• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.305-311
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• 1988

가열유를 섭취시켰을때 흰쥐 간장내의 지질상태의 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 신선한 옥수수기름을 투여한 대조군과 산가2.10인 가열유를 투여한군(HA굴) 및 산가4.02인 가열유를 투여한군(HB군)으로 나누어 1일1회 1 g씩 각각 경구투여하여 3주간 및 6주간 사육한후 체중 및 간장의 무게, 간장에서의 triglyceride, total cholesterol, phospholipid함량 및 간장에서의 총지질 지방산조성과 phospholipld지방산 조성을 관찰하였다. 체중은 각군별 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으나 간장무게는 HB군이 가장 높게 나타났다. 또한, triglyceride와 cholesterol 함량은 사육기간이 경과함에 따라 HA, HB군이 대조군에 비해 증가하였다. phospholipid함량은 HB군을 6주간 투여한 군에서만 약간의 증가를 보였다. 실험에 사용한 식이유의 지방산조성은 $C_{18-2}$지방산이 대조군은 48.27%, HA군은 42.28%, HB군은 36.13% 순으로 감소되었으며 간장에서의 총지질 지방산조성과 phospholipid 지방산조성은 산폐도가 심한 기름을 오래 투여할수록 필수지방산과 고불포화지방산 함량이 공통적으로 감소되였다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2000

Pseudomonas sp. HJ-2는 heptanoinc acid를 단일탄소원으로 이용하여 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB),3-hydroxy-velerate (3HV) 및 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HHp)를 구성 단위체로 하는 고무탄성 polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)를 생합성한다. 이 미생물 고분자는 poly(3HB-co-3HV)공중합체와 poly(3HHp) 단일중합체로 이루어진 혼합물임이 밝혀졌다. 본 연구에서는 PHA가 고무탄성체로서의 성질을 유지하는데 필용한 단위체 조성과 HJ-2의 배양조건이 PHA의 생산 및 단위체 조성에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하였다. 생합성된 PHA의 탄성률은 poly(3HHp)의 존재로 크게 감소되었으나, 3HV의 함량이 높은 poly(3HB-co-3HV) 자체도 최대변형률 740%로서 고무탄성체로서의 성질을 보였다. HJ-2의 생장 및 PHA 생합성은 탄소원인 heptanoic acid의 초기농도가 40mMdlfEo 가장 높았으나, 50mM의 농도에서는 큰 저해를 받았다. PHA 생합성은 질소와 인이 결핍된 조건에서 크게 증가되었다. 배양액의 pH 및 통기는 HJ-2로부터 생합성되는 PHA의 단위체 조성에 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. pH 7.5에서 생합성되는 고분자는 poly(3HB-co-38% 3HV)인 반면에 pH8.0에서의 고분자는 3HHp가 95%를 차지하였다. 발효조의 교반속도를 달리한 실험의 결과 고분자 내 3HHp의 함량은 산소전달 속도가 높아질수록 증가하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.193-199
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• 1998

To elucidate the mechanism involved in the cerebral vascular spasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), the effects of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained from the SAH patients on the resting tension and its influence on the contractile responses to various vasoactive agents and to hypoxia were investigated in isolated porcine cerebral arteries. All the CSFs containing hemoglobin (Hb) produced contraction and some Hb-free CSFs also elicited contraction. When the Hb-free CSF was separated by microfilter, the filtrate of ＜30,000 MW did not produce contraction, while the fraction above 30,000 MW elicited more marked contractile responses than the unfractionated CSF. The CSF contraction was significantly attenuated in the presence of indomethacin or nimodipine, whereas the contractions induced by KCl, prostaglandin $F_{2{\alpha}}$ ($PGF_{2{\alpha}}$), or endothelin-1 (ET-1) were not affected by the CSF pretreatment. However, the contractile responses induced by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and phenylephrine (PE) were markedly potentiated by the pretreatment. Hypoxia-induced vasoconstriction was significantly potentiated by the pretreatment with either unfractionated CSF or the CSF fraction of above 30,000 MW. These results suggest that unknown vasocontractile substance(s) exists in the Hb-free CSF and that the substance, with its MW above 30,000, is activated by hypoxia and acts synergistically with 5-HT and PE, and that extracellular calcium influx and cyclooxygenase are also involved in the cerebral vasoconstrictory effect of Hb-free CSF.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.190-200
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• 2012

