• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1-10
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• 2008

Public interest in healthy hairs gets growing as damaged hairs are seen more frequently with the generalization of heat permanent waves. For this study, experiments have been conducted to understand the influences on the changes in physical and morphological features of wave forms and damaged hairs, by collecting virgin hairs from the women in their mid-20's, who had not experienced chemical applications, and by dividing the applications of heat perm hair treatments, PPT(for pre-treatment) and LPP(for post-treatment), into the pre-treatment, the post-treatment, the pre & post-treatment, and the non-treatment. For the wave formations, curl waves were investigated by the bare eyes using the pictures taken by a digital camera. For the comparison of physical features, the experiments of tensile strength and elongation were done and their mean values were found. For the observations of morphological features, the pictures were taken by SEM for comparison. As for the findings, regarding the curl wave shapes of hairs, the most even and elastic S curl was formed in the case of non-treatment. In the physical features, both of the tensile strength and elongation showed a decreasing tendency in line with the hair damage levels, and the case of the pre & post-treatment indicated the tendency most similar to the control group. In the morphological features of the cuticle, observed with an SEM, the pre-treatment showed the higher possibility of reducing the cuticle damages than the post-treatment did. LPP was found to play the role of protective membrane for the post-treatment, and the pre & post-treatment turned out to reduce most effectively the cuticle damages.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.471-478
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• 2022

This study attempted to find out the improvement effect the improvement effect of Babassu oil on damaged hair by damaged hair by applying a hair-improving formulation with Babassu oil to damaged hair after manufacturing. As the experimental raw material, the contents of babassu oil were changed to 0 g, 3 g 6 g, and 9 g and added to the perm base agent. The prepared formulation was applied to 8 levels of bleached sample hair. Each sample and damaged hair were measured and compared and analyzed. As for the measurement method, tensile strength, absorbance using methylene blue, and gloss were measured to know the effect of improving damage hair Statistical analysis was conducted for the reliability of the research results. As a result of the research, it was found that the tensile strength was higher than that of the damaged hair in all samples applied by adding babassu oil. As a result of absorbance analysis using methylene blue, it was found that absorbance was decreased in all samples compared to damaged hair. As a result of the gloss measurement, it was found that the gloss was increased in all samples compared to the damaged hair. In conclusion, it was found that babassu oil had an improvement effect on damaged hair.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.141-146
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• 1990

The skin is related the lung as follows ; 1. The lung control skin and give a nutrition to skin. The skin and hair 'hab' (合) the lung. 2. As a damage of lung is a damage of skin, skin and hair 'chi-lag' (聚落) 3. A defensive energy of lung give a nutrition to skin, and strengthen the body surface. 4. Dryness damage the lung, and so damage the skin. According to the above findings, we know the body surface are closely related to the lung functionally.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.641-649
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• 2005

This study is to make pH 9 reduction by adding NaOH to 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11% solution of thioglycollic acid, cysteine, cysteamin, to add it on helically winded natural hair and colored hair and leave them for 20, 40, 60 minutes, to add $NaBrO_3$ oxidant for 15 minutes and to compare and analyze the wave form. This study showed the results of permanent using thioglycollic acid, cysteine, cysteamin. In the permanent wave form according to the kind of reductant, concentration, and processing time, there were a little difference between thioglycollic acid and cysteine. But cysteamine not only showed apparent difference but also formed strong and elastic wave. The permanent wave is affected by the diagonosis of hair, the choice of permanent solution and the processing time. Therefore the scientific diagonosis of hair is to be considered first of all. By choosing the kind of solution, the concentration and the processing time according to the results of hair diagonosis and wave form, we can prevent the lengthening and damage of hair.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.393-396
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to suggest the knowledge and scientific information of the damage and improvement according to hair coloring manipulation. The study investigated variations of mechanical, nourishment(amino acid cystine) shape of cuticle characteristics according to hair coloring during 40, 50 minute. The results were as follows; Tensile strength was decreased variations of 6.62%, 13.68%, extension rate was increased variations of 10.58%, 12.28%, thickness was increased variations of 9.15%, 15.64% in 40 min. and 50 min. hair coloring. Content of amino acid cystine was lowered variations of 23.00%, 30.49% according to time of manipulation. A shape of cuticles was disfigured and brocken by reason of hair coloring manipulation.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.120-131
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• 2006

