• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.760-767
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• 2014

This paper proposes a method to calculate pressure and flow of the fluid dynamic bearings (FDBs) with a recirculation channel (RC) by solving the Reynolds and the Hagen-Poiseuille equations at the same time. The Hagen-Poiseuille equation is one-dimensional equation which describes the flow in a circular pipe such as the RC. This research developed a finite element program to solve the Reynolds and the Hagen-Poiseuille equation together. The proposed method was applied to calculate the pressure and flow of the FDBs which are composed of grooved or plain journal and thrust bearings, and RC. To verify the proposed method, it also developed a finite volume model of the FDBs, and pressure and flow were calculated by the commercial CFD solver. They agree well with the pressure and flow calculated by the proposed method. Finally, this research investigated the characteristics of the FDBs due to the radius change of the RC.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.395-402
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• 2002

This paper shows how to formulate the transient analysis of 2-dimensional Hagen-Poiseuille flow using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). Treatments of viscosity, particle approximation and boundary conditions are explained. Numerical tests are calculated to examine effects caused by the number of particles, the number of particles per smoothing length, artificial viscosity and time increments for 2-dimensional Hagen-Poiseuille flow. Artificial viscosity for reducing the numerical instability directly affects the velocity of the flow, though effects of the other parameters do not produce as much effect as artificial viscosity. Numerical solutions using SPH show close agreement with the exact ones for the model flow, but SPH parameter must be chosen carefully Numerical solutions indicate that SPH is also an effective method for the analysis of 2-dimensional Hagen-Poiseuille flow.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.96-101
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• 2016

A two-dimensional Stokes flow past a circular disk in a circular tube is analyzed. The circular disk is located coaxially with the circular tube and the Hagen-Poiseuille flow exists at upstream and downstream far from the circular disk. The Stokes approximation is used and the flow is investigated analytically by using the method of eigenfunction expansion and the method of least square. From the analysis, the stream function and the pressure of the flow field are obtained, and the streamlines and pressure distribution are shown. Also, the pressure and shear stress distributions on the circular disk and circular tube wall are calculated, and shown for some typical radii of the circular disk. The additional pressure drop induced by the disk and the drag force exerted on the disk are compared as functions of the radius of the circular disk, and it is shown that the shear force on the wall of the tube increases due to the disk.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2007

A pedagogic model for blood flow is introduced to help medicine majors understand a simplified version of Navier-Stokes equations which is known to be a good tool for interpreting the phenomena in blood flow. The pressure gradient consists of a time-independent part known as Hagen-Poiseuille's gradient and a time-dependent part known as Sexl's, and the model formula for the volume rate of blood flow is reduced to a very simple form. For demonstration, the blood rate in human aorta system is analyzed in connection with the time-dependence of pressure gradient. It is shown for Sexl's part that the flow rate lags the pressure gradient by ${\pi}/2$, which is thought to be due to the relaxation process involved.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2006

Flow characteristics of DI water in a microchannel with a stenosis were investigated using .a micro PIV system with varying flow rate. The width and depth of the PDMS micro-channel were $100{\mu}m\;and\;50{\mu}m$, respectively. To Investigate flow characteristics in the micro-stenosis, the same experiment was carried out in a straight microchannel under the same flow rate. The measured mean velocity fields were almost symmetric with respect to the channel centerline. The experimental results are well agreed with the theoretical Hagen-Poiseuille profile. In the contraction part of the micro-stenosis, the oncoming flow is accelerated rapidly and the maximum velocity occurs at the throat, almost 4.99 time faster than that without the stenosis.

• 멤브레인
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.291-300
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• 2016

분리막(Separation membrane)을 이용하여 기체 또는 액체상태로 존재하는 분자들을 선택적으로 분리하는 기술은 화학, 생물, 제약, 석유화학 등의 산업에서 매우 다양하게 응용되고 있으며 산업적으로 매우 큰 비중을 차지하고 있다. Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) 막은 nanochannel의 직경, nanochannel 간의 거리 및 원통형 nanochannel의 길이 등을 정밀하게 조절할 수 있어 AAO 막을 이용하여 혼합분자를 효과적으로 분리하려는 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 양 말단이 열려있어 through-hole 구조로 다양한 직경의 nanochannel을 가지는 AAO 막을 제작하였으며, 이것을 이용하여 용매에 녹아있는 고분자 사슬의 수력학적 부피에 따른 선택적 투과를 관찰하였다. Nanochannel을 투과한 고분자 사슬의 회전반지름과 nanochannel의 직경 사이에 정량적인 관계가 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 AAO 막의 nanochannel을 흐르는 고분자 용액의 유동률(flow rate)이 Hagen-Poiseuille 관계식으로 정확하게 설명될 수 있음을 확인하여 AAO 내에 존재하는 원통형태의 nanochannel 내에서 흐르는 용액의 나노흐름(nanoflow)에 대한 이론적 해석이 가능함을 증명하였다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.150.1-150.1
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• 2014

