• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.25 no.1 s.37
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• pp.44-52
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• 1992

This study was conducted to evaluate the relations between alcohol intake and blood lipid level in a group of 1,138 Korean adult men, ages 20 to 69 years. Total number of each of a variety of drinks in the previous two weeks was obtained by questionnaire and converted into grams of alcohol consumed in a week. The levels of blood lipid such as Cholesterol, HDL-Cholesterol, Triglyceride and LDL-Cholesterol were examined by enzyme method. We also observed the effects of various variables such as age, body mass index, smoking, exercise and blood pressure on blood lipid level. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Average weekly alcohol intake was $129.0{\pm}167.4gm$ and that of 30-39 age group was the highest as $149.3{\pm}170.4gm$. 2. Levels of Cholesterol Triglyceride and LDL-Cholesterol tended to increase with increasing age, but level of HDL-Cholesterol showed no significant relationship with age. 3. The positive linear regressions of alcohol intake on HDL-Cholesterol and Triglyceride were noted statistically significant. 4. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the effect of alcohol on HDL-Cholesterol and Triglyceride was statistically significant and the contribution rates were 5.0% and 0.8%, respectively. And, in the case of HDL-Cholesterol, the alcohol intake was the most significant independent variable.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.49-58
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• 2008

Objective The purpose of this case-control study was done to examine the relationship among the acute brain infarction, silent brain infarction and blood lipids. Methods We compared the components of blood lipids among acute brain infarction patients group (n=99), silent brain infarction patients group(n=101) and controls group (n=153). The analysis of the data was done by Frequency Analysis, one-way ANOVA, Post Hoc Test(Duncan), Pearson's Correlation. Results The results were as follows. High density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-Chol) was significantly lower in patients of acute brain infarctions group. The blood levels of total cholesterol(T-Chol) was significantly higher in patients of silent brain infarctions. A study on the relationship among the significant variables ; In T-Chol and HDL-Chol, DM(No=0, Yes=1) and Age, they had positive correlation each other. Between Sex(Female=0, Male=1) and HDL-Chol, Age and HDL-Chol, DM and HDL-Chol, they had negative correlation each other. Conclusions These results suggest that low HDL-Chol may be risk factor of acute brain infarction.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.328-332
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• 2006

Efficient finite field operation in the elliptic curve (EC) public key cryptography algorithm, which attracts much of latest issues in the applications in information security, is very important. Traditional serial finite multipliers root from Mastrovito's serial multiplication architecture. In this paper, we adopt the polynomial basis and propose a new finite field multiplier, inducing numerical expressions which can be applied to exhibit 3 times as much performance as the Mastrovito's. We described the proposed multiplier with HDL to verify and evaluate as a proper hardware IP. HDL-implemented serial GF (Galois field) multiplier showed 3 times as fast speed as the traditional serial multiplier's adding only partial-sum block in the hardware. So far, there have been grossly 3 types of studies on GF($2^m$) multiplier architecture, such as serial multiplication, array multiplication, and hybrid multiplication. In this paper, we propose a novel approach on developing serial multiplier architecture based on Mastrovito's, by modifying the numerical formula of the polynomial-basis serial multiplication. The proposed multiplier architecture was described and implemented in HDL so that the novel architecture was simulated and verified in the level of hardware as well as software.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.185-189
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• 2005

