• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.121-132
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• 2004

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a breast feeding program for mothers of premature infants. The program was applied and its effect was evaluated on stress, knowledge and breastfeeding behaviors of premature infant mothers. Method: This study employed a one group pre- and post-test quasi-experimental design. The data were collected from 17 participants from August 15 to October 24, 2004, at a N1CU at D University Medical Center located in Susan, Korea. Data were analyzed by means of frequency, SD, and t-test using SPSS version 10. Result: After the program, participants significantly showed a greater level of knowledge than before the program (t=-5.750, p=.000). No statistically significant differences in stress level scores were found (t=1.453, p=.153). The breastfeeding practice rate was 94.1%: Conclusion: This educational program using a handbook and video had a positive effect on increasing knowledge and practice of breastfeeding among premature infant mothers. It is suggested that this study be replicated with a larger sample size to compare group responses.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.446-451
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• 2007

Since the introduction of advanced composite materials for use in aircraft, the material qualification has been a costly burden to the small airframe manufacturer. For each manufacturer, extensive qualification testing has often been performed to develop the base material properties and allowables at operating environmental conditions, regardless of whether this material system had been previously certificated by other manufacturers. In recent years, NASA, industry, and the FAA have worked together to develop a cost-effective method of qualifying composite material systems by the sharing of a central material qualification database. In this paper, the new methodology of composite material qualification is presented and material allowable of 350°F carbon fiber/epoxy composite material produced domestically is determined with this methodology.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 2011

Environment Conversion Factors, which are stipulated in System Reliability Toolkit, have a lot of advantages once applied in a reliability data handbook such as NPRD-95, during the process of reliability prediction. However, the factors have a restriction in their applications because they don't deal with a few environments, e.g., Missile Launch (ML). In this study, environment factors of various components from MIL-HDBK-217F were analyzed to address this problem. Statistical computations showed that converting from Airborne Rotary Wing (ARW) to Missile Launch (ML) was the most coherent by comparing coefficient of determination. In addition, conversion factors from System Reliability Toolkit and those from the statistical calculations were evaluated in terms of their similarities.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 1998.09a
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• pp.70-75
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• 1998

The comparison of Topex/Poseidon sea surface heights and Tide Gauge sea levels was studied in the South Indian Ocean after Topex/Poseidon mission of about 3 years (11- 121 cycles) from January 1993 through December 1995. The user's handbook (AVISO) for sea surface height data process was used in this study Topex/Poseidon sea suface heights ($\zeta$$^{T/P}$), satellite data at the point which is very closed to Tide Gauge station, were chosen in the same latitude of Tide Gauge station. These data were re-sampled by a linear interpolation with the interval of about 10 days, and were filtered by the gaussian filter with a 60 day-window. Tide Gauge sea levels ($\zeta$$^{Argos}$, $\zeta$$^{In-situ}$ and $\zeta$$^{Model}$), were also treated with the same method as satellite data. The main conclusions obtained from the root-mean-square and correlation coefficient were as follows: 1) to Produce Tide Gauge sea levels from bottom pressure, in-situ data of METEO-FRANCE showed very good values against to the model data of ECMWF and 2) to compare Topex/Poseidon sea surface heights of Tide Gauge sea levels, the results of the open sea areas were better than those of the coast and island areas.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.646-655
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• 1990

A practically useful system for elastic-plastic fracture mechanics analysis has been developed. The developed system is comprised of the deformation plasticity failure assessment diagram(DPFAD) approach and the J-integral/Tearing modulus(J/T) approach. The system contains analysis routines for five types of fracture specimens : compact tension, center cracked tension, single edge craked plate in uniform tension, single edge cracked plate in three point bending and double edge cracked plate in tension. A double interpolation scheme was adopted to interpolate J values from the EPRI developed EPFM handbook and the Newton-Raphson method was used to obtain proper loadings for displacement control conditions. A graphic output system was utilized to present numerical results. Several case studies were performed to evaluate the accuracy and the usefulness of the code. It was found that the J/T approach and the DPFAD approach yielded similar results. However, the DPFAD approach is more convenient for qick assessment of integrity of cracked structures while the J/T approach is more useful in evaluating the full history of the fracture process.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.576-580
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• 2010

