• Title/Summary/Keyword: Hardwood species

Search Result 154, Processing Time 0.022 seconds

The Utilization of Naturally Grown Hardwood Timber Trees and Shrubs in Korea (자연생(自然生) 활엽수(闊葉樹)의 경제적(經濟的) 이용(利用)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Shim, Chong-Supp;Lee, Phil-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.10 no.3
    • /
    • pp.196-196
    • /
    • 1982
  • There is a heavy stocked wood volume in the forest of Kang-Won Province compared with the other forests of Korean Provinces. It mainly, however, consists of non-productive and inferior hardwoods and shrubs which grows naturally. -This naturally grown hardwood forest should be cut and reforested with more economical confierous and diciduous tree species by artificial and natural regeneration under the positive government support. This study was carried out to survey the reasonable and economical utilization measures on harvesting wood products when existing hardwood forest should be cut primarily. This is the rust report on the resources and the classification of tree species by the uses of wood growing in the hardwood forest of Kang-Won Province. According to the investigation, 321 hardwood species are growing in this forest, and 141 species of them are extremely not suitable for wood production. The usable species as fuel wood was 180, and these are able to classify into the 22 groups by the uses of wood.

  • PDF

A Chinese Wood Species, Hongmu and Its Characteristics for Identification

  • Fu, Yunlin;Liu, Zhi;Chun, Su-Kyoung
    • Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
    • /
    • v.17 no.2
    • /
    • pp.1-7
    • /
    • 2006
  • A chinese wood species called China Hongmu, is an excellent wood to make high quality furniture owing to attracting color, beautiful grain, and durability. Hongmu is not a tree or wood species name. The general designation in Hongmu group is a similar to one of its density, structure, color and use. Hongmu considers more than 30 hardwood species of Pterocarpus, Dalbergia, Diospyros, Millettia, and Cassia. According to the macrostructural characteristics and properties, Hongmu group can be classified into 8 groups which are Zitanmulei, Hualimulei, Heisuanzhimulei, Hongsuanzhimulei, Xiangzhimulei, Wumulei, Tiaowenwumulei and Jichimulei. In this paper, the growing areas, scientific names and identifiable characteristics of these Hongmu group species were introduced for help to identify China Hongmu and its products in the market as well.

  • PDF

Suitability Analyses of Domestic Hardwoods as Furniture Parts (국산(國産) 활엽수재(闊葉樹材)의 가구부재(家具部材) 이용(利用) 타당성(妥當性) 분석(分析))

  • Kim, Gyu-Hyeok;Kim, Jin-Sung
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.27 no.1
    • /
    • pp.24-29
    • /
    • 1999
  • A model to classify domestic hardwood species for furniture applications was developed by using discriminant analysis. The results indicated that among those 36 domestic hardwoods, which have the desired properties for use in furniture parts, 15 species would possibly substitute for temperate hardwoods imported from North America and 21 species for tropical hardwoods imported from southeast Asia and western Africa.

  • PDF

Computer - Aided Korean Wood Identification (COMPUTER를 이용(利用)한 한국산(韓國産) 목재(木材)의 식별(識別)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Lee, Won-Yong;Chun, Su-Kyoung
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.18 no.2
    • /
    • pp.49-66
    • /
    • 1990
  • In order to identify an unknown wood sample native to Korea. the softwood databases(KSWCHUN; Korean SoftWood CHUN) and the hardwood databases(KHWCHUN; Korean HardWood CHUN) had been built. and the new computer searching programs(IDINEX; IDentification INformation EXpress) has been written in Turbo Pascal(V.5.0) and in Macro Assembly(V.5.0). The characters of the data were based on the 74 features of softwood and on the 148 features of hardwood which are a part of new "IAWA list of microscopic features for hardwood identification" published in 1989. For the purpose of this investigation the wood anatomical nature of 25 species of softwood(13 genera of 5 families) and of 112 species of hardwood(57 genera of 31 families) were observed under a scanning electron microscope and light microscope. and a lot of literature used. The IDINEX programs are based on edge-punched card keys. with several improvements. The maximum number of features in the IDINEX is 229. but that is fixed for a given database. Large numbers of taxa are handled efficiently and new taxa easily added. A search may be based on sequence numbers of features. Comparisons are made sequentially by feature and taxon using the entire suite of features specified to produce the list of possible matching taxa. The results are followings. (1) The databases of Korean wood and the searching programs(IDINEX) had been built. (2) The databases of Korean wood could be an information to search an unknown wood. (3) The databases would be valuable. for the new features, which were not mentioned in Korean wood up to the present. were observed in details. (4) The ultrastructures of the cell walls(warty layer) and crystals observed under a scanning electron microscope will be helpful to search an unknown wood in particular. (5) The searching process is more quick and accurate than the others. 6) We can obtain the information on the differences of a species from the other and search an unknown wood using probability. in IDINEX, (7) The IDINEX will be utilized to identify and classify an animal life, vegetable world, mineral kingdom, and so on.

  • PDF

Species Identification of Wooden Structural Members of the Beomeo Temple

  • Eom, Young Geun;Kim, Hwa Sung;Xu, Guang Zhu
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.33 no.2 s.130
    • /
    • pp.1-7
    • /
    • 2005
  • Tree species of wooden structural members of the Beomeo Temple were identified based on light and scanning electron microscopic characters in the present study. Of 10 structural members, 9 softwoods and 1 hardwood were identified. Among softwood members, 7 belonged to hard pine of the Sylvestris section, and the remaining 2 to hard pine of other than the Sylvestris section and hemlock of the genus Tsuga, respectively. A single hardwood member was identified as white oak of the Prinus section under the subgenus Lepidobalanus.

