• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.87-96
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• 2003

This study explores aesthetics and materials used in domestic and international hanger designs from 1850 to 2003. At the second half of the nineteenth century, most hangers were handmade and made of wood and metal. At the first half of the twentieth century, such diverse materials as paper, plastics, and leather began to use other than such typical materials as wood and metal at the previous decades. However, from the second half of the twentieth century the use of different types of plastics led to artistic abnormal shapes within typical triangular types. Moreover, this study also examines hangers by its functions: primary, portable, and multi-functional types.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.26-31
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• 2007

Hanji is a traditional Korean handmade paper, which has been known in ancient Far East as excellent quality calligraphic paper for more than 1,500 year. Hanji is mostly made of Korean paper mulberry bast fibers, and if properly processed, normally lasts for more than 1,000 years with significant strength and still recognizable calligraphic writings or drawings on it. Dochim is a special way of Hanji calendering process, but is turned out to be quite different from modern calendering (machine calendering) in several aspects. In Dochim process, mechanical impacts were applied vertically to the surface of papers. Compared to the modern calendering, Dochim increased paper gloss much more, but paper smoothness a little less. By the Dochim process, densification occurred and the degree of densification was more sensitive to the fiber type in the Dochim process than in the calendering method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.30
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• pp.227-237
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to investigate the main characteristics of the environmentalism expressed in contemporary fashion. i.e. 'eco-look'. They can be categorized into naturalism symbolism primitiveness and concern about recycling. First naturalistic tendency can be found in through the method of some contemporary eco-looks which are using natural colors harmonisation of the colors in similarity and in controst and expressing in a realistic manner some natural entities or use some ornaments representing them. Such trends easily let people to feel the clothes unified with the nature and human beings. Secondly some contemporary eco-looks express environmentalistic ideas for examples the idea for protection of the nature or the idea against pollution of the earth and destruction of nature in a symbolistic way. Thirdly primitiveness is one of the most characteristic feature in contemporary eco-looks. It can be found in contemporary eco-looks, In can be found in some eco-looks using primitive or original images of Africa and underdeveloped countries. it reflects the human desire to go back to the nature or to the unity with the nature, Finally recycled materials are commonly used in eco-look. Patchwork and handmade knits are popular methods for this mode. They implicates the idea of pragmatism and simplicity in fashion. One Conclusion of the paper on eco-look: fashion design which can be itself an import-ant environment of human beings Secondly some contemporary eco-looks ex-press environmentalistic ideas for examples the idea for protection of the nature or the idea against pollution of the earth and destruction of nature in a symbolistic way. Thirdly primitiveness is one of the most characteristic feature in contemporary eco-looks. It can be found in some eco-looks using primitive or original images of Africa and underdeveloped countries. it reflects the human desire to go back to the nature or to the unity with the nature. Finally recycled materials are commonly used In eco-look Patchwork and handmade knits are popular methods for this mode. They implicates the idea of pragmatism and simplicity in fashion. One Conclusion of the paper on eco-look ; fashion design which can be itself an import-ant environment of human beings has become a very efficient and significant tool to express the idea of ecology.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.83-89
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• 1999

Bast fibers of paper mulberry ( Broussonetia Kazinoki Sieb) were cooked with a weak alkaline salt, potassium carbonate which has been known as a major inorganic component of the traditional lye, and its cooking characteristics were investigated . The bast fiber was easily cooked by potassium carbonate. The pulp yield was rapidly decreased up to 20-30 mol of potassium carbonate, but the Kappa number was slowly decreased with increasing of potassium carbonate. The potassium carbonate pulps were easily defibered at low cooking chemical charge of 25mm on and high pulp yield of about 80%. These results were confirmed that pectin was easily removed during the potassium carbonate cooking. In contrast, when sodium carbonate was used as a cooling agent, the bast fiber was only partially defibered. Thus, sodium carbonate was a less effective cooling chemical of the bast fiber. The results of this experiment indicated that potassium carbonate could not only be used as a good cooling agent of bast fiber, but also as an alternative agent of sodium hydroxide.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.35-41
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• 2001

