• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.130-135
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• 2015

Objectives : This study is to investigate stimulation effects of acupoints at differential meridian along arm and leg on the physiological phenomenon of heartbeats. Methods : 8 subjects were participated in this study. The experiments were performed in Resting session(Rs), Insertion session(Is), Stimulation session1(Ss1), Stimulation session2(Ss2), Stimulation session3(Ss3) sequence. Time of each session and the interval between each session was 30 seconds all. Acupuncture was performed manually on PC3 or LR8 at random with a two-day interval. stand deviation of N-N interval(SDNN) was measured for each session. Results : At PC3, SDNN increased in Ss1, Ss2, and Ss3 compared to Rs but at LR8, there was little change between Ss1, Ss2, Ss3 and Rs. Post-hoc analysis revealed that mean value of SDNN significantly increased in Ss1 compared with Baseline at PC3, while there was little change at LR8. When LR8 and PC3 were compared at each time point, there was a significant difference only in Ss1. Conclusions : Our results indicate that there is a correlation between specific physiological functions and acupoints.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.27-38
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• 2009

Objective : This study was to examine a relationship among subjective psychological stress, physical stress response and oxidative stress. Methods : The subjects were consisted of 87 healthy volunteers. To assess subjective psychological stress, SRI(stress response inventory) was completed. To assess psychological and physical stress response, HRV(Heart Rate Variability) were tested. To assess oxidative stress, d-roms(Derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites test) test was conducted. Subjects were divided into 3 groups depending on SRI(Stress Response Inventory) score, low stress response(LSR: lower than 30 percentile), Medium(MSR: 30-70 percentile) and high stress response(HSR: higher than 70 percentile). The Relationship between Stress Response and Oxidative Stress was estimated by correlation and One-way ANOVA analysis. Results : There were no significant differences of demographic data among 3 groups. There was a significant difference of oxidative stress among 3 groups. Conclusion : Our results suggest that there is a weak positive correlation between subjective psychological stress and oxidative stress. There is a significant difference of oxidative stress between HSR group and LSR group.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.9-20
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• 2016

This study compared the effect of green light consequent on maximum brightness 85 lx and intial brightness 15 lx, and its accompanying psychological, physiological response. 1) As a result of psychology(general stress evaluation, Symptom Checklist-90-Revision) evaluation, all stress evaluation items mostly showed a decrease, and they are comparatively positively evaluated in minimum brightness 15 lx comparing to maximum brightness 85 lx. 2) Physiological (Heart Rate Variability) evaluation result was included in stable range in all cardiovascular system variables after light stimulus in time of comparison with the standard range; in addition, the Heart Rate Variability evaluation result was found to be stable in all cardiovascular system variables except Low Frequency in minimum brightness 15 lx comparing to maximum brightness 85 lx. 3) Green light was found not to appear as a stimulating factor in the human body in time of space projection, being found to be effective in stability of mind and body, and reduction in stress. Thus, it was found that green light functioned as an emotional, relaxing tranquilizer by working on the sympathetic nervous system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.349-352
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• 2009

최근 유비쿼터스 헬스케어가 부각됨에 따라 심장의 활동상태를 보다 편리하게 측정하기 위하여 이동성 및 휴대성을 강조한 심전도 계측 시스템 및 스트레스 상태를 분석하기 위한 연구들이 수행되고 있다. 하지만 기존 심전도 계측은 전극의 부착 및 계측시스템과의 연결을 위한 리드선의 사용으로 인해 활동의 불편함을 유발한다. 본 연구에서는 기 연구 수행된 가정 또는 사무실에서 무구속적인(unconstrained) 방법으로 지속적인 심장의 활동상태의 모니터링이 가능한 무구속 의자형 심탄도 계측 시스템을 구현하였다. 무구속적인 방법으로 심탄도 신호를 계측하고 심탄도신호로부터 심박동변이율을 추출함으로써 일상생활 중 스트레스를 모니터링 하고자 하였다. 구현된 시스템을 통한 스트레스 모니터링의 가능성을 평가하기위하여 안정상태의 심박동변이율과 인위적인 신체적 스트레스인 Valsalva 조작를 유도한 후 심박동 변이율을 비교평가 하였다. 건강한 대학생 10명을 대상으로 비교분석을 수행한 결과 안정 상태와 육체적 스트레스 인가 후 심박동 변이율의 변화 양상을 관찰할 수 있었으며, 무구속적인 방법에 의해 스트레스의 모니터링이 가능함을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.37-42
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• 1999

Long-term exposure to loud noise affects performance since it changes arousal level, distracts attention, and also is able to evoke subjective stress accompanied by negative emotional states. The purpose of the study was to analyze dynamics of subjective and physiological variables during a relatively long-lasting (30 min) exposure to white noise (85 dB[A]). Physiological signals were recorded on 15 college students during 30 min of intense auditory stimulation. Autonomic variables, namely skin conductance level , non-specific SCR number, inter-best intervals in ECG, heart rate variability index (HF/LF ratio of HRV), skin temperature, as well as respiration rate were analyzed on 5 min epoch basis. Psychological assessment (subjective rating of stress level) was also repeated every 5 min. Statistical analysis was employed to trace the time course of the dynamics of subjective and autonomic physiological variables and their relationships. Results showed that the intense noise evoked subjective stress as well as associated autonomic nervous system responses. However it was shown that physiological variables endured specific changes in the process of exposure to the loud white noise. Discussed were probable psychophysiological mechanisms mediating reactivity to long-term auditory stimulation of high intensity, namely short-term activation, followed by transient adaptation (with relatively stable autonomic balance) and then a subsequent wave of arousal due to tonic sympathetic dominance.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.105-118
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• 2023

