• 제목/요약/키워드: Hazardous heavy metal

검색결과 134건 처리시간 0.023초

Effects of Heavy Metal Contamination from an Abandoned Mine on Tomato Growth and Root-knot Nematode Development

  • Park, Byeong-Yong;Lee, Jae-Kook;Ro, Hee-Myong;Kim, Young-Ho
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제27권3호
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    • pp.266-271
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    • 2011
  • Physicochemical characteristics and heavy metal content of soils located along the drainage way of an abandoned mine at Busan, Korea ($35^{\circ}31'N$, $129^{\circ}22'E$) (contaminated soil; CS) and uncontaminated soils (50-70 m apart from the drainage way) (NS) were examined. Growth of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicom cv. Rutgers) in CS and NS, development of the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) as root-knot gall formation on tomato plants, and non-parasitic nematode populations in soil were also examined. Growth of tomato plants, root-knot gall formation, and non-parasitic nematode populations were significantly reduced in CS with higher As content, lower pH, higher electrical conductivity (EC), and lower available phosphate (av. $P_2O_5$) than in NS. None of the other physicochemical characters examined differed significantly between CS and NS (low and no significance) and were above or below the critical levels detrimental to plant growth and nematode development, suggesting that As may be the primary hazardous heavy metal in CS. The toxicity of As might be enhanced at low pH in CS because exchangeable forms of some heavy metals increase with the decrease of soil pH. The heavy metals, especially As, may have contributed to increasing EC and decreasing av. $P_2O_5$. Therefore, the effects of mine drainage contamination from the abandoned mine were derived primarily from contamination by heavy metals such as As. These may have been enhanced in toxicity (solubility) by the lowered pH, increased soil salinity (EC) and decreased av. $P_2O_5$. Our results suggest synergistic adverse effects on the plant and the nematode by decreasing osmotic potential and nutrient availability.

산업폐기물 중의 유해중금속의 환경친화적 안정화 처리(I) (Environmentally Adaptive Stabilization of the Hazardous Heavy Metal Waste by Cementious Materials(I))

  • 원종한;안태호;최광휘;최상흘;손진군;심광보
    • 한국세라믹학회지
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    • 제39권7호
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    • pp.680-686
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    • 2002
  • 각 시멘트 구성 광물별로 중금속의 고정/안정화 메커니즘과 수화거동을 검토하였다. $C_3$S수화 시 Pb는 불용성화합물인 Ca[Pb(OH)$_3$.$H_2O$]$_2$를, Cr은 CaCr $O_4$$H_2O$를 생성하였으며, 초기 7일까지는 전체적으로 중금속이 첨가되어진 경우 수화가 늦어지는 경향을 보이고 있었다. $C_3$A와 $C_4$ $A_3$ $S^{S}$수화 시 Pb, Cr 이온이 ettringite 또는 monosulfate에 의한 수화물에 치환에 의한 고정/안정화되고 있다. 수화물에서 Pb, Cr, Zn등 유해중금속의 용출은 극미하였으며 이는 수화물에 중금속이 고정/안정화되었음을 알 수 있다. 슬래그 혼합 시멘트를 이용한 산업 폐기물 STS, BF, COREX 슬러지 함유 중금속의 고정화/안정화를 검토하였다 시멘트와 폐슬러지를 3 : 7의 비율로 혼합 고화 처리한 결과 유해 중금속의 용출은 극미하였으며, 효과적으로 고정/안정화됨을 확인할 수 있었다.다.

농작물중(農作物中) 중금속오염도(重金屬汚染度)와 1일섭취량(日攝取量) 및 허용기준설정(許容基準設定)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (A Study on the Crops Pollution with Heavy Metal)

