• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.869-874
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• 2015

Background: The prognostic value of microvessel density (MVD), reflecting angiogenesis, detected in ovarian cancer is currently controversial. Here we performed a meta-analysis of all relevant eligible studies. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search of online PubMed, Medline, EMBASE and Sciencedirect was performed to identify all related articles. The search strategy was designed as 'microvessel density', 'ovarian cancer', 'ovarian neoplasm', 'CD34' and 'angiogenesis'. Results: The studies were categorized by author/year, number of patients, FIGO stage, histology, cutoff value for microvessel density, types of survival analysis, methods of hazard rations (HR) estimation, HR and its 95% confidence interval (CI). Combined hazard ratios suggested that high MVD was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), with HR and 95% CIs of 1.84 (1.33-2.35) and 1.36 (1.06-1.66), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that high MVD detected by CD34 was relevant for OS [HR=1.67 (1.36-2.35)], but not MVD detected with other antibodies [HR=2.11 (0.90-3.31)]. Another subgroup analysis indicated that high MVD in patients without pre-chemotherapy, but not with pre-chemotherapy, was associated with OS [HR=1.88(1.59-2.18 and HR=1.70 (-0.18-3.59)]. Conclusions: The OS and PFS with high MVD were significant poorer than with low MVD in ovarian cancer patients. However, high MVD detected by CD34 seems to be more associated with survival for patients without pre-chemotherapy.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.59-64
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• 1968

The serum and erythrocyte cholinesterase activity and their seasonal variations were determined with 8 males of healthy Korean cattles during one year period from September, 1966 to august, 1977. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The serum cholinestrase activity showed a range of 0.64mg/hr/ml to 8.26mg/hr/ml with a mean value of $3.69{\pm}0.25mg/hr/ml$. There was highly significant differences in the seasonal variations. 2. The erythrocyte cholinesterase activity ranged from 29.78mg/hr/ml to 48.88mg/hr/ml with a mean value of $38.37{\pm}1.11mg/hr/ml$. Seasonal variations was not found to be significant. 3. The results showed that the serum cholinesterase activity of Korean cattle had great variations among individual values and significant seasonal variations. On the other hand, cholinesterase activity of erythrocyte showed a little variations among individual values and no significant seasonal variations.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 1992

1. In vitro system, LR and FSR accelerated and facilitated meiotic progression, and LH selectively improved cytoplasmic maturation which is required to promote the formation of a male pronucleus. 2. Caffeine (2mM) in the fetilization medium was required not only for inducing zona penetrating ability of boar also for developing to the male pronucleus of the penetrat- ing spermatozoa in vitro. 3. The germinal vesicle (GV)stage was observed for the first 17.6 hr;germinal vesicle break-down (GVBD)stage between 17.6~26.4 hr ;metaphase I (M-I)from 26.4 - 30. 9hr;anaphase I(A-I)ranged from 30. 9~33.4hr;telophase I(T-I) at 33.4~34.4hr; and metaphase II(M-II) at 34.4-48hr. 4. The addition of 10%(v /v) pig follicular fluid (pFF) to maturation media significantly increased the rate of nuclear maturation of pig oocytes (p<0.01), whereas the rate of nuclear maturation of pig oocytes among three different media did not differ. 5. The presence of a primary culture of POEC promotes in vitro development of early cleavage stage pig embryos.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.365-376
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the patterns of smoking relapse and to identify risk factors related to smoking relapse among those successful in smoking cessation at the smoking cessation clinics of public health centers. Methods: Data were collected from 1,705 six-month quitters and analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazard model. Results: The rate of smoking relapse was 38.2% in 1 year, 44.4% in 2 years, and 47.8% in 5 years. The vast majority of relapse (62.3%) occurred within the first six months after quitting. The risk factors related to smoking relapse were age (HR 1.964: 95% CI 1.545, to 2.497), nicotine dependence (HR 1.293: 95% CI 1.087 to 1.539), problem drinking (HR 1.497: 95% CI 1.116 to 2.008), behavioral therapy type (HR 1.398: 95% CI 1.193 to 1.638), and nicotine replacement therapy type (HR 1.363: 95% CI 1.077 to 1.724). Conclusion: For reducing smoking relapse, it is necessary to develop a smoking relapse prevention program for the first six months after quitting and to strengthen behavioral therapy in the course of smoking cessations clinics.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.226-231
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• 2005

