• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.13-27
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• 2009

This study aimed to validate neuroprotective effect of Chungpaesagan-tang on the early stage of cerebral ischemic damage. Cerebral ischemic damage was induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 hours in the Sprague-Dawley rats. Water extract of Chungpaesagan-tang(8.7g/kg) was administered orally twice at 1 and 4 hours after the MCAO. Neurological score was tested at 3 and 24 hours after the MCAO and Chungpaesagan-tang administration. At 24 hours after the MCAO, infarct volume and edema ratio was evaluated with the TTC staining. Apoptotic cell death in cerebral cortex and caudate putamen was observed with cresyl violet staining and TUNEL labeling. Bax expression in the MCAO rat brain was stained with immunohistochemistry. Chungpaesagan-tang improved neurological and behavioral impairment of the MCAO rats and reduced infarct area, infarct volume and brain edema formation. Chungpaesagan-tang attenuated cell death percentage in cortex penumbra and reduced TUNEL positive cells in cortex penumbra and in caudate putamen of the MCAO rats. Chungpaesagan-tang reduced Bax positive neurons in caudate putamen and reduced c-Fos positive neurons in cortex penumbra of the MCAO rats. Chungpaesagan-tang intensified neuronal HSP72 expression in cortex penumbra of the MCAO rats. In results, Chunpaesagan-tang reduces infarct volume and edema formation through anti-apoptotic effect. This result suggests that Chunapaesagan-tang has an adequate neuroprotective effect on the early stage of cerebral ischemic damage.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.663-668
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• 2011

Galgeun-tang (GGT) has been a great source for treating cold diseases in the folk medicine recipe. Carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) is one type of hepatotoxin that can eventually cause liver injury. During the experiment, we first studied the protective effects of GGT against $CC_4$-induced hepatotoxicity. GGT was pretreated for 3 h, and 1% $CCl_4$ was added to mouse primary liver cells. After 4 h, ROS generation and expression of antioxidant enzymes (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) were analyzed by FACS and real time PCR. Also, the activities of ALT and LDH were measured using cultured medium. The hepatic levels of TNF-alpha and iNOS, which are related to inflammation and stress response gene, HSP72 and HO-1 were analyzed by PCR or real time PCR. Liver tissues were analyzed by HE stain. From the observation, we discovered that GGT treatment protects $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity, and that GGT pretreatment decreases ROS generation, TNF-alpha and iNOS expression. However, gene expression of CAT, SOD, GPx, HSP72 and HO-1 were increased by GGT. These results lead to the conclusion that GGT has protective effects against $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제72권2호
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• pp.173-176
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• 2012

We report a rare case of lung disease caused by Mycobacterium terrae in a previously healthy woman. A 45-year-old woman was referred to our hospital due to a chronic cough with sputum. A computed tomography scan of the chest revealed bronchiolitis in conjuction with bronchiectasis in both lungs. Nontuberculous mycobacteria were identified and isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid collected from each lung. All isolates were identified as M. terrae by various molecular methods that characterized the rpoB and hsp65 gene sequences. Antibiotic therapy using clarithromycin, rifampin, and ethambutol improved the patient's condition and successfully resulted in sputum conversion.

• 한국식물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물생명공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 발표논문 초록집
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• pp.72-72
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• 2003

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.919-925
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• 2018

Objective: The performance, health, and behaviour of cattle can be strongly affected by climate. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of heat stress on blood parameters, blood proteins (haptoglobin [Hp]; heat shock protein 70 [HSP70]), rectal temperature (RT), heart rate (HR) and rumination time in Korean native beef calves. Methods: Thirty-two Korean native beef calves were randomly assigned to 8 groups with 4 animals per group. They were kept in environmental condition with temperature-humidity index (THI) ranging from 70.01 to 87.72 in temperature-humidity controlled chamber for 7 days. Results: Their HR, RT, and serum cortisol and HSP70 levels were increased (p<0.05) in high THI compared to those at low THI. But, serum Hp level was decreased (p<0.05) in high THI compared to these at low THI. In addition, HR, RT, serum cortisol and HSP70 were positively correlated with THI ($R^2=0.8368$, p<0.01; $R^2=0.6162$, p<0.01; $R^2=0.581$, p<0.01; $R^2=0.2241$, p = 0.0062, respectively). There was also positive association between HR and cortisol ($R^2=0.4697$, p<0.01). Similarly, RT and cortisol were positively associated ($R^2=0.4581$, p<0.01). But, THI and HR were negatively correlated with Hp ($R^2=0.2157$, p = 0.02; $R^2=0.3362$, p = 0.003). Hematology and metabolites results were different among treatment groups. Standing position was higher (p<0.05) in the high THI group compared to that in the low THI group. Conclusion: Based on these results, it can be concluded that HR, RT, blood parameters (Cortisol, HSP70, Hp) and standing position are closely associated with heat stress. These parameters can be consolidated to develop THI chart for Korean native beef calves.