  • 염용태;배은상;윤배중
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.3-12
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    • 1980
  • Certain heavy metals which may lead peoples to poisonous status are widely used in industry and their uses have been increasing along with rapid industrialization of this country. Such an increasement of metal uses aggravates the status of environmental pollution affecting foodstuffs which are the most important life supporting factor of animal and humanbeing. Concerning the safety measures to minimize food-borne transmission of such hazardous metals, surveillance is the backbone of them and probably more so with a potential problem such as intoxication. Theoretically, this surveillance should include the determination of levels of heavy metal toxicants in foods, the determination of food consumption patterns and typical total diet, and the estimation of total load of the metal contaminant from all sources of exposure including air, water, and occupational sources. In recent year, actually, such estimates on the total daily intake of some heavy metals from foods have been made in several developed countries and a wide variation of date by season, locality, and research method was recognized. Also in this country, this kind of research data is vitally needed to make up for the serious shortage or lack of references to estimate the total amount of heavy metal intake of the people. In this study, a modification model for estimation of the total daily intake of cadmium copper, nickel, zinc, and lead through foods was applied and concentrations of the above metals in crops cultivated in this country were measured with atomic absorption spectro photometer to get the following results. 1. Level of heavy metal concentration in crops Generally, the levels of such metals in essential crops such as rice, cucumber, radish. chinese cabbage, apple, pear, grape, and orange are similar or lower than those in Japan and other developed countries. By the way, a striking result on cadmium concentration was increasement of its concentration in rice from $0{\sim}0.035ppm$ in 1970 to 0.11ppm in this study. However, the value is still far below the. Japanese Permissible Lebel of 1.0ppm. 2. Estimation of total daily intake per capita from foods A new model for estimation was devised utilizing levels of metal concentration in foods, amount of food consumed, and other food factors. Based on the above method, the daily intake of cadmium was estimated to be $70.53{\mu}g/man/day$ in average which was as high as the Limit Value of ILO/WHO(up to $71.4{\mu}g/man/day$). Also, 3.89mg of Zinc, 1.65mg of cuppor, 0.32mg of lead were given as the total daily intake per capita by this research. 3. Efficacy of washing or skinning to decrease the amount of metals in crops After washing the crops sufficiently with commercial linear alkylate sulfonate, the concentration of heavy metals could be reduced to $50{\sim}80%$ showing decreasement rate of $20{\sim}50%$. Also, after skinning the fruits, decreasement rate of the heavy metal concentration shelved $0{\sim}50%$.

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SUKI(silver tools)를 활용한 두피 관리가 중금속 배출에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Scalp Management using SUKI on Heavy Metal Discharge)

  • 이준숙;홍성균
    • 융합정보논문지
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    • 제10권12호
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    • pp.208-215
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    • 2020
  • 본 연구는 SUKI를 활용하여 두피의 중금속 감소에 대해 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 연구대상자는 총 26명이었으며 실험군과 대조군 각각 13명이었다. SUKI 도구를 활용한 두피 중금속 배출에 대한 중재를 8주간 주 2회씩 실시하였고, 결과는 다음과 같다. 총 각각 8 종목의 실험군과 대조군의 비교에서 실험군에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 실험군의 중금속인 Hg, Pb, Al, Cd, As, Ba, Ur, Cs 중에서 6가지 항목의 Hg, Al, Cd, As, Ba, Ur과 같은 중금속들에서 통계적으로 유의한 감소(p<.05)를 보여주었으며, Pb, Cs 는 유의하지 않았다. 그리고 해당 유해중금속 중에서 Al, Ba, Hg가 가장 큰 차이의 감소율을 나타냈다. 따라서 SUKI 도구의 중재가 일부 중금속 배출에 영향을 줄 수 있다는 것을 시사한다(p<.05). 결론적으로 향후 지속적인 연구를 통해 두피의 중금속 배출을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

지정폐기물 중 미규제 중금속류의 용출 특성 (Leaching Characteristics of Unregulated Heavy Metals in Specified Wastes)

  • 전태완;신선경;이정아;김형섭
    • 대한환경공학회지
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    • 제30권2호
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    • pp.213-217
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    • 2008
  • 본 연구는 지정폐기물에 함유된 미규제 중금속 Ni, Zn, Ba, Be, Sb, Se, V의 용출 특성을 조사한 것으로, 이들 항목의 배출 가능성이 높은 표본사업장을 선정하여 시료 108건을 채취 분석하였다. 중금속류의 용출시험은 선행연구과제에서 제시한 시험방법으로 분석하였다. 조사결과, Ni은 폐수처리오니, 분진에서 많이 검출되었으며, Zn은 대부분의 조사대상 시료에서 검출되었다. 석유 정제 공정에서 발생된 분진과 폐촉매에서는 V이 높은 농도로 검출되었다. Ba, Be, Sb, Se은 낮은 농도로 검출되었으나, 다양한 폐기물배출사업장에서 발생되는 폐기물을 추가 선정하여 용출특성을 파악하는 것이 필요하다고 판단되었다.