Objective: The displacement of the hyoid bone (HB) is a critical biomechanical component of the swallowing function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the swallowing-induced vertical and horizontal displacements of the HB in subjects with 2 different magnitudes of skeletal Class III malocclusion, by means of real-time, balanced turbo-field-echo (B-TFE) cine-magnetic resonance imaging. Methods: The study population comprised 19 patients with mild skeletal Class III malocclusion, 16 with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion, and 20 with a skeletal Class I relationship. Before the commencement of the study, all subjects underwent cephalometric analysis to identify the nature of skeletal malformations. B-TFE images were obtained for the 4 consecutive stages of deglutition as each patient swallowed 10 mL of water, and the vertical and horizontal displacements of the HB were measured at each stage. Results: At all stages of swallowing, the vertical position of the HB in the severe Class III malocclusion group was significantly lower than those in the mild Class III and Class I malocclusion groups. Similarly, the horizontal displacement of the HB was found to be significantly associated with the severity of malocclusion, i.e., the degree of Class III malocclusion, while the amount of anterior displacement of the HB decreased with an increase in the severity of the Class III deformity. Conclusions: Our findings indicate the existence of a relationship between the magnitude of Class III malocclusion and HB displacement during swallowing.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.399-404
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• 2014

Production of biodegradable polymer polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from industrial wastes exhibits several advantages such as recycle of waste and the production of high valuable products. To this end, this study aimed at isolating from the sewage treatment plant a PHA producing bacterium capable of utilizing wastes generated from biodiesel and food industries. A Bacillus cereus strain capable of producing poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] was isolated, which was followed by confirmation of P(3HB) accumulation by gas-chromatographic analyses. Then, the effects of nutrient limitation on P(3HB) production by B. cereus was first examined. Cells cultured in a minimal medium under the limitation of nitrogen, potassium and sulfur suggested that nitrogen limitation allows the highest P(3HB) accumulation. Next, production of P(3HB) was examined from both waste of biodiesel production (crude glycerol) and waste from food industry (spent coffee grounds). Cells cultured in nitrogen-limited minimal medium supplemented crude glycerol and waste spent coffee grounds extract accumulated P(3HB) to the contents of 2.4% and 1.0% of DCW. This is the first report demonstrating the capability of B. cereus to produce P(3HB) from waste raw materials such as crude glycerol and spent coffee grounds.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.426-431
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• 2007

To investigate the possible mechanisms of high-altitude native animals in adapting to high altitude, we cloned hemoglobin alpha-chain (alpha-chain Hb) gene from Pantholops hodgsonii, an animal species that indigenously lives at elevations of 3700-5500 m on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique, the alpha-chain Hb gene was amplified from total RNA in the liver of the Pantholops hodgsonii. TA cloning technique was used and the PCR product was cloned into pGEM-T vector. The DNA sequence of the gene was highly homologous with sheep (99.1%), goat (98.6%), cattle (95.6%) and human (86.5%). The alpha-chain Hb gene encoded a 142-amino acid protein that could be identified with the homology of alpha-chain Hb protein in sheep (98%), goat (96%), cattle (91%) and human (87%). However, 18 alternations were detected when compared with the alpha-chain Hb gene in human, and 2 in sheep. Moreover, the alterations of a117 GluAsp and $\alpha$132 AsnSer in important regions were noted in human and sheep, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the structure of alpha-chain Hb was highly similar to that in sheep. This study provided essential information for elucidating the possible roles of hemoglobin in adapting to extremely high altitude in Pantholops hodgsonii.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.299-305
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• 1988

