• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.138-143
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• 2017

To investigate the efficacy of extract of Ginkgo Biloba seeds in high fat diet (HFD) in mice, the Ginkgo Biloba seeds extract (GSE) was orally administered to mice with a HFD at 300 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks. Our results show that GSE significantly inhibited fat accumulation. Moreover, GSE markedly reduced the final body weight with a decrease in epididymal adipose tissue mass and adipocyte size compared with the untreated HFD-induced group. Additionally, GSE ameliorated serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The results show that Ginkgo Biloba seeds possesses hypocholesterolemic effect through down regulating lipid metabolism. Further studies are required in this area to strengthen the anti-obesity effects of GSE with active component, and it can be used a pro-drug instead of whole extract.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.34-38
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• 2017

To investigate the efficacy of extract of Tartary buckwheat (F. tataricum Gaertn.) in high fat diet (HFD) in mice, the F. tataricum Gaertn. extract (FTE) was orally administered to mice with a HFD at 300 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks. Our results show that FTE significantly inhibited fat accumulation. Moreover, FTE markedly reduced the final body weight with a decrease in epididymal adipose tissue mass and adipocyte size compared with the untreated HFD-induced group. Additionally, FTE ameliorated serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The results show that Tartary buckwheat possesses hypocholesterolemic effect through downregulating lipid metabolism. Further studies are required in this area to strengthen the anti-obesity effects of FTE with active component, and it can be used a pro-drug instead of whole extract.

• 약학회지
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.364-365
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• 2012

Liver is the major organ to regulate the systemic glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance. Excess energy intake leads to triglyceride accumulation in adipose tissue first and subsequent accumulation in liver, resulting in obesity and type 2 diabetes. The representative pathological animal model for obesity associated insulin resistance is a high fat diet (HFD) fed mice model. Given the essential role of liver fat accumulation in developing systemic insulin resistance in obesity, I measured the liver triglyceride contents in HFD fed mice as a function of time. As such, in this report, I show the cause and effect relationship with regard to time during a HFD feeding between a variety of factors that are related to systemic insulin resistance including glucose intolerance, plasma insulin level and inflammatory gene expression in liver and adipose tissue.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.163-167
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• 2014

본 연구에서 우리는 고지방식이로 유도된 비만 마우스의 몸무게, 장기 무게, 부고환 지방조직 무게, 부고환 지방조직의 지방세포 크기 및 혈장 지질 농도가 E. faecalis MD366 균주의 투여로 어떤 영향을 미치는지 연구하였다. E. faecalis MD366균주의 항비만 효과를 알아보기 위하여 C57BL/6J 마우스를 정상식이군(ND), 고지방식이군(HFD), 고지방식이와 함께 E. faecalis MD366 균주를 경구투여한 군(HFD+MD366)으로 나누어 6주 동안 실험을 진행하였다. 6주 후 무게는 ND, HFD+MD366, HFD군 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 초기 무게 대비 체중 증가율은 HFD+MD366군이 HFD군에 비해 18.10% 감소하였다. 간과 신장, 고환의 장기조직 무게는 세 군 모두 비슷하였으며, 부고환 지방의 평균무게의 경우 ND군이 가장 작았으며, HFD+MD366군은 HFD군 보다 작게 나타났지만 유의적 차이는 보이지 않았다. E. faecalis MD366의 투여가 혈청 지질 농도에 미치는 영향을 본 결과, TG의 농도는 HFD+MD366군이 HFD군에 비해 감소하기는 했지만 유의적 차이는 없었으며, 총 콜레스테롤과 LDL-콜레스테롤 수치에 있어서도 HFD+MD366군이 HFD군에 비해 평균적으로 적은 수치를 나타내었으나, 유의적 차이는 보이지 않았다. 부고환 지방세포 크기의 분포를 본 결과 ND와 HFD+MD366군은 $2,000{\mu}m^2$ 크기의 지방세포가 가장 많이 분포하였고, HFD군에서는 $5,000{\mu}m^2$ 이상 크기의 지방세포가 가장 많이 분포하였으며, 지방 세포의 평균 크기는 ND, HFD+MD366, HFD 순으로 큰 것으로 나타났다. 비록 체중과 장기, 지방 무게와 혈청 지질농도 수치에는 E. faecalis MD366 균주가 큰 효과를 보이지 못했지만 부고환 지방세포 형성 및 지방세포 크기 증가를 저해함으로써 항비만 효과가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.538-543
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• 2011