• 생태와환경
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.305-313
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• 2017

기후변화로 잦아진 강우에 의해 염분 환경에 유입되는 담수생물의 영향을 파악해 보고자 하였다. 담수의 오염지표생물인 깔따구과의 실내 실험종인 C. riparius를 대상으로 염분 노출에 따른 스트레스 반응으로 생존율과 탈피율, 성장기간, 하순기절 기형을 분석하였고, 분자생물학적으로 스트레스 분자마커로 연구가 이루어진 HSP70 유전자 발현을 측정하였다. C. riparius의 생존율은 노출시간에 따라 감소하였으며 15 psu에서 4일이 경과하면 생존개체가 관찰되지 않았다. C. riparius의 pupation과 emergence는 15 psu 이상에서는 보이지 않았고 탈피의 성공은 10 psu에서 20% 이하였다. 또한 C. riparius의 성장지연은 pupation과 emergence 기간에서 잘 반영되어, 대조군과 5 psu에 비해 10 psu에서 4일이 늦어졌다. 염분 노출 96시간 후 관찰한 C. riparius 하순기절 형태 이상은 10 psu와 15 psu에서 소수 관찰되었다. C. riparius HSP70 유전자 발현은 대조군에 비해 5, 10 psu에서 약 2.5~4배 이상 발현량이 크게 증가하였다. 따라서 염분은 담수생물에게 매우 큰 스트레스를 제공하는 원인물질로 유해물질과 유사한 생태독성학적인 반응과 분자지표 반응을 보여주었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.576-584
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• 2003

목 적 : 위장관 증상이 피부 발진에 선행했던 HSP 환아들을 대상으로 임상 경과와 내시경 및 복부 초음파 검사 소견의 특징을 고찰하여 본증의 조기진단에 도움이 되고자 하였다. 방 법 : 1991년부터 2002년까지 12년간 서울대학교 부속 병원 소아과에서 내시경 검사를 시행받은 HSP 환아들 중 위장관 증상이 피부 발진보다 선행했던 23례를 대상으로 의무 기록과 복부 초음파 및 내시경 자료를 고찰하였다. 결 과 : 1) 복부 증상의 선행 기간은 1일에서 30일(중앙값 5일) 사이였고 1례를 제외하면 모두 2주 이내였다. 관절염은 16례(70%) 중 2례에서 피부 병변에 선행되었으며, 신장염은 11례(47%) 모두 피부 발진 이후에 보였다. 2) 선행했던 복부 증상은 복통(23례), 구토(16례), 혈변(8례), 토혈(3례)의 순이었고, 장중첩증이 합병된 경우는 없었다. 3) 상부 위장관 내시경 검사는 23례 중 21례(91%)에서 점막의 출혈반 혹은 미란을 동반한 염증이 관찰되었으며, 부위별로는 십이지장염(21례), 위염(12례), 식도염(1례)의 순이었다. 십이지장염은 3례에서는 하행이 구부보다 현저하게 심한 형태였고 2례에서는 하행에서만 병변이 관찰되었다. 하부 위장관 내시경 검사는 8례 중 6례에서 병변이 보였고 직장염이 5례, S자 결장염이 4례에서 관찰되었다. 조직 검사는 5례에서 시행되었으나 혈관염은 관찰되지 않았다. 4) 17례에서 시행된 복부 초음파 검사상 12례(71%)에서 이상 소견을 보였고 소장벽이 두꺼워진 소견이 8례에서, 소장벽 출혈이 3례에서 관찰되었다. 5) 스테로이드가 투여되었던 22례 중 16례(72%)에서 첫 48시간 이내에 복통이 감소되는 반응이 있었다. 6) 3개월 이상 증상이 소실된 후 다시 재발한 경우가 4례(17%)에서 있었으며 이중 3례에서 신장염이 1년 이상 지속되었다. 결 론: 급성 복통으로 내원한 HSP 환아들의 대부분은 2주 이내에 피부 병변이 나타나며 전체적인 임상 경과는 피부 증상이 선행한 전형적인 경우와 유사하다. 내시경 검사에서 관찰되는 출혈과 미란을 동반한 하행 십이지장염과 장벽이 두꺼워진 초음파 소견은 피부 발진이 없는 시점에서 HSP를 진단하는데 큰 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.9.1-9.7
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• 2013

