• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.1438-1443
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• 2007

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Ligustrum lucidum (LL) and Schisandra chinensis (SC) on the growth, antioxidative metabolism and immunity of laying strain male chicks. The results showed that diets supplemented with 1% of either LL or SC had no effects on the growth performance of chicks compared with the control. Furthermore, both LL and SC significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration of serum and heart of chicks (p<0.05). In addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of serum of the birds was significantly elevated by supplementation with SC (p<0.05). Glutathione reductase (GR) activity of heart and serum of the birds was significantly elevated by supplementation with LL or SC (p<0.05). LL supplementation significantly elevated antibody values against Newcastle Disease virus (NDV)(p<0.05) and lymphoblastogenesis (p<0.05) of the birds. The results suggest that diets supplemented with 1% of either LL or SC may improve immune function and antioxidant status of chicks.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.18
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• pp.7775-7780
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• 2014

This paper addresses cancer prediction based on radial basis function neural network optimized by particle swarm optimization. Today, cancer hazard to people is increasing, and it is often difficult to cure cancer. The occurrence of cancer can be predicted by the method of the computer so that people can take timely and effective measures to prevent the occurrence of cancer. In this paper, the occurrence of cancer is predicted by the means of Radial Basis Function Neural Network Optimized by Particle Swarm Optimization. The neural network parameters to be optimized include the weight vector between network hidden layer and output layer, and the threshold of output layer neurons. The experimental data were obtained from the Wisconsin breast cancer database. A total of 12 experiments were done by setting 12 different sets of experimental result reliability. The findings show that the method can improve the accuracy, reliability and stability of cancer prediction greatly and effectively.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.6
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• pp.265-291
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• 2004

The main purpose of this paper Is to analyze the characteristics of the Korean language used as a major communication means within the Korean community in Chenguoz District of Harbin, Heirungjiang Province, China, in terms of its phonology, morphology and syntax. The study focuses on how a variety of languages and dialects including Chinese, the Standard Chinese Korean adopted as a means of teaching in Korean schools, and Kyongsang Dialect of Korean have influenced the language of the community. It also deals as background information with the history of the community, the attitude of the community members toward Korean and Chinese, and their proficiencies of Korean and Chinese, to obtain the general picture of the bilingualism of this community. This specific region was studied since this region and most of the Korean communities in the Heirungjiang province were formed by descendents of the immigrants from the southern provinces of the Korean Peninsula, which allows the comparison between the language used today and the language their ancestors used before moving to this area. Due to the industrialization and innovation brought about by the opening of the Chinese society, the fast outward flow of youths to urban areas, and greater assimilation threats from the embedding Chinese culture, we are not too sure if the Korean language will continue to be used in the future. Given these circumstances, we consider this research most opportune in that it provides a look into the Korean community that developed its distinctive culture and language within an isolated cultural environment.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.6
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• pp.241-263
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• 2004

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of the Korean language used as a major communication means within the Korean community in Chenguoz District of Harbin, Heirungjiang Province, China, in terms of its phonology, morphology and syntax. The study focuses on how a variety of languages and dialects including Chinese, the Standard Chinese Korean adopted as a means of teaching in Korean schools, and Kyongsang Dialect of Korean have influenced the language of the community It also deals as background information with the history of the community, the attitude of the community members toward Korean and Chinese, and their proficiencies of Korean and Chinese, to obtain the general picture of the bilingualism of this community This specific region was studied since this region and most of the Korean communities in the Heirungjiang province were formed by descendents of the immigrants from the southern provinces of the Korean Peninsula, which allows the comparison between the language used today and the language their ancestors used before moving to this area. Due to the industrialization and innovation brought about by the opening of the Chinese society, the fast outward flow of youths to urban areas, and greater assimilation threats from the embedding Chinese culture, we are not too sure if the Korean language will continue to be used in the future. Given these circumstances, we consider this research most opportune in that it provides a look into the Korean community that developed its distinctive culture and tanguage within an isolated cultural environment.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.423-433
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• 2016

In this paper, we consider the cybersecurity issue of ship information system (SIS) from a new perspective which is called opacity. For a SIS, its confidential information (named as "secret") may be leaked through the working behaviors of each Distributed Control Unit (DCU) from an outside observer called an "intruder" which is able to determine ship's mission state by detecting the source of each data flow from the corresponding DCUs in SIS. Therefore we proposed a dual layer mechanism to enforce opacity by activating non-essential DCU during secret mission. This mechanism is calculated by two types of insertion functions: Safety-assured insertion function ($f_{IS}$) and Admissibility-assured insertion function ($f_{IA}$). Due to different objectives, $f_{IS}$ is designed to confuse intruder by constructing a non-secret behaviors from a unsafe one, and the division of $f_{IA}$ is to polish the modified output behaviors back to normal. We define the property of "$I_2$-Enforceability" that dual layer insertion functions has the ability to enforce opacity. By a given mission map of SIS and the marked secret missions, we propose an algorithm to select $f_{IS}$ and compute its matchable $f_{IA}$ and then the DCUs which should be activated to release non-essential data flow in each step is calculable.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.44 no.7
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• pp.755-766
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• 2012

