• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 1995

본 연구는 계룡산 국립공원과 오대산 국립공원의 9개 등산로를 대상으로 등산로의 물리적 조건이 심장박동수에 미치는 영향을 밝히기 위하여 수행되었다. 산오르기 등산은 피검자가 에르고메타를 이용하여 측정한 최대심박수의 84~96%에 해당하는 고된 신체운동이며, 동일한 코스를 내려올 때의 최대심박수는 올라갈 때의 최대심박수에 약 78~93%에 해당하는 값을 나타내었다. 등산로의 경사도는 심박수에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 노폭은 심박수와 무관한 것으로 판단된다. 비시설 등산로에 비하여 나무 또는 돌계단식과 같은 등산로 노면재료가 심박수의 증가에 영향을 크게 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of postural control exercise on the delayed heart rate increase in heart transplant patients. Methods: The subject was a female heart transplant recipient who had a delayed increase in heart rate during exercise. The intensity of exercise was performed at MBorg level 4. The A-B-A' and A-B-A'-B' designs were used to identify the changes in heart rate during active-assisted exercise, lower limb postural control exercise, and upper limb postural control exercise. Experiments were performed for four weeks. The heart rates at pre- and post-exercise were compared, and the time to reach MBorg 4 was measured. Results: In the active-assisted exercise, the average heart rates at pre- and post-exercise and after 10 min of exercise were 88, 89, and 87.7 bpm, respectively. In the repetitive comparison of pre- and post-exercise in the lower limb postural control exercise, the difference in the mean heart rate was 3.5 and 3 bpm in stable support and 14 and 14.5 bpm in unstable support, respectively. In the repetitive comparison of pre- and post-exercise in the upper limb postural control exercise, the difference in the mean heart rate was 6 and 4 bpm in stable support and 4 and 4.5 bpm in unstable support. The time required to reach MBorg 4 was short when both the upper and lower postural control exercises were performed in an unstable state. Conclusion: We suggest that combining proper postural control exercise with strength exercise and aerobic exercise, among others, may be effective in rehabilitating patients in the recovery stage after a heart transplant.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제2권6호
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• pp.725-732
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• 1998

In order to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ overload frequently reported from diabetic heart, diabetic rats were induced by the administration of streptozotocin, the membrane vesicles of junctional SR (heavy SR, HSR) were isolated from the ventricular myocytes, and SR $Ca^{2+}$ uptake and SR $Ca^{2+}$ release were measured. The activity of SR $Ca^{2+}-ATPase$ was $562{\pm}14$ nmol/min/mg protein in control heart. The activity was decreased to $413{\pm}30$ nmol/min/mg protein in diabetic heart and it was partially recovered to $485{\pm}18$ nmol/min/mg protein in insulin-treated diabetic heart. A similar pattern was observed in SR $^{45}Ca^{2+}$ uptakes; the specific uptake was the highest in control heart and it was the lowest in diabetic heart. In SR $^{45}Ca^{2+}$ release experiment, the highest release, 45% of SR $^{45}Ca^{2+}$, was observed in control heart. The release of diabetic heart was 20% and it was 30% in insulin-treated diabetic heart. Our results showed that the activities of both SR $Ca^{2+}-ATPase$ and SR $Ca^{2+}$ release channel were decreased in diabetic heart. In order to evaluate how these two factors contribute to SR $Ca^{2+}$ storage, the activity of SR $Ca^{2+}-ATPase$ was measured in the uncoupled leaky vesicles. The uncoupling effect which is able to increase the activity of SR $Ca^{2+}-ATPase$ was observed in control heart; however, no significant increments of SR $Ca^{2+}-ATPase$ activities were measured in both diabetic and insulin-treated diabetic rats. These results represent that the $Ca^{2+}$ storage in SR is significantly depressed and, therefore, $Ca^{2+}-sequestering$ activity of SR may be also depressed in diabetic heart.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제36권12호
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• pp.975-978
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• 2003