쇠비름 에탄올 추출물의 고지혈증 개선 효과를 알아보기 위하여 C57BL/6J mice에게 9주 동안 고지방식이를 섭취시켰다. 마지막 4주 동안은 고지방식이에 쇠비름 에탄올 저농도투여군(HFD+POE 75) 및 쇠비름 에탄올 고농도투여군(HFD+POE 125)으로 나누어 하루에 한 번씩 경구투여 하였으며 고지방식이군(HFD)은 증류수를 투여하였다. HFD+POE 75군 및 HFD+POE 125군의 체중변화량은 유의적인 차이를 나타나지는 않았으나 식이효율은 HFD군에 비해 유의적으로 감소하였다. 혈중 ALT 함량은 HFD군에 비해 HFD+POE 125군에서 유의적으로 감소하였으나 AST 함량은 그룹 간 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 실험식이 4주 때에 혈청 중 총콜레스테롤, 중성지질 및 LDL-콜레스테롤 함량은 쇠비름 에탄올 추출물 경구투여로 유의적으로 감소하였으나 HDL-콜레스테롤 함량은 유의적 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 심순환기 질환의 위험성을 나타내는 지표로 알려진 동맥경화지수와 심혈관위험지수는 고농도의 쇠비름 에탄올 추출물 경구투여로 HFD군에 비해 유의적으로 감소하였다. 이상의 결과 고지방식이에 쇠비름 에탄올 추출물 경구투여로 혈중 및 간장 중의 총콜레스테롤 및 LDL-콜레스테롤, 중성지질이 저하되었는데 이는 쇠비름 에탄올 추출물이 고지혈증 개선 효과가 있는 것으로 사료되나 쇠비름 에탄올 추출물의 어떤 성분에 의한 지질 저하효과를 나타내는지와 어떠한 기전에 의해 지질 저하효과를 나타내는지 보다 자세한 연구가 요구된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.474-483
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 마우스를 대상으로 enzymatically modified isoquercitrin(EMIQ)이 고지방식이에 의한 체중증가와 이와 관련된 혈중지표들의 변화에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 지방조직을 중심으로 그 작용기작을 규명하고자 하였다. 10주간 고지방식이와 함께 섭취시킨 1.2% EMIQ는 마우스의 체중(-21%), 내장지방량(-31%) 그리고 혈중지표인 중성지방(-17%), 총콜레스테롤(-19%) 및 유리지방산(-26%)의 농도를 유의적으로 감소시켰다. 내장지방조직과 피하지방조직 모두에서 EMIQ는 PKA의 단백질량을 유의하게 증가시켰다. EMIQ는 또한 내장지방조직에서 지방생성 관련 유전자들의 발현($PPAR{\gamma}2$, $C/EBP{\alpha}$, FAS, aP2)을 유의하게 감소시킨 반면, 지방산 산화 관련 분자(p-HSL)를 유의하게 증가시켰고, 내장지방조직과 피하지방조직 모두에서 열발생 관련 유전자($PGC1-{\alpha}$, PRDM16, Cidea, UCP1)의 발현을 유의하게 증가시켰다. 따라서 EMIQ의 체중감소효능은 지방조직에서 PKA가 매개하는 지방생성, 지방산 산화 및 열 발생 관련 신호전달체계 유전자들의 발현변화와 관련이 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2017

Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effect of Bangkibokryeong-tang (BBT, Fangjifuling-tang) on blood glucose and body fat in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Methods The experimental animals were divided into five groups- normal diet-fed control (ND), high-fat diet-fed control (HFD), HFD+BBT 75, HFD+BBT 150, and HFD+olistat as a positive drug control group. Markers of obesity, such as body weight, organ weight, diet efficiency, and serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, lipid content, leptin, adiponectin, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT)/glutamic pyruvic transferase (GPT)/lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), blood glucose, and insulin, were measured. Furthermore, results of the oral glucose tolerance test and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibition activity were examined in obese mice. Results Mice treated with BBT demonstrate lower body and organ weight, and reduced weight gain and food efficiency than that in the HFD-only control group. In addition, BBT decreased lipid accumulation in the liver and the levels of enzymes such as GOT, GPT, and LDH in the serum. Furthermore, the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and leptin were decreased in the serum but the levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and adiponectin were increased in the BBT-treated group compared with the control group. The BBT-treated group also demonstrated decreased blood glucose and insulin concentrations induced by feeding on a high-fat diet and improved glucose tolerance. Conclusions Based on the results above, BBT may reduce body fat and hyperglycemia in HFD-induced obesity. This suggests that BBT may be clinically useful in the treatment of obesity.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

