• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.616-622
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• 2012

Objectives : The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between earlobe crease(ELC) and Hypertension(HTN) in the auricular point diagnosis. Methods : 140 patients who were admitted the Jeongeup City Geriatric Hospital were examined for the presence or absence of ELC and HTN. The one examined the ELC of patients and the other examined the presence of hypertension. The presence of right ELC, left ELC, right or left ELC, and right and left ELC were respectively compared with the presence of HTN. Chi-square test was used to analyze the correlation between ELC and HTN. Results : The presence of right ELC was significantly related to presence of HTN(p=0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictability of ELC for diagnosis of HTN were 0.755, 0.524, 0.787, and 0.478. The presence of left ELC was significantly related to presence of HTN(p=0.002). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictability of ELC for diagnosis of HTN were 0.745, 0.524, 0.785, and 0.468. The presence of right or left ELC was significantly related to presence of HTN(p<0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictability of ELC for diagnosis of HTN were 0.806, 0.500, 0.790, and 0.525. The presence of right and left ELCs was significantly related to presence of HTN (p=0.007). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictability of ELC for diagnosis of HTN were 0.694, 0.548, 0.782, and 0.434. Conclusions : These results show that the presence of ELC is significantly associated with hypertension.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제16B권6호
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• pp.489-496
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• 2009

계층적 작업 망(HTN) 계획방식은 문제영역의 고유한 제어지식을 효과적으로 이용할 수 있는 대표적인 계획방식으로서, 오랫동안 복잡도가 높은 실세계 응용분야들에 널리 이용되어 왔다. 하지만 아직은 HTN 계획방식에 대한 이론적 정형화와 표준화가 미흡하며, HTN 계획기들 사이에도 원리와 성능 면에서 약간의 차이를 보이고 있다. 본 논문에서는 HTN 계획 영역 명세를 표준 PDDL 명세로 변환하는 효과적인 방법을 제시한다. 이 방법의 주된 장점은 표준 PDDL 명세를 이해할 수 있는 많은 영역-독립적인 고전적 계획기들에서도 HTN 명세에 포함된 영역 고유의 제어지식을 효과적으로 이용할 수 있다는 점이다. 본 논문에서는 블록쌓기, 로봇 심부름, 하노이 탑 등 3 가지 다른 문제영역에 HTN 명세변환 방법을 적용해보고, 전향-추론 휴리스틱 상태-공간 계획기인 FF를 이용한 실험을 통해 변환-기반의 HTN 계획방식의 효율성을 분석해 본다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2020

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of comorbid sleep disorders (SD) on the incidence of cardiovascular complications among newly-diagnosed hypertension (HTN) patients. Methods: As study population, 124 057 newly-diagnosed essential HTN patients aged 30 or older, without cardiovascular complications at diagnosis with HTN, were selected from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. The incidence of cardiovascular complications was calculated, Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to analyze the risk of complications, and the population attributable fraction (PAF) for cardiovascular complications of having comorbid SD at HTN diagnosis was calculated. Results: Over 10 years, 32 275 patients (26.0%) developed cardiovascular complications. In HTN patients with comorbid SD at diagnosis of HTN, the incidence of cardiovascular complications (78.3/1000 person-years; 95% confidence interval [CI], 75.8 to 80.9) was higher than in those without comorbid SD (58.6/1000 person-years; 95% CI, 57.9 to 59.3) and the risk of cardiovascular complications was 1.21 times higher (95% CI, 1.17 to 1.25), adjusting for age, gender, income, area of residence, and comorbid diabetes mellitus. The PAF of having comorbid SD at diagnosis of HTN for the incidence of cardiovascular complications was 2.07% (95% CI, 1.69 to 2.44). Conclusions: Newly-diagnosed essential HTN patients aged 30 or older who had comorbid SD at the time of their HTN diagnosis had a higher incidence of cardiovascular complications than those without comorbid SD. Age, gender, income, area of residence, and comorbid diabetes mellitus had a significant effect on the incidence of cardiovascular complications. Approximately 2% of cardiovascular complications were found to occur due to the presence of SD.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2019