This study was carried out to find the physico-chemical attributes of yogurt base with Lactobacillus case; 00692 during 72 hr fermentation at $37^{\circ}C$. The pH decreased up to 44 hr and plateaued thereafter, and the titratable acidity increased up to 40 hr. The number of lactic acid bacteria sharply increased with $1.0\times10^7cfu/mL$ up to 48 hr of fermentation and slowly increased thereafter. The free amino acids produced during the fermentation reached the maximum value at 40 hr and gradually decreased thereafter. In the result of electrophoresis, the band was the thickest at 44 hr and mostly disappeared at 72 hr fermentation. The present data showed that the range of optimum fermentation time for yogurt base using Lactobacillus casei 00692 was from 40 to 44 hr.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.881-887
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• 2000

The antimutagenic effects of persimmon leaf tea extract (PLTE) at concentration levels consumed by human were examined in mice using micronuleus induction with MMC(mitomycin C) or 4-NQO (4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide). When mice received oral gavage of 10 equivalent to PLTE 24 hr and 6 hr before, and 5 equivalent to PLTE 6 hr before and 3 hr after intraperitoneal injection of MMC, a significant decrease in the frequency of micronuclei were observed. The induction of micronuclei by 4-NQO was suppressed by oral dosage of PLTE at 5 equivalent to PLTE 6 hr before and 3 hr after, 10 equivalent to PLTE 3 hr before and 3 hr after intraperitoneal injection of MMC. Though the components of PLTE have not been analyzed so far, our present results suggest the existence of several bio-antimutagens and/or desmutagens in PLTE, beside catechin, well-known antimutagen.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.225-232
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to compare the bond strength of the glass ionomer luting cements after the functional loads were applied to the crowns respectively 10 min, 30 min, 1 hr, 24 hrs later after mixing of cements. The conventional (GC Fuji I; GC Int. Co., Japan), water hardening type (Ketac Cem; ESPE, W. Germany) glass ionomer luting cement and C-dent ZPC (Confi-Dental Products Co., U.S.A.) as a control were used. The results of this study were obtained as follows: 1. In the bond strength of GC Fuji I, 24 hr-group was highest and there were no statistically significant differences among 10 min-, 30 min- and 1 hr- groups. 2. l3 the bond strength of Ketac Cem and C-dent ZPC, there was no statistically significant differences among 10 min-, 30 min-, 1 hr- and 24 hr-groups respectively. 3. Comparing the bond strength among cements in 10 min-, 30 min-groups respectively, GC Fuji I was lowest and there was no statistically significant difference between Ketac Cem and C-dent ZPC. 4. The bond strengths between GC Fuji I and Ketac Cem were not significantly different in 1 hr-, 24 hr-group. 5. The bond strengths among 3 types of cements were not significantly different in 24 hr-groups.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.167-173
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• 1990

Acetobacter aceti OLS-130cell을 Ca-alginate gel에 고정시킨 후 유동층 반응기를 이용한 연속적인 식초생산 가능성을 검토하였다. Working volume 2L규모의 유동층 반응기를 사용한 회분식발효를 발효온도 3$0^{\circ}C$, 통기량 1.0VVM에서 초기 ethanol 및 초산농도 3g/l와 27g/l에서 수행한 결과 free cell인 경우 발효 80시간 경과 후 23g/l의 초산이 생성되었으며, 이때 overall productivity는 0.31g/l-hr였고, 고정화 초산균의 bead를 250g/l로 하여 발효를 수행한 결과는 발효 48시간 경과 후 23g/l의 초산이 생성되어 overal productivity는 0.48g/l-hr로서 free cell일 때보다 약 1.5배 높았다. 위의 초산발효조건에서 배양 48시간 이후부터 연속발효를 실시한 결과 배양 90일까지 초산함량 50~55g/l의 식초를 연속적으로 생산하는 것이 가능하였으며, 이때 dilution rate는 $0.12hr^-1$로서 초산생산성은 약 2.76g/l-hr로 최대값을 유지하였으며 회분식 발효에서 free cell인 경우보다는 초산생산성이 약 8.9배, 고정화 세포인 경우보다 약 5. 8배 더 높았다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.27-35
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• 1995

