 2% Lycii fructus powder (LFP) supplementation on lipid metabolism in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 1% cholesterol and 0.25% sodium cholate to induce hypercholesterolemia. Then, 40 rats were divided into four diet groups: a normal diet group (NC), high cholesterol diet group (HC), normal diet plus 2% Lycii fructus powder (NC-LFP) group, and high cholesterol diet plus 2% Lycii fructus powder (HC-LFP) group. The HC group presented higher growth rates and liver weights than NC and NC-LFP however, growth rates and liver weights in the 2% LFP administered groups gradually decreased. HC also showed increased serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, free cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels and decreased atherogenic index values, HDL-cholesterol, and phospholipid levels, whereas LFP group showed decreased serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, free cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels as compared to HC. There were no differences in serum triglyceride, phospholipid, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and free cholesterol concentrations between the normal diet groups (NC and NC-LFP). The high cholesterol diet groups (HC and HC-LFP) had significant increases in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), asparate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDHase) activities. And the 2% LFP administered groups had lower hepatic concentrations of total cholesterol and triglycerides than the HC groups. Overall, the results suggest that Lycii fructus powder has hypochloesterolemic effects by reducing serum and liver cholesterol contents.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 1990

웅성-마우스의 고환을 diethyl ether 마취하에서 제거하고, 수종의 steroid 홀몬을 각각 매일 1회씩 4일간 피하주사하여, 간 및 소장의 polyamine 함량과 소장의 diamine oxidase (DAO) 활성도에 미치는 그들의 영향을 검색하였다. 1. Hydrocortisone succinate 50 mg/kg (HC) 및 dehydroepiandrosterone 250 mg/kg (DHEA)에 의하여, 소장의 putrescine (PT)은 유의하게 증가되었으나, spermidine (SD) 및 spermine (SM)은 별 영향을 받지 않았고, 간의 SD은 다소 증가되고, SM은 다소 감소 되었으나, PT은 별 변동을 보이지 않았다. 2. Estradiol cypionate 5 mg/kg (E2)에 의하여, 간의 PT은 현저히 증가되었으나, 소장의 PT은 다소 증가되었고, 그외 소장 및 간의 SD와 SM의 변동은 보이지 않았다. Testosterone cypionate 5 mg/kg (TS)에 의하여는 간의 SD이 다소 감소되었을 뿐 별 변동이 없었다. 3. 소장의 DAO 활성도는 HC에 의하여 현저히 감소되었으나, E2 및 TS에 의하여는 유의하게 증가되었고, DHEA에 의하여는 별 영향을 받지않았다. 그러나 간의 monoamine oxidase 활성도는 HC, E2, DHEA, 및 TS에 의하여 영향을 받지 않았다. 4. Aminoguanidine 25 mg/kg로 소장의 DAO 활성도가 현저히 감소되었으나, 간 MAO 활성도는 영향을 받지 않았고, 소장의 PT 및 SD은 유의하게 증가되었으나, 간의 polyamine은 별 변동을 보이지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 볼때, 간 및 소장의 polyamine 대사-특히 PT 함량의 변동이 각각 E2 및 HC에 의하여 특이적으로 조절되는 바, E2에 의한 간 PT 함량의 증가는 주로 생성촉진 작용에 연유되며, HC에 의한 소장 PT 함량의 증가는 주로 polyamine의 이화성 대사를 억제함에 기인될 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.