Objectives: Self-reporting can be used to determine the incidence and prevalence of hypertension (HTN). The present study was conducted to determine the validity of self-reported HTN and to identify factors affecting discordance between self-reported and objectively measured HTN in participants in the Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort. Methods: The RaNCD cohort included permanent residents of Ravansar, Iran aged 35-65 years. Self-reported data were collected before clinical examinations were conducted by well-trained staff members. The gold standard for HTN was anti-hypertensive medication use and blood pressure measurements. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and overall accuracy of self-reporting were calculated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to examine the discordance between self-reported HTN and the gold standard. Results: Of the 10 065 participants in the RaNCD, 4755 (47.4%) were male. The prevalence of HTN was 16.8% based on self-reporting and 15.7% based on medical history and HTN measurements. Of the participants with HTN, 297 (18.8%) had no knowledge of their disease, and 313 (19.9%) had not properly controlled their HTN despite receiving treatment. The sensitivity, specificity, and kappa for self-reported HTN were 75.5%, 96.4%, and 73.4%, respectively. False positives became more likely with age, body mass index (BMI), low socioeconomic status, and female sex, whereas false negatives became more likely with age, BMI, high socioeconomic status, smoking, and urban residency. Conclusions: The sensitivity and specificity of self-reported HTN were acceptable, suggesting that this method can be used for public health initiatives in the absence of countrywide HTN control and detection programs.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2021

본 연구는 한국 성인에서 고혈압(HTN), 추정사구체여과율(eGFR) 및 소변미세알부민/크레아티닌 비율(ACR)과의 연관성을 평가하기 위한 연구이다. 제 6차 국민건강영양조사(2013~2014)에서 20세 이상 8,922명(남자 3,941명, 여자 4,981명)을 대상으로 관련변수를 보정한 후, 신기능저하(eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 ㎡) 및 알부민뇨(ACR ≥30 mg/g)에 따른 고혈압의 위험률을 분석하였다. 남자의 경우 HTN [수축기 혈압(SBP) ≥140 mmHg, 이완기 혈압(DBP) ≥90 mmHg 또는 HTN 약물 사용]의 위험비(ORs)가 정상 그룹(eGFR ≥60 mL/min /1.73 ㎡ 및 ACR <30 mg/g)에 비하여 저하된 eGFR 그룹(eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 ㎡, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.21~3.24), ACR 상승 그룹(ACR ≥30 mg/g, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.54~2.69), eGFR이 감소하고 ACR이 증가된 그룹(eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 ㎡ 및 ACR ≥30 mg/g, 6.03; 95% CI, 2.82~12.92)에서 유의하게 높았다. 여자에서 HTN의 위험률은 정상 그룹보다 eGFR 저하 그룹(2.29, 95% CI, 1.27~4.13), ACR 상승 그룹(2.22, 95% CI, 1.68~2.94)과 eGFR이 저하되고 ACR이 증가된 그룹(10.77, 95% CI, 3.89~29.82)에서 유의하게 높았다. 결과적으로 HTN은 한국 성인에서 eGFR 저하, ACR 상승과 관련이 있으며, eGFR 저하와 ACR 상승이 동시에 발생했을 때 HTN의 유병률이 크게 증가했다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.284-293
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• 2007

Objectives : Hypertension(HTN), diabetes mellitus(DM) and hyperlipidemia(HL) are the most common risk factors of cerebro-vascular attack(CVA). To prevent CVA, early diagnosis (awareness before CVA) of HTN, DM and HL is essential, and for the effective early diagnosis we need to analyze the data of CVA patients concerned with HTN, DM and HL. In this study, we studied characteristics of patients early diagnosed before CVA. Methods : We analyzed the data of 363 patients with acute ischemic stroke from Hanbang Stroke Registry supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Korea. Subjects' enrollment was done in the oriental medical hospitals of 3 universities located in the metropolitan region from October 2005 to October 2006. We analyzed all registered data about HTN. DM and HL, for example, how many patients were aware of their HTN, DM or HL before CVA, differences in characteristics of early diagnosed patients, effects of early diagnosis on CAV, etc. Results : Patients aware of their HTN. DM and HL before CVA have more past history and family history about HTN, DM or HL. Early diagnosis rate of HL is lower than HTN and DM, and early diagnosed HL patients were younger and deucated longer than patients who weren't aware of their HL before CVA. These results mean that publicity is the key to promoting early diagnosis rates of HTN, DM and HL. In DM and HL, early diagnosed patients had more SVO type cerebral infarction than patients who weren't aware of risk factors. We can thus see that early diagnosis even affects CVA types. Conclusion : This work helps us to understand the realities and importance of early diagnosis of HTN, DM and HL before CVA. There should be further research, which can contribute to much more improved early diagnosis rates of HTN, DM and HL.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.439-446
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• 2020