Lipids such as total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) are known as good risk factors for coronary artery diseases caused by arthrosclerosis. We measured the serum concentrations of hs-CRP, TC, and HDL-C of 6,128 persons who underwent medical examinations in the Health Screening Center at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital. We classified the subjects into normotensive and hypertensive groups according to the blood pressure measured. We investigated whether there was a difference of hs-CRP and lipids between the normotensive and hypertensive groups. There was significant difference of TC, TC/HDL-C ratio, and hs-CRP concentration between the normotensive and hypertensive groups in both men and women, but there was no significant difference of HDL-C concentration between two groups. Our results indicated that the concentrations of hs-CRP and lipids were higher in patients with hypertension and confirmed the usefulness of lipids and hs-CRP in predicting the risk for coronary artery diseases.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.392-404
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Numerous studies have examined the relationship between drinking behaviors and metabolic syndrome (MetS) for adults, but these include very few studies for young adults. This study therefore undertook to investigate the association between drinking behaviors and components of MetS among adult drinkers aged 20-30 years. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using the 2016-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, drinking behaviors of adults in the age group 20-30 years were divided into 4 groups: 1) group A, good drinking habits; 2) group B, frequent binge drinking but not frequent drinking; 3) group C, frequent drinking but not frequent binge drinking; 4) group D, frequent drinking and binge drinking. The association between MetS components and drinking behaviors was analyzed by applying multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: We determined the prevalence risk compared to group A. In men, the prevalence risk of high triglyceride (TG) increased 2.051-fold in group C and 1.965-fold in group D. Moreover, in group D, the prevalence risk of low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased 0.668-fold, high blood pressure (BP) increased 2.147-fold, and MetS increased 1.567-fold. In women, there was an increased prevalence risk of low HDL-C (0.353-fold) and MetS (3.438-fold) in group C, whereas group D showed increased prevalence risk of abdominal obesity (2.959-fold), high TG (1.824-fold, and low HDL-C (0.424-fold). CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that frequent drinking increases the risk of high TG, whereas frequent and binge drinking increases the risk of high TG, low HDL-C, high BP, and prevalence of MetS in men. In women, frequent drinking without binge drinking increases the risk of low HDL-C and MetS, whereas frequent and binge drinking increases the risk of abdominal obesity, high TG, and low HDL-C. We propose that improvements in the drinking behaviors can reduce the prevalence of MetS.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 1989

The present study was designed to examine the effect of dietary fish oil on blood pressure and lipid status of serum. Weanling SHRs and normotensive Wistars were fed a diet containing 5%(w/w) mackerel oil(MO), soybean oil(SO) or beef tallow(BT) for 8 weeks. Growth rate was not significantly different among three dietary groups, but that of SHRs was silightly lower than that of Wistars. SHRs showed higher systolic blood pressure than Wistar rats from the beginning and become hypertensive (over 150mmHg) after 6 week s of feeding period. The MO group of SHRs showed the lowest blood pressure at the 8th week of feeding period but that of Wistars showed similar values with other groups. Tissue weights of liver, heart and kidney were not different amongdietary aroups in Wistars and SHRs. However, heart and kidney weights of SHRs were significantly higher than those of Wistars. Microscopic examination revealed that endomysium of heart tissue and urinary space of kidney were narrowed in SHRs. Serum total and HDL-cholesterol showed similar values among three different dietary fat groups but triglyceride levels were significantly low in MO groups. HDL-cholesterol levels of SHRs were lower than those of Wistars, as well as the fractions of total HDL, the sum of HDL and $HDL_{2+3}$, while VLDL fractions were higher in SHRs. MO groups had the lower values of $HDL_1,\;HDL_{2+3}$ratio than SO and BT groups. Major dietary fatty acids were more or less incorporated into serum phospholipid and triglyceride, resulting in the characteristic fatty acid profile of each dietary group. Incorporation of $C_{18:2}({\omega}_6)$ in SO groups were pronounced, but the degree of incorporation was lower in SHRs. In Mo groups, $C_{22:6}({\omega}_3)$ levels were inreased in triglyceride. It is suggested that these changes in serum lipid fatty acid composition are related to the different patterns of serum lipid by alteration of dietary fats.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 2002

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of taurine supplementation on lipid metabolism in laying hens. In experiment 1, 19-wk-old laying hens were given one of four taurine supplemented diets (0 (control), 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2% taurine) fur 10 weeks. Abdominal fat weight was lower in the 1.2% diet by 29.2% compared to the control. Serum concentrations of triacylglycerol and HDL-cholesterol were not different among the treatments. However, seam concentration of total cholesterol was higher by 22.4% in the 1.2% diet compared to the control. Concentration of triacylglycerol or total cholesterol in the liver were decreased by 26.1% or 26.4% and 28.2% or 26.4%, respectively in the 0.8% and 1.2% diets compared to the control. The concentration of HDL-cholesterol in liver was also lower by 33.9% in the 1.2% diet compared to the control. In experiment 2, 81-wk-old laying hens were allocated to one of three taurine supplemented diets (0 (control), 1 and 2% taurine) fur 6 weeks. Abdominal fat weight was lower by 25% in 1% taurine supplementation compared to the control. Serum concentrations of triacylglycerol, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol of hens fed with 1% diet were not different from those of control group. However, sew concentrations of triacylglycerol and total cholesterol were lower by 44.0% and 19.8%, respectively in the 2% diet compared to the control. Furthermore, serum concentration of HDL -cholesterol in the 2% diet was higher by 75% compared to the control. Concentrations of triacylglycerol and total cholesterol in the liver in the 2% diet were decreased in the 1% diet by 36.8 and 23%, respectively, but increased by 78.4% and 70%, respectively, compared to the control. The concentration of HDL-cholesterol in the liver was not different between the 1% diet and the control, but higher by 62.8% in the 2% diet compared to the control. These results indicated that taurine supplementation decreased the fat storage in abdominal cavity, which was accompanied by the changes in triacylglycerol and cholesterol metabolisms of laying hens.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.664-670
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• 2009