A newly developed functional fiber for textile, Tencel, which is known to have some advantages over wood fiber such as fibrillation, absorbency and so on, was examined to see the possibility of a raw material for hanji. Hanji was manufactured by the conventional handmade method using Tencel of three different fiber lengths with three different levels of mixing ratio of Tencel and paper mullberry fiber, and their physical and calligraphic properties were evaluated and compared with one another. It was needed to develop more efficient beating methods than conventional one such as valley beating for Tencel to be used effectively as a raw material for hanji. It was found out by image analysis that the calligraphic properties of hanji could be improved by mixing of 10 to 20% of Tencel of relatively short-length fiber with paper mulberry.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.89-94
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• 1999

The inorganic compositions of traditional lye, and lyes prepared from the stalks of five different agricultural products: beans, wheat, barley, buckwheat and red peppers, were analyzed. Traditional lye was composed mainly of a weak alkaline salt, potassium carbonate as the major component and neutral salts, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate as minor components. The ash and lye contents of buckwheat have significantly higher then those of the rest agricultgural products. Bean and red pepper stalks lyes were composed mainly of potassium carbonate, similar to the composition of traditional lye, but also contained potassium chloride or sulfate. In contrast, postassium chloride was the major component of wheat and barley stalk lye.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.203-210
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• 2023

The addition of traditional elements can enhance the uniqueness of visual communication design. This paper briefly introduced visual communication and applications of traditional elements in visual communication design and applied paper cuts, a handmade graphic element, to the logo design of Dezhou University's 50th anniversary. The convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm and the analytic hierarchy process method were applied to evaluation analysis and compared with the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. The results of the CNN algorithm on the test set verified its effectiveness. The evaluation results of the CNN algorithm were similar to the manual evaluation results, further proving the effectiveness and high efficiency of the CNN algorithm. The hierarchical analysis and the analysis of the assessment results of the CNN algorithm found that the two logo designs made full use of paper cuts.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.33-37
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• 2009

Hanji is a traditional Korean handmade paper, made of bast fibers of the paper mulberry. Its fiber furnish is much more expensive than wood fiber furnish. Hanji with a low basis weight requires additional opacity and smoothness for better writing and printing. Filler such as calcium carbonate can not be used to raise the opacity of Hanji because of its low retention in low basis weight paper and the high freeness of the Hanji fiber furnish. Addition of red algae pulp, which is prepared from marine red algae to the Hanji fiber furnish negated retention problems happening in the case of mineral filler addition, and produced a substantial improvement in the opacity and smoothness of Hanji. The higher retention was due to the much larger size of the red algae fibers compared to the mineral fillers. The improvement in opacity and smoothness were also due to the shape of the red algae fibers: that red algae fibers are narrower in widths and shorter in lengths than wood fibers results in increased surface area and smoothness.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.28-34
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• 2001

Korea traditional handmade paper, Hanji, has been known for more than thousand years for its high strength, high whiteness, high gloss, good ink reception and long lasting quality. Main component fiber of the Hanji is called 'Dak', which is the bast fiber of the Korea paper mulberry ($\textit{Broussonetia kazinoki}$). Dak has long fiber length, and high cellulose DP, if processed properly. The quality of Hanji is partly from the superior quality of Dak over wood fiber, and partly from the traditional papermaking process. The traditional papermaking process includes pulping, bleaching, refining, use of natural polymer, and sheet making process. Every traditional process has its special role. Comparisons between the modern papermaking technology and the traditional process were made in this study. The traditional process effectively protected cellulose DP in pulping and bleaching process, protected fiber length in refining process, and developed the high strength in the sheet forming process over the modern papermaking process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 1996.06b
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• pp.107-114
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• 1996

This paper describes an information retrieval system which offers real time information about mobile vehicles through the Internet. In order to evaluate the efficiency of solar batteries and feasibility of electric vehicles, four crews of Tokyo Denki University made a round trip through the North American Continent by their handmade solar electric vehicles last summer. In accordance with this project, an information retrieval system which offers the daily drive information through the Internet to the public was constructed. The system configuration and operating results of this system are reported.