심근경색 후 좌심실류의 약 88% 이상이 전벽경색에 의한 것이고 나머지는 하벽경색에 의한 것으로 후벽에 발생하는 좌심실류는 특히 드물다. 본원에서는 심근경색 후 좌심실 후기저부에 생긴 진성 좌심실류와 가성 좌심실류 2예에서 수술적 교정을 시행하였기에 증례 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.504-509
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• 1999

배경: 복잡심장기형의 경우 완전교정술식의 높은 난이도와 사망율로 말미암아 심장이식이 고려되고 있다. 그러나 정상심장을 이식하기에 곤란한 복잡기형의 경우 수술전 자세한 계획이 매우 중요하다고 하겠다. 신생아의 복잡심장기형에서 심장이식을 고안하기위한 동물실험을 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 8마리 신생돼지를 사용하여 4차례 심장이식실험을 하였다. 실험 1: 성인에서의 심장이식과 같은 방법으로 시행하였다. 실험 2: 좌심형성부전증후군(Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome)의 경우를 모의실험하기 위하여 공여돈의 대동맥궁을 이용한 성형수술을 하였다. 실험 3: 폐동맥성형술을 동반한 심장이식을 하였다. 실험 4: 이식후 장기 생존을 위한 실험을 시도하였다. 결과: 신생돈에서의 심장이식수술은 큰 어려움없이 시행할 수 있었다. 실험후 인공심폐순환에서 벗어날 수 있었으나 2마리는 폐동맥연결부위와 좌심방연결부위의 출혈로 사망하였다. 결론: 이상의 실험으로 대혈관의 위치에 따라 세심한 수술계획을 한다면 거의 실행하지 못할 복잡심장기형이 없을 것으로 보이며 신생아의 경우는 특히 출혈에 대해 주의를 해야 할 것으로 생각되었다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.573-581
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• 1999

청진에 의한 심음도법은 오래 전부터 진단에 이용되어 왔지만 심음 인식분야에서는 제 1심음, 제 2심음, 특정 판막의 운동과 같이 부분적 기능이나 동작 분석을 목적으로 심음의 일부 구간에 대한 인식 연구가 행하여졌을 뿐 심음 한 주기 전체를 대상으로 하는 심음 특징 인식에 대한 연구성과는 매우 미약하였다. 본 논문에서는 한 주기 동안의 전체 심음을 분석하여 파라메터를 추출하고 이를 이용하여 한 주기 심음 특성에 대한 인식방법을 제안하였다. 제안된 알고리즘은 시간영역에서 제 1심음과 제 2심 검출을 기반으로 한다. 알고리즘은 주요 구간을 추출하고 정점 위치, 구간 적분, 통계변수에 대한 분석을 통하여 심음을 분류한다. 심음을 정상, 수축초기 심잡음, 수축말기 심잡음, 이완 초기 심잡음, 이완 말기 심잡음, 연속적 심잡음으로 구분하였다. 시험 결과 평균 88% 의 평균 인식률을 얻어 제안된 알고리즘의 유용성을 확인하였다. 비정상 심음의 분류에 대한 오인식은 주로 수축초기의 심잡음인 경우로 나타났다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.692-699
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• 1985

