• Translational and Clinical Pharmacology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.63-66
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• 2017

Allopurinol-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome are reportedly associated with the $HLA-B^{\star}58:01$ genotype. Three patients who developed SCARs after allopurinol administration were subjected to HLA-B genotyping and lymphocyte activation test (LAT) to evaluate genetic risk and to detect the causative agent, respectively. All three patients given allopurinol to treat gout were diagnosed with DRESS syndrome. Symptom onset commenced 7-24 days after drug exposure; the patients took allopurinol (100-200 mg/d) for 2-30 days. HLA-B genotyping was performed using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequence-based typing (SBT) method. All patients had a single $HLA-B^{\star}58:01$ allele: $HLA-B^{\star}13:02/^{\star}58:01$ (a 63-year-old male), $HLA-B^{\star}48:01/^{\star}58:01$ (a 71-year-old female), and $HLA-B^{\star}44:03/^{\star}58:01$ (a 22-year-old male). Only the last patient yielded a positive LAT result, confirming that allopurinol was the causative agent. These findings suggest that patients with $HLA-B^{\star}58:01$ may develop SCARs upon allopurinol administration. Therefore, HLA-B genotyping could be helpful in preventing serious problems attributable to allopurinol treatment, although PCR-SBT HLA-B genotyping is time consuming. A simple genotyping test is required in practice. LAT may help to identify a causative agent.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.149-157
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• 2007

Background: The microsatellites within human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region show considerable polymorphism and strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) with HLA alleles. These microsatellites have been used for genetic analysis including disease mapping to understand susceptibility to autoimmune and infectious diseases. Also, use of microsatellites has recently been proposed as an approach for identifying non-HLA markers within the HLA region that could function as transplantation determinants and for the selection of potential donors for transplantation. Methods: To analyse the frequency of five microsatellites in the Korean population, genotyping for polymorphisms at five microsatellites markers (BAT2, MIB, DQCAR, D6S105 and TNFd) within HLA region was performed on 143 healthy Korean controls. Results: The most frequent genotype shown in healthy Korean controls were BAT2 8 (153 bp, 42.7%), MIB 1 (326 bp, 40.6%), DQCAR 3 (188 bp, 38.5%), D6S105 7 (126 bp, 58.0%) and TNFd 3 (128 bp, 58.0%). And common two-loci haplotypes were found as MIB 1-HLA-B*62 (HF: 10.6%), MIB 6-HLA-B*44 (HF: 7.8%), DQCAR 3-HLA-DRB1*13 (HF: 8.5%), TNFd 5-HLA-B*62 (HF: 7.8%) and D6S105 7-HLA-A*02 (HF: 16.2%). Conclusion: These data might provide useful information on the microsatellites markers with HLA region in Korean population and be helpful in further defining the clinical impact of these microsatellites.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.165-171
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• 2009

HLA is made for interoperability and reusability as distributed system framework under DMSO. RTI provides the necessary services for message transmission, object management as HLA 's understructure. But its performance can decrease as it becomes larger and more complex because of communication overhead. To solve this problem, RTI and TCP socket are partially used during data exchange and OMM is designed to efficiently manage objects. The efficiency of the proposed method is proved through simulation when it is applied to an air traffic control simulation based on HLA/RTI.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.248-254
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• 2009

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is induced by maternal antibodies to fetal platelet alloantigens. Because the main cause of NAIT is incompatibility to platelet specific antibodies, NAIT due to HLA antibodies are relatively rare. We managed a case of NAIT induced by maternal anti-HLA-B35 antibodies. The patient was a second born male. He had no petechiae or purpura at birth. He was admitted to the hospital due to fever for 5 days and a platelet count of $106\times10^9/L$. The fever subsided after admission but on the 2nd day of admission, petechiae developed on the chest wall and the platelet count decreased to $25\times10^9/L$. Other laboratory findings included C-reactive protein, prothrombin time, and partial thromboplastin time were normal. His mother's platelet count was normal and she had no history of bleeding. Anti-HLA-B35, B52, B56, C3, and C14 were identified in the mother's serum by a panel reactive antibody test and HLA-B35 antigen was identified in the father's and patient's sera. These finding suggested that maternal Anti-HLA-B35 antibody was a response to neonatal HLA-B35 antigen inherited from the father. The patient received concentrated platelet and intravenous immunoglobulin. The platelet count rose to $248\times10^9/L$ and was maintained thereafter.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.745-748
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• 2003