NRCS의 유출곡선지수 산정법(CN; Runoff Curve Number method)은 유역내의 토지 이용 및 토지 피복, 토양특성, 수문학적 조건 등을 이용하여 총 강우량으로부터 유효 유출량을 계산하는 방법으로서 이론의 간편성과 적용성으로 인하여 여러 분야에 적용되고 있다. 그러나, 유출곡선지수의 특성상 지역적인 특성에 따라 차이가 발생할 수 밖에 없음에도 국내에서는 대부분 미국 NEH(National Engineering Handbook)에서 제시한 기준을 이용하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 대하여 본 연구에서는 국내 유역의 강우-유출 특성을 반영한 유출곡선지수를 산정하고 강우에 따른 직접 유출량을 모의하기 위한 방법을 연구하였다. 이를 위하여 보청천 유역의 관측 강우-유출 자료에 Hawkins et al(1993)등이 제시한 점근 유출곡선지수방법을 적용하고 이를 국가수자원관리종합정보시스템(WAMIS)에서 제시한 값과 비교하였다. 또한 유역의 대표 유출곡선지수에 대한 회귀식을 유도하고 이를 이용하여 보청천 유역의 하계 유출을 모의하고 그 결과를 비교 분석 하였다. 연구결과 대표 유출곡선지수식을 이용한 유역의 직접유출 모의결과가 단일 유출곡선지수시의 모의결과보다 더 우수한 결과를 나타내었다.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.274-284
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and characteristics of health care programs for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Korea. Methods: This study was conducted according to the Cochrane Collaboration's systematic literature review handbook and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guideline. We searched eight international and domestic electronic databases for relevant studies. Two reviewers independently selected the studies and extracted data. For each study, information on the research method, participants, characteristics of the program, and results were extracted using a previously established coding table. The National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency's risk of bias assessment tool for non-randomized studies was used to assess the risk of bias of the included articles. A qualitative review of the selected studies was performed because the interventions differed considerably and the measured outcomes varied. Results: Out of 128 initially identified papers, seven were included in the final analysis. The risk of bias was evaluated as generally low. Health care programs for pregnant women with GDM showed positive effects on blood glucose control. Anxiety and depression were reduced, and self-management and self-care behavior, self-efficacy, and maternal identity improved. Conclusion: Our study provides clinical evidence for the effectiveness of health care programs for pregnant women with GDM, and its results can be used to support the development of health care programs for GDM. More well-designed research is needed on GDM, especially studies that deal with emotional stress and apply a family-oriented approach.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.206-214
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• 2017

In this study, measurement of thermophysical properties of materials at high temperatures was performed. This experiment employed a heater device to heat the material to a high temperature. The images of the specimen surface due to thermal load at various temperatures were recorded using charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras. Afterwards, the full-field thermal deformation of the specimen was determined using the digital image correlation (DIC) method. The capability and accuracy of the proposed technique are verified by two experiments: (1) thermal deformation and strain measurement of a stainless steel specimen that was heated to $590^{\circ}C$ and (2) thermal expansion and thermal contraction measurements of specimen in the process of heating and cooling. This research focused on two goals: first, obtaining the temperature dependence of the coefficient of thermal expansion, which can be used as data input for finite element simulation; and second, investigating the capability of the DIC method in measuring full-field thermal deformation and strain. The results of the measured coefficient of thermal expansion were close to the values available in the handbook. The measurement results were in good agreement with finite element method simulation results. The results reveal that DIC is an effective and accurate technique for measuring full-field high-temperature thermal strain in engineering fields such as aerospace engineering.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.114-128
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• 2013

Greenhouse gas emissions have been an important issue in different countries because of their effects on global warming. The government has to organize greenhouse gas reduction measures suitable to regional characteristics by establishing annual implementation plans and comprehensive policies based on the UNFCCC. The transportation sector is one of the major contributors of air pollution; hence increasing need to estimate current and future traffic emissions precisely. Under these circumstances, a number of emission models have been developed recently. However, current methods of estimation cannot carry out effective analyses because it does not reflect vehicle movement characteristics. This study aims to present a new method for calculating road traffic emissions in Goyang city. A travel demand model is utilized to carry out GHG emission estimates according the traffic data (fleet composition, vehicle kilometers travelled, traffic intensity, road type, emission factors and speed). This study evaluates two approaches to estimate the road traffic emissions in Goyang City: Pollution-Emis and the Handbook of Emission Factors for Road Transport (HBEFA v.3.1) which is representative of the "average speed" and the "traffic situation" model types. The evaluation of results shows that the proposed emission estimation method may be a good practice if vigilant implementation of model inputs is observed.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.351-358
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• 2013

In the electric power supplying industry, outdoor sealing end (pothead) is used and sometimes it is necessary to check the seismic qualification analysis or test which is intended to demonstrate that the equipment have adequate integrity to withstand stress of the specified seismic event and still performs their function. And since the pothead is mounted on the supporting jig, the avoidance of resonance between the pothead and jig is required. In order to design jig, three types of optimization are performed to get the minimum weight while satisfying the natural frequency constraint using ANSYS. Optimal array, position and thickness of truss members of the jig are obtained through topology, shape and sizing optimization process, respectively. And seismic analysis of the pothead on the jig for given RRS acceleration computes the displacement and stress of the pothead which shows the safety of the pothead. The obtained natural frequency, mass, and member thickness of the jig are compared with those of the reference jig which was used for seismic experimental test. The numerical results of the jig in the research is more optimized than the jig used in the experimental test.