Fifty cases of Open Heart Surgery due to congenital and acquired heart disease were done using the cardiopulmonary bypass in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery, Chosun University Hospital from November, 1980 to June, 1985. 1. The age of the congenital heart disease was from 7 to 29 years, the mean age was 14.5 years. In the acquired heart disease, the age was from 14 to 48 years, and the mean age was 22.3 years. The ratio of male to female was about 1.8:1. 2. The number of congenital cyanotic heart disease were 7 patients, congenital acyanotic heart disease were 17 patients and acquired valvular heart disease were 26 patients. All of the acquired heart disease was one or more valve disease. 3. Preoperative symptoms of the congenital heart disease were exertional dyspnea [cyanotic 100%, acyanotic 70.6%] and palpitation [cyanotic 28.6%, acyanotic 76.1%], and the acquired heart diseases were exertional dyspnea [92.3%], palpitation [34.1 %], and chest discomfort [30.8%]. 4. The method of the myocardial protection during the cardiopulmonary bypass were mild or moderate hypothermia, intermittent coronary perfusion of the cardioplegic solution, topical myocardial hypothermia with 4oC Hartmann`s solution. 5. In the cases of the valve replacement, postoperative oral anticoagulant therapy was started at oral intake of food using the warfarin and persantin, and the prothrombin time was maintained 30-50% of control value during 3-6 months for tissue valve replacement and permanently for metal valve replacement. 6. The postoperative complications were appeared in 24 cases and the complications were wound infection, occipital alopecia, hemorrhage etc. 7. The mortality after open heart surgery was 8 percents and the cause of death was low cardiac output syndrome, right heart failure, DIC, and Left ventricle rupture.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.162-167
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• 2005

According to the principle of ascending water and descending fire, water has the property of wetting downward, which is the opposite of fire, which has the property of blazing upward. Thus, they work differently according to their innate properties. Nature and the human body maintain harmony through the interaction of ascending water and descending fire. When applied to the human body, the heart and kidney are the center of this principle. In other words, the heart above is the fire and the kidney downward is water. When the heart-fire harmonizes downward, the kidney becomes warm, enabling genuine vital functions to be active. When the kidney yin moves upward, the heart receives the nourishing yin to harmonize nutrients and blood. Thereby, physiological functions become normal throughout the blood meridians. However, in the ascending kidneywater and descending heart-yang of the heart and the kidney, the liver and lung are the major functional organs. In other words, the liver through the dispersing and raising yang functions moves water, which is the vital essence of the kidney, upward. And the lung, through the astriction?clearing of the lung and descending Qi?dispersing functions, moves the heart-fire downward. These functions are deeply related with changing seasons; thus, these functions can be explained with the ascending kidney-water and descending heart-yang of the five viscera.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2013

Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of autonomic nervous system in heart-weakened children via analyzing heart rate variability (HRV) compare to healthy children. Methods Among the children who have visited the department of pediatrics at OO oriental medicine hospital, the subjects were composed of 62 elementary school students without cardiac disorder, who have yet develop secondary sexual characteristics. Results 1. Mean HRT and SDNN of the heart-weakened group of children were lower than the healthy group, but with no statistical significance. 2. Heart-weakened children had higher LF norm and LF/HF ratio, but lower HF norm than healthy children. The rest of the Frequency Domain Index have no significant differences. 3. Heart-weak score showed a positive correlation with Mean HRT and LF/HF ratio. Conclusions Heart-weakened children had an imbalance in autonomic nervous system due to increase of sympathetic nerve activity and decrease of parasympathetic nerve activity.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.824-832
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• 2015

Heart sounds are the main obstacle in lung sound analysis. To tackle this obstacle, we propose a diagnosis algorithm that uses singular spectrum analysis (SSA) and frequency features of heart and lung sounds. In particular, we introduce a frequency coefficient that shows the frequency difference between heart and lung sounds. The proposed algorithm is applied to a synthetic mixture of heart and lung sounds. The results show that heart sounds can be extracted successfully and localizations for the first and second heart sounds are remarkably performed. An error analysis of the localization results shows that the proposed algorithm has fewer errors compared to the SSA method, which is one of the most powerful methods in the localization of heart sounds. The presented algorithm is also applied in the cases of recorded respiratory sounds from the chest walls of five healthy subjects. The efficiency of the algorithm in extracting heart sounds from the recorded breathing sounds is verified with power spectral density evaluations and listening. Most studies have used only normal respiratory sounds, whereas we additionally use abnormal breathing sounds to validate the strength of our achievements.