HLA-RTI is Middleware for the distribute simulation that developed in the US Department of Defense. This provides fast accomplishment speed and reliability than distribute simulation Middleware by transfer. However, DDM(Data Distribution Management) service is used as data filtering technology in the existing HLA-RTI. As for this, the problem that network traffic increases in data exchange between the mobility simulation objects is generated. it proposes applying agent technology to the mobility simulation object in order to solve these problems in this paper in this. And this paper applies that to practical simulation and analyzes performance between each data filtering technology with comparison.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.345-352
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• 2015

Recently, by developing many training systems in battle field, the demand for interconnecting and internetworking between Live, Virtual, Constructive training systems has been increased to support efficient data distribution and system control. But, there are lots of problems for them to interwork, because the existing researches only support L-L, V-V, C-C Interoperability. Therefore, we propose L-V-C gateway to provide interoperable simulation environment based on HLA and DDS between them. First, we illustrate FOM Management that parses RPR-FOM XML file to acquire Data information to be shared between them, and generates common data structure and source code used for L-V-C Gateway. L-V-C Gateway created from FOM Management supports Data Conversion and Quality of Service between HLA and DDS. HLA Federate and DDS Domainparticipant in L-V-C Gateway play a role of logical communication channel and relay data from HLA Federation to DDS Domain and vice versa.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.169-173
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• 1999

HLA(High Level Architecture)는 시뮬레이션 모델간의 상호 운용성(Interoperability)을 높이기 위해 제안되었고, 분산되어 있는 시뮬레이션 모델간의 데이터 교환 및 시뮬레이션 시간 진행을 조정하는 등 여러 가지 장점을 가진 분산 시뮬레이션에 적합한 구조이다. 본 논문에서는 자동차 주행 시뮬레이션을 HLA를 기반으로 구현하고, HLA의 실시간 분산 시뮬레이션에 대한 적용 가능성을 확인한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.2309-2312
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• 2014

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common histologic subtype of esophageal cancer and is characterized by a poor prognosis. Determining gene changes in ESCCs should improve understanding of putative risk factors and provide potential targets for therapy. We sequenced about 55 million pair-end reads from a pair of adjacent normal and ESCC samples to identify the gene expression level and gene fusion. Sanger sequencing was used to verify the result. About 17 thousand genes were expressed in the tissues, of which approximately 2400 demonstrated significant differences between tumor and adjacent non tumor tissue. GO and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that many of these genes were associated with cellular adherence and movement, simulation responses and immune responses. Notably we identified and validated one fusion gene, HLA-E and HLA-B, located 1 MB apart. We also identified thousands of remarkably expressed transcripts. In conclusion, a novel fusion gene HLA-E and HLA-B was identified in ESCC via whole transcriptome sequencing, which would be a biomarker for ESCC diagnosis and target for therapy, shedding new light for better understanding of ESCC tumorigenesis.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.79-83
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• 1984

To determine the existence of anti-HLA antibodies finally in 220 human placental extracts to be proved negative antiserum by previous anti-HLA A,B,C antibody screening procedure, the present study was performed by fractionation of immunoglobulins using saturated ammonium sulfate and by simple batch method on DEAE cellulose. Thereafter using known 150 T-lymphocyte panels, complement-dependent microlymphocytotoxicity test was performed to observe the existence of anti-HLA antibodies and the degree of the antibody response of the concentrates. The following results were obtained: 1. Of total 141 placental sera concentrated 45 cases(31.9%) were showed significant anti-HLA A,B,C antibody response after concentration(Excellent, 19(13.5%), Good, 3(2.1%), Weak, 23(16.3%)). 2. Anti-HLA specificities of placental sera obtained after concentration were A2, A24, B13, B27, B44, B51, CN1, C7. 3. A new type C new-1 anti-HLA antibody that is only expressed in Korean people, was obtained. 4. 79 placental sera purrified by simple batch method using DEAE cellulose were showed negative anti-HLA antibody responses.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.79-83
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• 2017

Abnormal HLA-G expression occurs in various diseases such as melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, asthma, and classic Hodgkin's lymphoma. The purpose of this study was to determine whether HLA-G gene is linked with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). To investigate the possible link with susceptibility to OSCC, 54 OSCC patients and 120 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. HLA-G 14bp insertion/deletion polymorphism is in 3'-untranslated region of HLA-G gene. HLA-G 14bp insertion/deletion polymorphism was analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. For the analysis of genetic data, SPSS18.0 program was used. Logistic regression models were performed for odds ratio (OR), 95 percent confidence interval (CI), and P value. There was a significant difference in distribution allele between OSCC patients and control subjects (OR=0.018, 95% CI=0.002-0.131, p<0.001). Our results suggest that HLA-G 14bp insertion/deletion polymorphism may be linked with susceptibility to OSCC in the Korean population.