Extractable Heavy Metals in Phosphogypsum

  • Chung, Jong-Bae;Cho, Hyun-Jong;Jin, Sun-Jae
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.223-228
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    • 2002
  • In addition to supplying the essential elements, Ca and S, phosphogypsum can have profound effect on both the physical and chemical properties of certain soils. However, no widespread use of by-product phosphogypsum will be made unless such uses pose no threat to the public health and soil contamination. In this study, the extractability of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb with water and DTPA solution from phosphogypsum samples of pH 3, 5, and 7 were investigated to estimate the availability of those metals. Contents of water extractable metals in ohosphogypsum were less than 5 mg/kg for all the heavy metals investigated. The extractability of metals in DTPA solution was not quite different but a little higher in comparison to the water extraction. And the extractability was decreased as the pH of phosphogypsum increased. In the phosphogypsum of pH 7, amounts of water extractable metals were nearly zero. There was no significant difference in the amount of extractable metals during the extraction period of 5 weeks. The length of extraction time did not affect heavy metal extractability. Therefore there may be small fractions of easily soluble or extractable forms of metals in the phosphogypsum and most of the metals would be present in very insoluble forms. These results suggest that the application of phosphogypsum at appropriate rates on agricultural lands appears of no concern in terms of hazardous element contamination in soil.

복숭아 통조림의 저장기간중(貯藏其間中) 중금속(重金屬)의 함량변화(含量變化)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (Studies on the Changes of Heavy Metal Contents During Storage Period of Commercial Canned Peach)

  • 이상건;윤정의;허윤행
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 1975
  • 내면(內面) lacquer 도장관(塗裝罐)과 백관(白罐)에 충진된 시판(市販) 백도 통조림에서 저장기간(貯藏期間)에 따른 Sn, Pb, Fe의 함량(含量) 변화(變化)를 조사(調査) 분석(分析)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 내면(內面) lacquer 도장관(塗裝罐), 백관(白罐)통조림 모두 저장기간(貯藏期間)이 길어짐에 따라 Sn, Pb, Fe의 함량(含量)은 증가(增加)하였다. 2. 내면(內面) lacquer 도장관(塗裝罐)이 백관(白罐)보다 중금속(重金屬)의 함량(含量)은 감소(減少)하였으며 Sn은 더욱 현저하였다. 3. Sn의 용출량(溶出量)이 증가(增加)됨에 따라 비례(比例)해서 철(鐵)의 함량(含量)도 증가(增加)하였다. 4. 6개회사(個會社) 제품(製品) 모두 식품위생법(食品衛生法)의 기준치(基準値)에 미달(未達)되었다.

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Recent Progress on Adsorptive Removal of Cd(II), Hg(II), and Pb(II) Ions by Post-synthetically Modified Metal-organic Frameworks and Chemically Modified Activated Carbons

  • Rallapalli, Phani Brahma Somayajulu;Choi, Suk Soon;Ha, Jeong Hyub
    • 공업화학
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.133-144
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    • 2022
  • Fast-paced industrial and agricultural development generates large quantities of hazardous heavy metals (HMs), which are extremely damaging to individuals and the environment. Research in both academia and industry has been spurred by the need for HMs to be removed from water bodies. Advanced materials are being developed to replace existing water purification technologies or to introduce cutting-edge solutions that solve challenges such as cost efficacy, easy production, diverse metal removal, and regenerability. Water treatment industries are increasingly interested in activated carbon because of its high adsorption capacity for HMs adsorption. Furthermore, because of its huge surface area, abundant functional groups on surface, and optimal pore diameter, the modified activated carbon has the potential to be used as an efficient adsorbent. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a novel organic-inorganic hybrid porous materials, sparked an interest in the elimination of HMs via adsorption. This is due to the their highly porous nature, large surface area, abundance of exposed adsorptive sites, and post-synthetic modification (PSM) ability. This review introduces PSM methods for MOFs, chemical modification of activated carbons (ACs), and current advancements in the elimination of Pb2+, Hg2+, and Cd2+ ions from water using modified MOFs and ACs via adsorption.