The ${\beta}$3-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) is expressed mainly in visceral adipose tissue and is thought to contribute to lipolysis and the delivery of free fatty acids to the portal vein. This study was aimed at evaluating the association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and ADRB3 genetic polymophisms. A total of 991 healthy examinees who were examined in a university hospital, located in Busan City, between May and December 2006 were enrolled in this study. Height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the subjects were examined. Intravenous concentrations of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride were also measured. After extracting DNA from the subjects, mutations of the +188T>C (Trp64Arg) of exon 1 and +3893T>C of intron 2 on the ADRB3 gene were genotyped using the single base extension method. We have identified a novel mutation of ADRB3 that is located in intron 2. The frequency of its minor allele was 0.164. Both the +188T>C mutation of exon 1 and +3893T>C mutation of intron 2 were significantly associated with HDL-C. The mean concentration of serum HDL-C was significantly lower in the presence of their minor allele 'C'. These results suggest that both mutations of +188T>C of exon 1 and +3895T>C of intron 2 have significant associations with HDL-C in the Korean population.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.337-349
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• 2013

The objective of this literature review is to prove that egg cholesterol is not related with heart disease based upon research results of the past 50 years. As a result, it was reported that the dietary intake cholesterol did not affected cholesterol levels in blood. Moreover, it was reported that adding two eggs a day to a healthful diet did not significantly increase blood cholesterol levels in young or middle-aged men and women with normal or even moderately elevated blood cholesterol levels. Cholesterol feeding studies demonstrate that dietary cholesterol increases both LDL and HDL cholesterol with little change in the LDL : HDL ratio as an important risk indicator of heart disease. Especially a good indicator in the elderly from increased HDL-cholesterol, so cholesterol intake appeared to be good for the prevention of heart disease. Thus the consumption of eggs is bad for your health is not known as a fact, but rather was found to be effective in preventing heart disease. Also, all consumers may consume without worrying because there are no official standards regarding egg intake. Therefore, these evidences would clear up some misunderstanding and mistrust on egg cholesterol regarding the consumption of egg as well as give some desirable advice on how to maintain healthy life.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.569-577
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• 2010

Background & Objectives : Yellow fur on the tongue is known to be associated with prognosis of disease in oriental medicine. Higher ratios of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL) & total cholesterol (TC) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL) are associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between cardiovascular disease index and yellow fur - oriental medical index - in stroke patients over 60 years old. Methods & Subjects : Among 802 of the recruited patients(434 male, 368 female), 340 were yellow fur group(209 male, 131 female). We assessed their general characteristics and risk factors. We compared the cardiovascular disease index between yellow fur and non-yellow fur groups by sex. Results : On the General Characteristics males have yellow fur more often than females. In cardiovascular disease index, the male yellow fur group showed higher ratios of TC/HDL(atherogenic index), (TC-HDL)/HDL, LDL/HDL and higher LDL and showed lower HDL than the non-yellow fur group. In female patients, there were no differences between the two groups about cardiovascular disease index. There were more patients diagnosed with Fire & Heat in the male yellow fur group, and Dampness & Phlegm in the male non-yellow fur group. The male yellow fur group eat fast food more than the non-yellow fur group. Conclusions : The results indicated that yellow fur may be associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease. We can thus use yellow fur on the tongue as a cardiovascular disease index in male stroke patients over 60 years old.