Recently, it has been reported that chemical hair coloring can cause allergic reactions, the toxicity issue of chemical hair color was issued. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in the hair coloration technique using non-toxic and bio-compatible hair color gotten from natural resource. In this study, the possibility using fermented Indigo as natural hair coloring agent was investigated. Bleached hair samples were dyed using Indigo, and the effect of dyeing frequency, the physical change after dyeing, color, surface and cross-section characteristics, and tensile property were also studied. In addition, the protection property of cationic detergent finishing on damaged hair samples were also studied. The following conclusions are made; 1. While bleached hair samples with low value showed the negligible effect of repeated dyeing, bleached hair samples with high value showed the good effect of repeated dyeing. 2. Hair sample dyed with Indigo showed a high light-fastness, however, tensile strength and elongation showed very low values (high damage on hair sample). 3. Cationic detergent finishing did not affect on the colorfastness because of decoloration after dyeing, however, it increased the smoothness of hair sample, and therefore, can use as protectant of damaged hair. 4. Hair scale was damaged after dyeing. It seemed that the alkali, potassium carbonate, increased pH of dyeing bath to 11, as a result, the hair was swollen, weaken, and dissolved on the prolonged dyeing time. Dyed hair sample became stiff and fine. 5. The color difference was 4.62 (a high fastness value) in the test of sunlight exposure, shampoo, cationic detergent finishing, and acid perspiration fastness.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.221-228
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• 2021

In this work, the post-treatment using organic acids during hair dyeing process was used to maintain hair color and to decrease hair damage. The effect of post-treatment using succinic acid and tartaric acid during hair dyeing process with cherry red and blue silver color on the persistence of hair color, tensile strength of hair, hair porosity, and surface characteristics of hair was investigated. After the repeated shampooing process, the experimental group with succinic acid and tartaric acid could more efficiently maintain the hair color than control group. The experimental group with succinic acid and tartaric acid could also increase the tensile strength of hair, decrease the hair porosity, and smoothen the hair surface, compared with control group. Particularly, tartaric acid was able to maintain the color of the dyed hair and protect the hair with higher efficiency than succinic acid.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.279-291
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• 2021

Hair loss is one of the most common chronic diseases, with a detrimental effect on a patient's psychosocial life. Hair loss results from damage to the hair follicle (HF) and/or hair regeneration cycle. Various damaging factors, such as hereditary, inflammation, and aging, impair hair regeneration by inhibiting the activation of hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) and dermal papilla cells (DPCs). Formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) regulates the inflammatory response and the activity of various types of stem cells, and has recently been reported to have a protective effect on hair loss. Given that stem cell activity is the driving force for hair regeneration, we hypothesized that FPR2 influences hair regeneration by mediating HFSC activity. To prove this hypothesis, we investigated the role of FPR2 in hair regeneration using Fpr2 knockout (KO) mice. Fpr2 KO mice were found to have excessive hair loss and abnormal HF structures and skin layer construction compared to wild-type (WT) mice. The levels of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and β-catenin, which promote HF regeneration, were significantly decreased, and the expression of bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp)2/4, an inhibitor of the anagen phase, was significantly increased in Fpr2 KO mice compared to WT mice. The proliferation of HFSCs and DPCs was significantly lower in Fpr2 KO mice than in WT mice. These findings demonstrate that FPR2 impacts signaling molecules that regulate HF regeneration, and is involved in the proliferation of HFSCs and DPCs, exerting a protective effect on hair loss.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.212-219
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• 2021

The current study aimed to find the effects of hair treatment with shea butter on bleached hair and hair protection. The agent for hair treatment with shea butter was developed in different concentration levels (0%,1%,3%,5%) for experimentation. After applying the agent to bleached hair, hair samples were evaluated as follows. Increase in hair thickness was highest in the hair sample that had 5% of shea butter. The amount of amino acids was also highest in the hair sample that contained 5% of shea butter. Comparing the difference of the surface color, hair sample with 5% of shea butter showed low level of L⁎ while the level of a⁎ value that reflects the redness was high and the level of b⁎ value that reflects yellowness was low. Observation through the scanning microscope confirmed the positive effects by showing smoother surfaces in the sample with shea butter than in the bleached hair. This study showed shea butter is considered to be cosmetics to protect damaged hair by bleaching.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.287-294
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• 2013

Stained and discolored hair will be damaged by the shampooing, daily UV disposal, and the use of hair dryer. Thus many studies about the effect of various natural substances on the re-secure the skin and scalp are recently reported. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of green tea (Camelloia sinensis) seed oil on colored (dyed) and decolored (bleached) hair. The beneficial effects of green tea seed oil are already well known, but little research has been done about the hair treatment and fade-resistant effect. Dyed and bleached hair was pretreated with green tea seed oil to determine the tensile strength and elongation of the hair, to analyze the hair surface using SEM, and to compare the color fade using spectrocolormeter. The results showed that the tensile strength increased with green tea seed oil pretreatment samples for virgin, dyed, and bleached hairs. Elongation showed the reverse results showing the presence of hair treatment effect. The results of the surface pre-treatment in all groups analyzed by SEM, the hair cuticle became sharper, so coating effect were identified with all samples. The value of the $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$ decreased with washed hairs damaged by UV irradiation and the values were decreased also in dyed and bleached hair. In summary, green tea seed oil prevent reinjury to the heat and UV rays for colored and decolored hairs. Cosmetic practice effects of the oil were identified in the field to be appropriate to the customer's skin and scalp that natural cosmetic oils would like to offer.