The inhibitory effect of polyphenol extracts (Seapolynol$^{TM}$, SPN) of the marine brown algae Ecklonia cava and dieckol, a major component of SPN, on hyperlipidemia was investigated in ICR mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for five weeks. For analysis of the anti-hyperlipidemic effects of SPN and dieckol, these two agents were given orally on a daily basis to HFD-fed mice for four weeks, starting one week after the beginning of HFD feeding. Groups administered with SPN as well as dieckol showed lower body weight gains than the HFD only group. Administration of SPN and dieckol also resulted in a significant reduction of the level of total cholesterol (TCHO), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the serum of HFD-fed mice. In Oil Red O staining using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, it was shown that both SPN and dieckol markedly inhibited lipid accumulation of 3T3-L1 cells. Furthermore, SPN and dieckol (50 ${\mu}g$/mL) significantly inhibited 3-hydroxyl-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMGCoA) reductase activity in vitro. Taken together, these results suggest that polyphenols of Ecklonia cava (SPN) and dieckol reduce body weight gain and fat accumulation in HFD-induced obese mice, and that their hypolipidemic effect is related to the inhibition of adipogenesis of adipocytes and HMGCoA reductase activity.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.3881-3885
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• 2015

Obesity markedly increases the risk of colorectal cancer. Recently, the preventive effects of edible mushrooms on triglyceride elevation and visceral fat accumulation have been reported. Here, the effects of Pleurotus eryngii (Eringi) and Hypsizygus marmoreus (Bunashimeji) on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF; precancerous lesions) in the colorectums of mice fed a high-fat diet were examined. Eringi (ER) and Bunashimeji (BU) mushroom powder samples were used. Six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice received an intraperitoneal injection of AOM (10 mg/kg) once a week for two weeks, and were sacrificed and dissected at 6 weeks after the start of the experiment. After the initiation of the experiment, they received a normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD + ER (1 or 5% of diet), or HFD + BU (1 or 5% of diet). As a result, body and fat weights were significantly lower in the 5% ER and BU groups than in the HFD group. Liver triglyceride levels were also significantly lower in the 5% ER and BU groups. Total liver cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the 5% ER group. The numbers of ACF (especially large ACF) showed strong inhibitory effects in both ER and BU groups. Measurement of the cell proliferation marker Ki-67 labeling index in the colonic mucosa demonstrated more significant suppression in both ER and BU groups than in the HFD group. These results suggest that the simultaneous intake of ER and BU may inhibit colorectal tumorigenesis in HFD-fed mice.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the anti-obesity effects in local area adipose tissue using by pharmacopuncture of Eriobotryae Folium on mice fed high fat diet. Methods : Male ICR mouse were divided into three groups. Normal diet group (N), High-fat diet(HFD) group, HFD+E(pharmacopuncture of the Eriobotryae Folium) group for 8 weeks. HFD+E group was injected in the concentration of 50 mg/kg once a day for 4 weeks and every other day during the next 4 weeks. We measured body weight, food intake, absolute weight and relative weight in the liver and adipose tissue. Also, we analyzed hematological levels and histopathological changes on adipose tissue. Results : 1. We observed no difference in food intake among three groups. 2. HFD+E group significantly decreased body weight gain and absolute weight and relative weight in the liver and adipose tissue compared with HFD group. 3. Blood AST and ALT were no differences among the experiment groups. However, HFD group was significantly increased higher TG, TC, HDL and LDL than in N group and HDL/LDL ratio was remarkably decreased. On the other hand, HFD+E group was significantly decreased in obesity markers and HDL/LDL ratio was remarkably increased. 4. Levels of adiponectin in serum of HFD+E group was remarkably increased compared with those of HFD group. 5. HFD group was significantly decreased compared with N group in adipocyte number. Compared with the HFD group, HFD+E group was displayed a significant increase by adipocyte number. Conclusions : We suggest that pharmacopuncture of the Leaves of Eriobotrya japonica can play the anti-obesity effects in local area adipose tissue.