Objectives: This study analyzed the associations of hypertension (HTN) with symptoms and diagnosis of depression by income level among Korean adults. Methods: This study was based on the 2010-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data; a total of 29 425 adults (aged 20 years or older) were analyzed. HTN was defined as a systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or use of hypertensive medications. Depression symptoms were evaluated based on a questionnaire about depression-related symptoms. A depression diagnosis was defined based on questionnaire responses indicating that a participant had been diagnosed with depression. Household income was divided into higher or lower income ranges based on the median income of the participants. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between HTN and depression symptoms/diagnosis in the higher-income and lower-income groups. Results: In the higher-income group, the odds ratio (OR) for the association between HTN and depression symptoms was 1.15 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97 to 1.37), and the OR for the association between HTN and depression diagnosis was 1.41 (95% CI, 1.13 to 1.76). In the lower-income group, the OR for the association between HTN and depression symptoms was 1.18 (95% CI, 1.04 to 1.34), whereas the OR for the association between HTN and depression diagnosis was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.70 to 0.97). Conclusions: The associations of HTN with symptoms and diagnosis of depression differed by income level.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was conducted to explore recent trends in the prevalence of pediatric elevated blood pressure and hypertension (HTN) in Korea and the United States, applying the new HTN reference values for adolescents. Methods: This study analyzed 17 339 (8755 Korean and 8584 American) adolescents aged 10 to 17 who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, respectively, between 2005 and 2016. HTN was defined using percentile-based reference values for non-overweight adolescents from 7 nations, and obesity was defined by body mass index (BMI) based on country-specific growth charts. All analyses were stratified by sex and year-over-year changes were evaluated by calculating the p for trend. Results: Systolic blood pressure showed a statistically meaningful upward trend in Korean boys and girls, while diastolic blood pressure did not show any significant changes. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels declined among United States boys and girls. The prevalence of elevated blood pressure and HTN remained similar in Korean adolescents, but declined in both sexes among United States adolescents. BMI increased in both sexes among Korean adolescents, although the overweight and obesity rates stayed the same. No significant trends were found in any obesity indices among United States adolescents. The prevalence of elevated blood pressure and HTN by obesity level was higher among Korean adolescents than among their United States peers in both sexes, and the gap became higher at more severe levels of obesity. Conclusions: Despite the strong correlation between obesity and HTN, recent trends in the prevalence of HTN and obesity among Korean and United States adolescents were strikingly different. Follow-up studies are necessary to determine why the prevalence of HTN was more than twice as high among Korean adolescents than among their United States counterparts.

• 대한바이러스학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.327-335
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• 1998

Hantaan (HTN) and Seoul (SEO) viruses, murid rodent-borne hantaviruses, are known to causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Korea. To determine the genomic diversity and molecular phylogeny of HTN and SEO viruses found in Korea, we amplified for part of M and S genomic segments of hantaviruses from sera of HFRS patients and lung tissues of hantavirus seropositive striped-field mice. Both M and S segment of 16 HTN and 2 SEO viruses were amplified by nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Based on 324 nucleotides in the M genomic segment, the HTN and SEO strains showed $93.8{\sim}100%$ and $99.1{\sim}99.4%$ homologies, respectively. Similarly, based on 230 nucleotides in the S genomic segment, HTN and SEO strains showed $90.9{\sim}100%$ and 100% homologies, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of M and S segments indicated that HTN strains could be divided into at least two main groups in M and S trees and the sequence differences detected among the Sand M genomic segments of HTN viruses are consistent with reassortment having taken place between HTN virus strains.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2021

Childhood hypertension (HTN) has become a significant public health issue because of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. However, childhood HTN is underrecognized and underdiagnosed in clinical practice. The European Society of Hypertension in 2016 and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) in 2017 published updated guidelines for the screening, prevention, and management of pediatric HTN. There were notable differences between the two guidelines as well as many similarities. The updated AAP guidelines have clarified and simplified the recommendations for screening, diagnosis, and treatment of childhood HTN based on current evidence. This review highlights the important developments in both guidelines, focusing on recent advances in the classification and treatment of childhood HTN.