Sentinel-1 InSAR Coherence를 이용한 태양광전지 패널 모니터링 효율화 연구 (A Study on Photovoltaic Panel Monitoring Using Sentinel-1 InSAR Coherence)

  • 윤동현;이명진;이승국
    • 대한원격탐사학회지
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    • 제37권2호
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    • pp.233-243
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    • 2021
  • 태양광 패널은 중금속을 함유한 전자 폐기물이다. 전 세계적으로 매년 빠르게 증가하고 있으며 집중강우 시 유실되는 태양광전지 패널은 토양 중금속 오염의 문제 및 소규모 태양광 발전은 관리 부재라는 문제가 있어, 이를 효율적으로 모니터링하기 위한 기술 개발이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 Sentinel-1 위성의 SAR Temporal Baseline과 Coherence간의 상관관계를 이용한 태양광전지 패널 모니터링 방법을 연구하였다. 또한, 태양광 발전소와 주변의 Coherence 차이를 이용한 태양광전지 패널 탐지를 실험하였다. 실험결과 안정적 산란체로 가정한 태양광전지 패널의 Coherence가 0.50~0.65 분포 0.53의 중앙값으로 치우친 편향을 보이고 있어 처리과정에서 발생될 수 있는 오차를 개선할 추가 연구가 요구된다. 태양광전지 패널의 Coherence 시간적 감소 비율이 건물 등 인공물체와 다름에 따라 시간적 기준선을 이용한 변화탐지가 가능할 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 기존 광학영상을 활용한 대규모 태양광 발전 시설 위치정보 획득 연구에서, 소규모 태양광전지 패널 모니터링이 가능하도록 영상레이더를 적용한 초기 연구이다. 또한, 본 연구를 바탕으로 지속적 모니터링이 가능하고 태양광전지 패널 유실과 같은 상황에서 공간적 분포를 파악할 수 있는 효율적인 방안이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Glutamic Acid-Grafted Metal-Organic Framework: Preparation, Characterization, and Heavy Metal Ion Removal Studies

  • Phani Brahma Somayajulu Rallapalli;Jeong Hyub Ha
    • 공업화학
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    • 제34권5호
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    • pp.556-565
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    • 2023
  • Fast industrial and agricultural expansion result in the production of heavy metal ions (HMIs). These are exceedingly hazardous to both humans and the environment, and the necessity to eliminate them from aqueous systems prompts the development of novel materials. In the present study, a UIO-66 (COOH)2 metal-organic framework (MOF) containing free carboxylic acid groups was post-synthetically modified with L-glutamic acid via the solid-solid reaction route. Pristine and glutamic acid-treated MOF materials were characterized in detail using several physicochemical techniques. Single-ion batch adsorption studies of Pb(II) and Hg(II) ions were carried out using pristine as well as amino acid-modified MOFs. We further examined parameters that influence removal efficiency, such as the initial concentration and contact time. The bare MOF had a higher ion adsorption capacity for Pb(II) (261.87 mg/g) than for Hg(II) ions (10.54 mg/g) at an initial concentration of 150 ppm. In contrast, an increased Hg(II) ion adsorption capacity was observed for the glutamic acid-modified MOF (80.6 mg/g) as compared to the bare MOF. The Hg(II) ion adsorption capacity increased by almost 87% after modification with glutamic acid. Fitting results of isotherm and kinetic data models indicated that the adsorption of Pb(II) on both pristine and glutamic acid-modified MOFs was due to surface complexation of Pb(II) ions with available -COOH groups (pyromellitic acid). Adsorption of Hg(II) on the glutamic acid-modified MOF was attributed to chelation, in which glutamic acid grafted onto the surface of the MOF formed chelates with Hg(II) ions.