• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.3-8
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• 2011

In April 2010, Japan Cabinet Office has published the first countermeasure report for severe flood disasters. This report showed various flood-disaster scenarios and factors that widened damages. One of important suggestions was to transmit precious information for long-distance evacuation. So far, local municipalities have made Flood Hazard Map to inform resident risk and evacuation. In this paper, cognition and effectiveness of a flood hazard map in the down ARAKAWA river Tokyo were measured by social questionnaire survey. In conclusion, there were 3 factors to effect validity of a flood hazard map. There were (1) commitment to their neighborhood organization, (2) experience of Kathleen typhoon in 1947 and (3) level of using targeted river. As results, a logical diagram about a flood hazard map perception was drawn and discussed from a view of community-based approach.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.384-391
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• 1997

The hazard assessment in which the potential hazard factors In the buildings are investigated and the scale of the hazard is analyzed should be performed first in order to prevent personal and material damages due to building fire. In this study, the building fire hazard are assessed using 822-item checklist, for the qualitative evaluation of which the main factors are classified into 10 items, yielding 100 scale points with some weighting. It is shown that present model is applicable for the assessment of all general buildings through the examination of the suitability of assessment model by actual assessment of existing building. Also, the checklist is prepared in itemized questionnaire form for easy assessment of building fire hazard. Therefore, the present model will be helpful for those working in fire prevention, who are suffering from the lack of manifest evaluation model for the fire prevention assessment so far in Korea.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.210-216
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• 2012

Purpose: To assess independent prognostic factors for lymph node-negative metastatic gastric cancer patients following curative resection is valuable for more effective follow-up strategies. Materials and Methods: Among 1,874 gastric cancer patients who received curative resection, 967 patients were lymph node-negative. Independent prognostic factors for overall survival in lymph node-negative gastric cancer patients grouped by tumor invasion depth (early gastric cancer versus advanced gastric cancer) were explored with univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: There was a significant difference in the distribution of recurrence pattern between lymph node-negative and lymph nodepositive group. In the lymph node-negative group, the recurrence pattern differed by the depth of tumor invasion. In univariate analysis for overall survival of the early gastric cancer group, age, macroscopic appearance, histologic type, venous invasion, lymphatic invasion, and carcinoembryonic antigen level were significant prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis for these factors showed that venous invasion (hazard ratio, 6.695), age (${\geq}59$, hazard ratio, 2.882), and carcinoembryonic antigen level (${\geq}5$ ng/dl, hazard ratio, 3.938) were significant prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis of advanced gastric cancer group showed that depth of tumor invasion (T2 versus T3, hazard ratio, 2.809), and age (hazard ratio, 2.319) were prognostic factors on overall survival. Conclusions: Based on our results, independent prognostic factors such as venous permeation, carcinoembryonic antigen level, and age, depth of tumor invasion on overall survival were different between early gastric cancer and advanced gastric cancer group in lymph node-negative gastric cancer patients. Therefore, we are confident that our results will contribute to planning follow-up strategies.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.79-83
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• 2005

Efforts to identify jobs or tasks having known risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorder can provide the groundwork for changes aimed at risk reduction. An effective identification method is the ergonomic job hazard analysis which breaks a job into its various elements or actions, describes them, measures and quantifies the ergonomics risk factors. Some analytical methods including OWAS, RULA, REBA, and NLE have been used as tools in quantifying the risk factors. But these traditional methods using worksheet or paper are difficult to explain to participants for performing the job hazard analysis in the field, and take a long time. We develop some software tools to implement the analytical methods using EXCEL programs or computer program. These tools developed in this study are faster and easier to perform the ergonomic job analysis than the traditional methods using worksheet.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.111-151
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• 2003

This study attempted to analize the hazard rate from unemployment and the influncing factors on the rate by regions. The data this study uses is Korea Labor Institute Panal Study(1998-2001) and the models are hazard analysis and Cox model. The results of hazard analysis are as follow. In capital and it's vicinity, the duration of unemployment is shorter than other regions even if the unemployment rate is higher. The labor market segmentation is confirmed between capital and it's vicinity region and other regions. Kyungsang region is higher in the unemployment hazard rate than Chunla or Chungchung regions. The duration of unemployment in capital and it's vicinity is 9.29 months comparing 11.86 months in the other region. The difference is statistically significant by the significance level 0.001. The duration of unemployment in Kyungsang is 6.96 months comparing 10.95 months in Chunla region. The Cox results which indicate the influncing factors on the hazard rate are as follow. In the regions like non-metro cities and non-capital and vicinitiy, the factors such as female, tenure, wage earners, manufacturing, wholesale and retale decrease the hazard rate. The results indicate that active labor market policies region by region are needed in Korea, especially for the marginal unemployed workes from non flourishing sectors.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.21-27
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• 2017