Showerhead is used as a main part in the semiconductor equipment. The face plate flatness should remain constant and the cleaning performance must be gained to keep the uniformity level of etching or deposition in chemical vapor deposition process. High operating temperature or long period of thermal loading could lead the showerhead to be deformed thermally. In some case, the thermal deformation appears very sensitive to showerhead performance. This paper describes the methods for robust design using computational fluid dynamics. To reveal the influence of the post distribution on flow pattern in the showerhead cavity, numerical simulation was performed for several post distributions. The flow structure appears similar to an impinging flow near a centered baffle in showerhead cavity. We took the structure as an index to estimate diffusion path. A robust design to reduce the thermal deformation of showerhead can be achieved using post number increase without ill effect on flow. To prevent the showerhead deformation by heat loading, its face plate thickness was determined additionally using numerical simulation. The face plate has thousands of impinging holes. The design key is to keep pressure drop distribution on the showerhead face plate with the holes. This study reads the methodology to apply to a showerhead hole design. A Hagen-Poiseuille equation gives the pressure drop in a fluid flowing through such hole. The assumptions of the equation are the fluid is viscous-incompressible and the flow is laminar fully developed in a through hole. An equation can be expressed with radius R and length L related to the volume flow rate Q from the Hagen-Poiseuille equation, $Q={\pi}R4{\Delta}p/8{\mu}L$, where ${\mu}$ is the viscosity and ${\Delta}p$ is the pressure drop. In present case, each hole has steps at both the inlet and the outlet, and the fluid appears compressible. So we simplify the equation as $Q=C(R,L){\Delta}p$. A series of performance curves for a through hole with geometric parameters were obtained using two-dimensional numerical simulation. We obtained a relation between the hole diameter and hole length from the test cases to determine hole diameter at fixed hole length. A numerical simulation has been performed as a tool for enhancing showerhead robust design from flow structure. Geometric parameters for the design were post distribution and face plate thickness. The reinforced showerhead has been installed and its effective deposition profile is being shown in factory.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.III
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• pp.662-669
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• 2000

Based on the viscous flow characteristics of gas through capillary tube, a simple and low cost system was developed for controlling gas concentration for use in C.A experiments. The gas flow rate through capillary tube had a linear relationship with pressure, $(length)^{-1}$ and $(radius)^4$ of capillary tube, which agreed well with Hagen-Poiseuille's law. The developed system could control the gas concentration in storage chamber within ${\pm}0.3%$ deviation compared to the preset concentration. The required time for producing target gas concentration in storage chamber was exactly predicted by the model used in this study, and it required much longer time than the calculated time which divided the volume of chamber by flow rate. Therefore, for producing target gas concentration as quickly as possible, it needs to supply higher flow rate of gas during the initial stage of experiment when gas concentration in storage chamber has not reached at target value. It appeared that the developed system was very useful for C.A experiments. Because one could decide a desired flow rate by the prediction model, control flow rate freely and easily by changing pressure in the pressure-regulating chamber and the accuracy was high.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2016

Magnetic resonance velocimeter (MRV) is a powerful tool to non-invasively measure the velocity of a fluid flow in various fields ranging from medicine to engineering. However, since the demands for accurate measurement in the solid/liquid interface for cardiovascular diseases and porous media increase, the improvement of spatial resolution is required. In this study, a solenoid RF coil is developed for high spatial resolution measurement. The signal-to-noise ratio in solenoid RF coil is increased seventeen times better than that in commercial coil. Moreover, the velocity distribution of Hagen-Poiseuille flow is measured with in-plane resolution of $36{\mu}m$ by $36{\mu}m$ and the accuracy of the measured velocity is compared with theoretical distribution of the laminar flow. Flow rate calculated by MRV is estimated with the flow rate injected by syringe pump.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2001

Based on the viscous flow characteristics of gas through capillary tube, a simple and cheap gas mixing system was developed for controlling gas compositions in CA chambers. The gas flow rate through capillary tube had a linear relationship with pressure, (length)$^{-1}$ and (radius)$^4$ of capillary tube, which agreed well with Hagen-Poiseuille’s law. The relationship between flow rate and combined parameters was described as Q=0.000209724($\pi$ r$^4$P/$\mu$L) and the coefficient of determination was 0.9984. The developed system could control gas concentrations in CA chambers within $\pm$0.3% deviation compared to the preset concentrations. It was possible to predict the required time and required gas flow rate for exchanging the gs in CA chamber to a certain concentration of gas by using the mathematical model developed in this study.