A Binary Decision Diagram (BDD) is a graph-based data structure that calculates an exact top event probability (TEP). It has been a very difficult task to develop an efficient BDD algorithm that can solve a large problem since its memory consumption is very high. Recently, in order to solve a large reliability problem within limited computational resources, Jung presented an efficient method to maintain a small BDD size by a BDD truncation during a BDD calculation. In this paper, it is first identified that Jung's BDD truncation algorithm can be improved for a more practical use. Then, a more efficient truncation algorithm is proposed in this paper, which can generate truncated BDD with smaller size and approximate TEP with smaller truncation error. Empirical results showed this new algorithm uses slightly less running time and slightly more storage usage than Jung's algorithm. It was also found, that designing a truncation algorithm with ideal features for every possible fault tree is very difficult, if not impossible. The so-called ideal features of this paper would be that with the decrease of truncation limits, the size of truncated BDD converges to the size of exact BDD, but should never be larger than exact BDD.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.9_10 s.146
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• pp.1241-1252
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• 2005

This study tried to compare and analyze the body measurements of female adults in China by various age groups. As for the study method, direct and anthropometric measurements were used on the 357 female subjects living in Yenbien and Harbin, China, consisting of 122 women in their 20's, 114 women in their 40's, and 121 women in their 60's. The results were as follows: 1. The comparison of major body measurements between Korean Chinese and Korean in land indicated that the former were shorter and plumper than the latter. Those groups in their 60's did not show any significant difference in height related measurements and revealed less differences in body measurements comparing to other age groups. 2 The comparison of Chinese anthropometric measurements among age groups of Korean Chinese indicated that, higher the age, shorter the height measurements, the leg length shorter, the upper-half body length longer, and the chest drooping due to the breast descent. 3. The comparison of indirect measurements among age groups of Koreans Chinese indicated that those in their 60's showed many items of big discrepancies in comparison with those in their 20's or 40's, with wide gap in discrepancies, thus resulting in large differences among individuals.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.8 s.210
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• pp.37-54
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to provide basic information about the acculturation of Korean immigrants in China. A total of 459 Korean-Chinese from yanbian province, China and 768 Korean-Chinese from the city of Shenyang and Martin, China participated in this study. The subjects were asked about their language use during daily conversations and cultural activities using. The Cultural Life Style Inventory. Result indicated that overall Korean immigrants in China maintain their ethnic identity, ethnic language and culture. However, there were some differences in their levels of acculturation depending on the area they live and their educational levels. The differences were explained in part by the uniqueness of Yanbian province and a new policy for ethnic minorities in China. This study suggests that not only immigrants' demographic variables but also their ecological variables are important in understanding the acculturation of Korean immigrants in China.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.459-467
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• 2020

Mechanical and thermal properties of composite sandwich wall panels are affected by changes in their external environment. Humidity and temperature changes induce stress on wall panels and their core connectors. Under the action of ambient temperature, temperature on the outer layer of the wall panel changes greatly, while that on the inner layer only changes slightly. As a result, stress concentration exists at the intersection of the connector and the wall blade. In this paper, temperature field and stress field distribution of UHPC-RW-RC (Ultra-High Performance Concrete - Rock Wool - Reinforced Concrete) wall panel under high temperature-sprinkling and heating-freezing conditions were investigated by using the general finite element software ABAQUS. Additionally, design of the connection between the wall panel and the main structure is proposed. Findings may serve as a scientific reference for design of high performance composite sandwich wall panels.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.13
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• pp.5161-5166
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• 2014

Our aim was to access the association between recreational physical activity (RPA) and risk of ovarian cancer (OC). The studies were retrieved from the PubMed and Embase databases up to February 20th, 2014. Risk ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate effect sizes. Random-effects or fixed-effects models were used to pool the data. The trim and fill method was applied for sensitivity analysis. Begg's rank correlation test and Egger's regression asymmetry test were employed to assess the publication bias. A total of 6 studies (435398 participants including 2983 OC patients) were included in this meta-analysis. The overall estimate indicated that there was weakly inverse association between RPA and OC risk (RR=0.90, 95%CI: 0.72-1.12, p=0.335). Meanwhile, for prospective cohort studies, a result consistent with the overall estimate was obtained (RR=1.12, 95% CI: 0.88-1.42, p=0.356). However, for case control studies, the pooled estimate of RR was 0.76 (95%CI: 0.64-0.90, p=0.002), indicating a clear significant association between RPA and OC risk. In addition, the sensitivity analysis indicated a significant link between RPA and risk of OC after removing Lahmann's study (RR=0.80, 95% CI: 0.68-0.93, p=0.004). No significant publication bias was found (Begg's test: p=1.00; Egger's test: p=0.817). In conclusion, our meta-analysis indicated a weakly inverse relationship between RPA and the occurrence of OC.