In order to evaluate landslide susceptibility in Yanbian region, this study analyzed 7 factors related to landslide occurrence, such as soil, geology, land use, slope, slope aspect, fault and river by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and calculated the weights of these 7 hazard-induced factors, determined the internal weights and the relative weights between various factors. According to these weights, combining the Remote Sensing technology (RS) with Geographic Information System technology (GIS), the selected area was evaluated by using GIS raster data analysis function, then landslide susceptibility chart was mapped out. The comprehensive analysis of AHP and GIS showed that there has unstable area with the potential risk of sliding in the research area. The result of landslide susceptibility agrees well with the historical landslides, which proves the accuracy of adopted methods and hazard-induced factors.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6369-6373
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• 2013

Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer deaths all over the world and the most important reason for its high rate of death is its belated diagnosis at advanced stages of the disease. Events occur in patients which are regarded not only as themselves factors affecting patients' survival but also which can be affected by other factors. This study was designed and implemented aiming to identify these events and to investigate factors affecting their occurrence. Materials and Methods: Data from 330 patients with gastric cancer undergoing surgery at the Iran Cancer Institute from 1995-1999 were analyzed. The survival time of these patients was determined after surgery and the effects of various factors including demographic, diagnostic and clinical as well as medical, and post-surgical varuiables on the occurrence of death hazard without relapse, hazard of relapse, and death hazard with a relapse were assessed. Results: The median survival time for these patients was 16.3 months and the 5-year survival rate was 21.6%. Based on the results of multi-state model, age and distant metastases affected relapse whereas disease stage, type and extent of surgery, lymph nodes metastases, and number of renewed treatments affected death hazard without relapse. Moreover, age, type and extent of surgery, number of renewed treatments, and liver metastases were identified as factors affecting death hazard in patients with relapse. Conclusions: Most cancer studies pay heed to factors which have effect on death occurrence, but some events occur which should be taken into consideration to better describe the natural process of the disease and provide researchers with more accurate data.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.85-94
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• 2019

Through the survey on the current status of hazardous substances in laboratories, the research institute is designed to establish measures to improve the management of university laboratories and to create a safe laboratory. We intend to explore countermeasures by confirming and reviewing the recognition of the statutes in the "Guidelines for the Implementation of the Laboratory Pre-Hazard Factors Analysis" through the questionnaire. Although there are various parts to create a pleasant environment for a laboratory, the most important part is the role of a laboratory manager in the area where each and every one of the laboratory's directors is the "Act on the Establishment of a Safety Environment in a Laboratory", but if the laboratory is not to be accident-prone, the laboratory's responsibility is to be more secure. This research is intended to be funded by research to reasonably implement" Guidelines for the Implementation of the Laboratory Pre-Hazard Factors Analysis" before applying to universities and to protect field-based research activities and to reasonably reduce safety accident prevention and risk.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.122-129
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• 1997

Spills or leaks of hazardous organic. compounds from underground storage tanks (USTs) are common contaminant sources of soil and groundwater. It would aid in managing USTs to assess and rank the potential environmental hazard posed by the USTs. Therefore, a preliminary hazard ranking system of USTs is developed in this study. The system is combined with GIS and consists of five steps: 1) selection of significant factors, 2) determination of the hierarchy of the factors. 3) determination of the weights, 4) calculation of the potential hazard, and 5) hazard assessment. The system is applied to the gas stations in Kwanak-gu, Seoul. The results indicate that the gas stations can be categorized in three groups as highly hazardous, less highly hazardous, and weakly hazardous. Seven gas stations belong to the highly hazardous group. Through the sensitivity analysis, four stations appear to possess high hazard potentials regardless of weights assigned to the factors. It appears that a user can make flexible application of the hazard ranking system with the user's experience and particular purposes. However, the system still needs validations against field survey data.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.5D
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• pp.627-638
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• 2008

At present, there is a no rational MOE for evaluating hazard level at curve sections. Therefore, this study focus on developing the MOE and algorithm for hazard level at curve sections. The scopes of this study limited to rural two-way roads. Actual data used is accident, geometric features, safety facilities of the selected sites at curve sections. In order to develop MOE for hazard level at curve sections, accident contributing factors were classified by road geometry, visual guidance facility, speed and driver factor. A relationship between the four factors mentioned and accidents was conducted. And, the MOE for hazard level at curve sections was derived from the previous relationship analysis, and the algorithm for hazard level was developed. Finally, worksheets were suggested based on the MOE and algorithm for road designers. These developed MOE and algorithm can be used to reduce serious accident contributing factors when designing roads and also, these will be used to determine an order of priority when reconstructing roads.