Field Treatments of Small Diameter Logs Using Sap Displacement Method (I) - Feasibility of Treatment Using Transpiration Method and Butt-end Method - (수액치환법을 이용한 소경재의 산지처리(I) - 증산법과 원구법을 이용한 처리 가능성 -)

  • Chun, Su-Kyoung;Kim, Jae-Jin;Ra, Jong-Bum;Kim, Gyu-Hyeok
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.30 no.4
    • /
    • pp.58-65
    • /
    • 2002
  • This research was carried out to develop field treatment techniques of thinned small diameter softwood logs and less utilized hardwood logs using sap displacement method. In this paper, we report the feasibility of using transpiration method and butt-end method for the treatment of three softwood species and three hardwood species with preservatives, fire-retardant chemicals, and dimensional stabilizer. Butt-end method was effective as a field treatment technique compared to transpiration method when considered the treatability, easiness of treatment, productivity of treated wood, and environmental aspects related to chemical treatment, regardless of the combination of wood species and chemicals.

The Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Exploded Woody Biomass(I) -Effects of Lignin Contents and Cellulose Crystallinity on the Enzymatic Hydrolysis- (폭쇄처리(爆碎處理)된 목질계(木質系) Biomass의 산소가수분해(酸素加水分解)(I) -리그닌의 함량(含量)과 섬유소(纖維素)의 결정화도(結晶化度)가 산소가수분해(酸素加水分解)에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Young-Ki;Oh, Jung-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.21 no.3
    • /
    • pp.53-60
    • /
    • 1993
  • Substrates used were hardwood-Suwon poplar-(Populus alba${\times}$glandulosa L.) and softwood-pitch pine-(Pinus rigida M.). And these substrates were steam exploded then treated with sodium chlorite at 75$^{\circ}C$ with occasional stirring in order to obtain samples which had different lignin contents and crystallinity. And then this resulting samples incubated with a commercial cellulase derived from Trichoderma ressei. The contents of Klason lignin were decreased as the increasing of the ratio of sodium chlorite in the two species. The effect of hardwood was more effective than that of softwood in the same ratio of sodium chlorite. The minimum contents of Klason lignin were 0.8% and 5.1% respectively. And the crystallinities of cellulose were increased very little as increasing of the ratio of sodium clorite. The hydrolysis extent of the two species were increased as the increasing of delignification. Especially, the hydrolysis extent of hardwood was more higher than that of softwood. The maximum hydrolysis extent were 89.8% and 71.1%, respectively.

  • PDF

Dimensional Change of Acetylated Hardwood (아세틸화 활엽수재의 치수변화 특성)

  • 한규성
    • Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
    • /
    • v.11 no.2
    • /
    • pp.79-84
    • /
    • 2000
  • It is well-known fact that dimensional stability of wood is greatly enhanced by acetylation of wood. This dimensional stability results from bulking of the reacted acetate within the cell wall, which reduces further swelling when the modified woods come into contact with water or water vapor. The purpose of this research was to determine the water absorption and dimensional stability of the acetylated solid wood in liquid water and in humidity tests. Beech and red oak were acetylated. Moisture and water absorption of acetylated wood were quite dependent on weight percent gain(WPG). Antiswelling efficiency(ASE) was quite dependent on WPG, but was not dependent on species.

  • PDF

Mass Loss Rates and Nutrient Dynamics of Oak and Mixed-Hardwood Leaf Litters in a Gyebangsan (Mt,) Forest Ecosystem

  • Kim, Choonsig
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
    • /
    • v.26 no.6
    • /
    • pp.335-340
    • /
    • 2003
  • Patterns of mass loss and nutrient release from decomposing oak (Quercus mongolica) and mixed litters (Q. mongolica, Betula schmidtii, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, Kalopanx pictus and Tilia amurensis) in a natural hardwood forest in Gyebangsan (Mt.) were examined using litterbags placed on the forest floor for 869 days. Mass loss rates from decomposing litter were consistently higher in mixed litter (59%) than in oak litter types (52%) during the study period. Nutrient concentrations such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg) from decomposing litter were also higher in mixed litter than in oak litter types. Nutrient concentrations (N, P, Ca, and Mg) increased compared with initial concentration of litter, while K concentrations dropped rapidly at the first 5 months and then stabilized. The results suggest that mas loss and nutrient release obtained from decomposing litter of single species in mixed hardwood forest ecosystem should be applied with caution because of the potential differences of mass loss and nutrient release between single litter and mixed litter types.

Development of the Roundwood Demand Prediction Model

  • Kim, Dong-Jun
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
    • /
    • v.95 no.2
    • /
    • pp.203-208
    • /
    • 2006
  • This study compared the roundwood demand prediction accuracy of econometric and time-series models using Korean data. The roundwood was divided into softwood and hardwood by species. The econometric model of roundwood demand was specified with four explanatory variables; own price, substitute price, gross domestic product, dummy. The time-series model was specified with lagged endogenous variable. The dummy variable reflected the abrupt decrease in roundwood demand in the late 1990's in the case of softwood roundwood, and the boom of plywood export in the late 1970's in the case of hardwood roundwood. On the other hand, the prediction accuracy was estimated on the basis of Residual Mean Square Errors(RMSE). The results showed that the softwood roundwood demand prediction can be performed more accurately by econometric model than by time-series model. However, the hardwood roundwood demand prediction accuracy was similar in the case of using econometric and time-series model.