Introduction: Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) is a mitochondrial heat shock protein (HSP), which belongs to HSP90 family. It plays important roles in regulating mitochondrial integrity, protecting against oxidative stress, and inhibiting cell death. Recent studies suggest that TRAP1 is linked to mitochondria and its metabolism. In this study, we established TRAP1 transgenic mice and performed partial hepatectomy (PH) on wild-type (WT) and TRAP1 transgenic mice to investigate the function of TRAP1 during liver regeneration. Results and Discussion: We found that TRAP1 was highly expressed in liver as well as kidney. In addition, liver regeneration slightly decreased together with increased fatty liver and inflammation at 72 hr after PH in TRAP1 transgenic mice compared with WT control group mice. Concomitantly, we observed decreased levels of p38 protein in TRAP1 transgenic mice compared with WT control group mice. These results suggest that TRAP1 plays a critical role in liver energy balance by regulating lipid accumulation during liver regeneration. Conclusions and Prospects: To our knowledge, we reported, for the first time, that liver regeneration slightly reduced together with increased fat accumulations after PH in TRAP1 transgenic mice compared with WT control group mice. Concomitantly, we observed decreased levels of p38 protein in TRAP1 transgenic mice compared with WT control group mice. Overexpression of TRAP1 might affect liver regeneration via disturbing mitochondrial function leading to fatty liver in vivo.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.257-261
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• 2009

Effective therapeutics for renal failures have not yet been developed until now. Recently, there was a report showing that Wen-pi-tang-Hab-Wu-ling-san (WHW) prescriptions had the potential to prevent renal failures through the increased expression of HSP-27 and HSP-72 after ischemia/reperfusion. Therefore, formulation studies by pH-specific released systems were carried out to exhibit the optimal activity of WHW prescriptions in this study. WHW prescriptions were separately extracted using water into two parts of stomach-released (SR) and intestine-released (IR) extracts. Subsequently, the double-layered tablet was prepared using the SR extracts and pharmaceutical additives and enteric-coated IR tablet. Dissolution studies were carried out to figure out the release of cinnamic acid and icarrin from SR tablet, IR tablet and double-layered tablet, respectively. The complete release of cinnamic acid from SR tablet showed 90min after dissolution in pH 1.2 and insignificant drug released from IR tablet. As well as, icarrin from IR tablet completely released in pH 6.8 and 7.4 as enteric-coating film dissolved.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2003

When cells are exposed to proteotoxic stresses such as heat shock, amino acid analogs, and heavy metals, they increase the synthesis of the heat shock proteins (HSPs) by activating the heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1), whose activity is controlled via multiple steps including homotrimerization, nuclear translocation, DNA binding, and hyperphosphorylation. Under unstressed conditions, the HSF1 activity is repressed through its constitutive phosphorylation by glycogen synthase kinase 3$\beta$ (GSK3$\beta$), extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK). However, the protein kinase (s) responsible for HSF1 hyperphosphorylation and activation is not yet identified. In the present study, we observed that profile of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) activation in response to heat shock was very similar to those of HSF1 hyperphosphorylation and nuclear translocation. Therefore, we investigated whether p38MAPK is involved in the heat shock-induced HSF1 activation and HSP expression. Here we show that the p38MAPK inhibitors, SB202190 and SB203580, but not other inhibitors including the MEK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 and the PI3-K inhibitor LY294002 and wortmannin, suppress HSF1 hyperphosphorylation in response to heat shock and L-azetidine 2-carboxylic acid (Azc), but not to heavy metals. Furthermore, heat shock-induced HSF1-DNA binding and HSP72 expression was specifically prevented by the p38MAPK inhibitors, but not by the MEK1/2 inhibitor and the PI3-K inhibitors. These results suggest that SB202190- and SB203580-sensitive p38MAPK may positively regulate HSP gene regulation in response to heat shock and amino acid analogs.