We tested the feasibility of automated discrimination of patients with panic disorder (PD) from healthy controls (HCs) based on multimodal physiological responses using machine learning. Electrocardiogram (ECG), electrodermal activity (EDA), respiration (RESP), and peripheral temperature (PT) of the participants were measured during three experimental phases: rest, stress, and recovery. Eleven physiological features were extracted from each phase and used as input data. Logistic regression (LoR), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and multilayer perceptron (MLP) algorithms were implemented with nested cross-validation. Linear regression analysis showed that ECG and PT features obtained in the stress and recovery phases were significant predictors of PD. We achieved the highest accuracy (75.61%) with MLP using all 33 features. With the exception of MLP, applying the significant predictors led to a higher accuracy than using 24 ECG features. These results suggest that combining multimodal physiological signals measured during various states of autonomic arousal has the potential to differentiate patients with PD from HCs.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.155-163
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluated the effect of electro acupuncture on Heart Rate Variability of Patients with functional voiding disease. Methods: Subjects were voluntarily recruited by newspapers and internet. Electro acupuncture was performed three times a week for 3 weeks. Acupuncture point for EA group was B32, Electrical stimulation frequency was 2Hz, duration 20min, and intensity was up to pain threshold according to patients. The patients' Heart Rate Variability was measured before, after 3 weeks of treatment for 5 minutes. Results : In time domain analysis, There were significant increase of SDNN and RMSSD(p<0.05) after 3 weeks treatment. In frequency domain analysis, There were significant increase of LF and LF /HF ratio(p<0.05) after 3 weeks treatment. There were no significant changes in other components of heart rate variability. Conclusion : This study suggests that electroacupuncture treatments can be applicable to improve autonomic nervous system in patients with functional voiding disease.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.05
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• pp.406-409
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• 1997

In this paper, the power spectral analysis and fractral dimension analysis of heart rate variability(HRV) were performed to evaluate effects of orthostatic stress with head-up tilt on autonomic nervous system(ANS) for 24 young and healthy subjects(age: $24{\pm}5yr$.). The ECG and respiration signals were recorded at the tilt angle of $0^{\circ},\;15^{\circ},\;30^{\circ},\;45^{\circ},\;70^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$ successively for 5 minutes per each stage under the condition of frequency controlled respiration (0.25Hz). Heart rate(HR) gradually increased as the angle increased. Similarly, according to the increment of angle, normalized low frequency(LF) component(0.05-0.15Hz) gradually increased, whereas normalized high frequency(HF) component (0.20-0.30Hz) was reduced. From these results it is speculated that orthostatic stress, head-up tilt, results in the prevalence of sympathetic tone in autonomic balance with the increment of sympathetic tone and the decrement of parasympathetic tone, which seems to mean that autonomic nervous system plays a major role in compensating for disturbances of cardiovascular system due to it.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.130-157
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• 2007

The purpose of this research is to seek for efficient health maintenance device and to suggest desirable daily habit, based on the inquiry on interrelationship between workers' daily lives and their heartbeat change level. The paper survey about general features, case history and daily habits was conducted on workers during medical examination in Jeollabukdo, and examined their change of heartbeat as well. The results of research deducted from data analysis are as follows; 1. There found very positive interrelations between time-domain analysis and frequency-domain analysis, and MHR and LF/HF ratio had negative connection with other analyses. 2. The recipient showed high time-domain analysis when they are younger, have worked shorter or have spouse, and it contributes to stable sympathetic nerve and parasympathetic nerve as it stimulates autonomic nervous system. 3. According to the result of frequency-domain analysis, recipients showed higher TP and LF when they are younger, and the highest HF when they are under 34.The level of VLF was higher for university graduates than the ones who finished high school. The recipients showed higher TP and HF when they don't have spouse, and lower TP, LF and HF when they have worked longer. 4. The level of RMSSD and TSRD was high for the people who don't have case history, and HF was high when they don't have any disease in progress. 5. According to the result concerning correlation of daily habits with time-domain analysis and frequency-domain analysis, cigarette, alcohol and sleeping hours don't affect heartbeat change, but the ones who regularly workout showed higher result in every analysis. It shows that the autonomic nervous system of recipients who regularly exercise response more actively. The result mentioned above suggests that the change of heartbeat is a direct index which shows the change of autonomic nervous system, and it depends on the exercise the most. Thus, workout is proved to be the best method in order for workers to take care of their health.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.61-69
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• 2015

This study presents a probabilistic knowledge discovery method to interpret heart rate variability (HRV) based on time and frequency domain indexes, extracted using discrete wavelet transform. The knowledge induction algorithm was composed of two phases: rule generation and rule estimation. Firstly, a rule generation converts numerical attributes to intervals using ROC curve analysis and constructs a reduced ruleset by comparing consistency degree between attribute-value pairs with different decision values. Then, we estimated three measures such as rule support, confidence, and coverage to a probabilistic interpretation for each rule. To show the effectiveness of proposed model, we evaluated the statistical discriminant power of five rules (3 for atrial fibrillation, 1 for normal sinus rhythm, and 1 for both atrial fibrillation and normal sinus rhythm) generated using a data (n=58) collected from 1 channel wireless holter electrocardiogram (ECG), i.e., HeartCall$^{(R)}$, U-Heart Inc. The experimental result showed the performance of approximately 0.93 (93%) in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC measures, respectively.