The phenotypes of hemoglobin, albumin and transferrin of 3U2 Jindo dogs in Jindo area were studied by starch gel electrophoresis for hemoglobin and albumin, and by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis for transferrin. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In the hemoglobin phenotypes, three phenotypes, HbAA, HbAB and HbBB, which were controlled by two allelic genes, $Hb^A$ and $Hb^B$, were observed and their frequencies of appearance were 1.65%, 10.60% and 87.75% respectively. The distribution of gene frequency was calculated as 0.0695 in $Hb^A$ and 0.9305 in $Hb^B$. 2. In the albumin phenotypes, three phenotypes, Alb FF, Alb FS and Alb SS, which were controlled by two allelic genes, $AIb^F$ and $AIb^S$ were observed and their frequencies of appearance were 12.59%, 25.56% and 61.85% respectively. The distribution of gene frequency was calculated as 0.2537 in $AIb^F$ and 0.7463 in $AIb^S$. 3. Analysis of transferrin phenotypes showed 6 different types which were controlled by three allelic genes, $Tf^B$, $Tf^C$ and $Tf^D$ and their frequencies of appearance were 54.04% in TfBB, 17.54% in TfBC, 9.82% in TfBD, 8.07% in TfCC, 7.37% in TfCD and 3.16% in TfDD. The distribution of gene frequency was calculated as 0.6772 in $Tf^B$, 0.2053 in $Tf^C$ and 0.1175 in $Tf^D$.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.178-185
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the relationship between depression, self-care activity and $HbA_1c$ in clients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM) clients. Method: This was a cross sectional descriptive study and data were collected between October 4 and 27, 2006 using a questionnaire. The participants were inpatients and outpatients with type-2 diabetes being seen in one of two hospitals. The questionnaire included general as well as disease related characteristics, a depression scale (CES-D), and the self-care activity scale developed by Kim (1996). $HbA_1c$ was obtained from medical records. Results: There were 50 men (41.7%) and 70 women (58.3%). The mean scores for depression and self-care activity were $18.22{\pm}10.03$ and 3.51, respectively. Almost half of the Participants (46.7%) had an $HbA_1c$ greater than 7%. Self-care activity was negatively correlated with depression (r=-.436, p=0.00) and $HbA_1c$ (r=-.269, p=0.03). Depression was positively correlated with $HbA_1c$ (r=-.325, p=0.00). Participants who had diabetes education showed a significantly lower level of $HbA_1c$ than the group who had never had diabetes education. Conclusions: It is Important to make ensure that patients with diabetes have education on diabetes mellitus and to screen and manage depression as part of the care for these patients.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.157-164
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• 1994

인삼의 잎, 줄기, 뿌리 절편에 Agrobatriumrhizogenes(stain $A_4$를 접종하여 형질이 전환된 조직(모상근)을 유도, 배양한 후 saponin 고생산능 clones을 선발하였으며, 아울러 형질전환 여부를 dot blot hybridization 과 opine 분석으로 확인하였다. 여러 부위에서 유도된 모상근은 모두 암조건의 MS 배지에서 활발히 생장하였으며, 이들 중 HB3 clone을 이용하여 동질화딘 모상근 clon으로 배양한 후 saponin 고생산능 clon을 선발한 결과 HB2-10 clone이 최대의 생장을 보였으며 총 saponin함량은 0.55wt%로 나타났다. 그러나 총 saponin함량이 가장 높은 clone은 비교적 생장이 느린 HB3-2 clone이었으며 0.74wt%의 함량을 나타내었다. 아울러 dot blot hybridization 결과 Ri-T-DNA가 식물체의genome 내로 삽입되어 있었으며, opine확인결과 모든 모상근 clone으로부터 argropine과 mannopine이 검출되었다.

• 폴리머
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.54-58
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• 2005

미생물 합성 poly[(R)3-hydroxybutyrate]](P(3HB))의 알칼리 및 효소 분해거동을 단결정과 Langmuir 단분자막을 모델시스템으로 하여 연구하였다. 단결정의 초기효소 및 알칼리 분해거동은 단결정의 장축에 대해 수직방향(b축)으로 분해가 일어났고 용융점 이하의 온도에서 열처리 또한 단결정의 b축을 따라 봉우리 형태의 형태학적 변화를 관찰하였다. 이러한 결과는 라멜라 단결정은 b축을 따라 불규칙한 영역을 가지고 있음을 의미하고 효소분해가 불규칙한 영역에서 선호적으로 일어난다고 설명할 수 있다. 한편, P(3HB), 단분자막의 효소 및 알칼리 분해경향은 분해매체와 표면압력에 크게 의존하였다. 알칼리 분해의 경우 낮은 표면압력에서도 분해를 나타내는 반면 효소 분해는 높은 표면 압력 하에서 분해거동을 나타내었다. 이러한 현상은 분자수준의 크기인 알칼리 분해매체는 P(3HB) 단분자막과 좁은 접촉면적(낮은 표면압력)에서도 활성을 보이는 반면 크기가 큰 분해효소는 보다 큰 활성 접촉면적(높은 표면압력)을 필요로 하는 것으로 판단된다.