In order to investigate acute toxicity and bioconcentration of heavy metals for a freshwater fish, the fish used in this experiment was goldfish, Carassius auratus. Each ten goldfish was accommonidated in a water and was treated with different concentration of Pb and Cu compound. The 24 $hr-LC_{50}$ was obtained by plotting on the log-normal distribution graph. Furthermore, the combined effect of Pb and Cu was also investigated the fish was treated with Pb or Cu compound only, and Pb and Cu compound together, respectively. These results were summarized as follows: 1. The 24 $hr-LC_{50}'s$ of Pb and Cu were 7.48 mg/l and 0.666 mg/l, respectively. 2. When single or/and combined treatment with Pb(7.0 mg/l) or/and Cu(0.6 mg/l) to Carassius auratus for 24 hours were performed, there was significant difference between the single or/and the combined treatment in their bioaccumulated Cu concentrations. Cu concentrations in goldfish were higher in the combined treatment than in the single treatment. 3. When Carassius auratus was exposed to 0.748 mg/l (1/10 of 24 $hr-LC_{50}$) and 1.496 mg/l of Pb (1/5 of 24 $hr-LC_{50}$) for 7 days, the bioconcentration factors (BCF) were 79.14 and 100.11 for Pb, respectively. The BCF of Pb was obtained as a linearity according to the concentration and exposure time as follows log BCF=1.014 log $P\cdot T$+1.011 ($r^2$=0.9041) where, P: pollutant concentration(mg/l) T: exposure time(day) 4. When Carassius auratus was pxposed to 0.0666 mg/l (1/10 of 24 $hr-LC_{50}$) and 0.1332 mg/l of Cu (1/5 of 24 $hr-LC_{50}$) for 7 days, the bioconcentration factors (BCF) were 55.42 and 63.24 for Cu respectively. The BCF of Cu was obtained as a linearity according to the concentration and exposure time as follows log BCF=0.571 log $P\cdot T$+1.823 ($r^2$=0.8974) where, P: polutant concentration(mg/l) T: exposure time(day)

• KSBB Journal
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.182-188
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• 2002

푸마르산으로부터 숙신산 생물전환을 위하여 E. faecalis RKY1을 HFBR에 친정화하여 연속생산 공정에 대한 가능성을 모색하였다. E. faecalis RKY1은 실관의 spongy 부분에 효과적으로 고정화되었으며, transverse mode로 HFBR 조업시 실관가닥이 50개 및 200개일 경우 거의 비슷한 경향을 나타냈다. 또한 배지의 공급속도를 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 mL/min로 증가시키면서 조업한 결과, 정상상태에 도달하는 시간이 각각 24, 12, 9시간으로서 유속이 증가할수록 정상상태에 도달하는 시간은 단축되었지만, 반응기 내의 기질 및 생성물 분포는 그 변화가 심하였다. 실관 생물반응기를 이용하여 숙신산 생물 전환시 배지의 공금 유속이 증가할수록 숙신산 생산성은 증가하였지만 전환수율이 감소하여 미반응 푸마르산은 증가하였다. 최대 숙신산 생산성 및 이 때의 수율은 푸마르산염 농도 80 g/L 및 배지 공금 유속 2.0 mL/min일 때 17.1 g/L ·hr 및 0.54 g/g이었으며, 최적 숙신산 생산성 및 이 때의 수율은 푸마르산염 농도 50 g/L 및 배지 공급 유속 1.0 mL/min일때 9.0 g/L · 및 0.90 g/g으로서 회분식 생물전환의 경우보다 더 우수하였다.